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Continued from page 23 - VITAL STATISTICS; A Rise in Sexually Transmitted Diseases ''Condoms are a very good way to reduce the risk of getting infections,'' said Dr. Stuart Berman, an epidemiologist with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which issued the report. ''If you use them all the time, and use them correctly, they work.'' Screening is also helpful. ''Pregnant women and men who have sex with men should be screened yearly for chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis,'' Dr. Berman said. ''And all sexually active women younger than 26 should be screened annually for chlamydia.'' (Women's rates of chlamydia are almost three times those of men.) These numbers, which were published in December, include only cases reported by local health departments, clinics and hospitals. The C.D.C. estimates that they account for less than half of the actual number of infections. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.htmlres=9D01E7DA1E3 CF934A25750C0A96F9C8B63&ref=venerealdiseases ☻☻☻☻☻☻ Nearly Half of Black Women Have Herpes By The Root Staff March 9, 2010 Find out why the government thinks this group has been hit so hard by the disease. The latest news out of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is very troubling, to say the least. A jaw-dropping 48 percent of black women between ages 14 and 49 have the virus which causes genital herpes, says the federal agency. Blacks in general are more than three times as likely as whites to have herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) (39.2 percent vs. 12.3 percent). Why is it so much higher among black women It is likely that biological factors make women more susceptible to genital herpes than men, says the CDC. American women in general are nearly twice as likely as men to be infected (21 percent vs. 11 percent). Then add on top of that socioeconomic factors that negatively affect blacks' general state of health, and it's no surprise that black women draw the short straw when it comes to getting genital herpes. What's worse, most don't even know they've drawn that short straw. Up to 80 percent of genital herpes infections in the United States are undiagnosed. "Many individuals are transmitting herpes to others without even knowing it," -24- Traditional African Clinic October 2011 said John M. Douglas Jr., director of CDC's division of STD prevention. "It is important that persons with symptoms suggestive of herpes-especially recurrent sores in the genital area-seek clinical care to determine if these symptoms may be due to herpes and might benefit from treatment." Sores aren't the only sign you've been infected, and many people don't even experience them. Redness and itching are other symptoms, and the disease can still be transmitted without visible sores. The high rate of genital herpes infections among blacks may contribute toward the high rate of HIV in the black community by making transmission easier, says the CDC. So what do we do If you know you have genital herpes, you definitely should avoid sex when symptoms or sores are present. Remember that genital herpes can still be transmitted when sores are not present. Using condoms consistently and correctly, and limiting the number of people you have sex with are also important to limiting the spread of the disease. For more information on the disease, check out the CDC's genital herpes fact sheet. Sheryl Huggins Salomon is deputy editor of The Root. http://www.theroot.com/views/nearly-half-black-womenhave-herpes ☻☻☻☻☻☻ Disparities: Racial Gaps Seen in Chlamydia Screening January 28, 2011 NY Times By NICHOLAS BAKALAR All sexually active women under 25 are supposed to be screened for chlamydia. But a new analysis finds that black and Hispanic women are screened at significantly higher rates than white women, and this could help explain why minority women have higher reported rates of the disease. The study, published in the February issue of Pediatrics, examined the records of more than 23,000 women ages 14 to 25 who visited health care facilities in Indianapolis from 2002 to 2007. Over all, 58 percent of the women were screened. The Continued on page 25
Continued from page 24 - Disparities: Racial Gaps Seen in Chlamydia Screening youngest women and those with insurance were slightly more likely to be tested than the older and the uninsured. But black women were three times as likely to be tested as white women, and Hispanic women almost 13 times as likely to be tested. Chlamydia rates are higher among blacks and Hispanics, and this could be a reason to screen them more often than whites. But cervical cancer rates, for example, are also higher among blacks and Hispanics, yet there is no difference by race in screening for that disease. The authors say the stigma attached to a sexually transmitted infection like chlamydia may make clinicians less likely to test white women. The lead author, Dr. Sarah E. Wiehe, an assistant professor of pediatrics at Indiana University, said these differences in screening might have a significant effect on reported rates of disease. “There is a higher prevalence of chlamydia among certain women,” she said. “We don’t know how much of that is driven by differences in screening.” http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/01/health/research/01disparit ies.html_r=1&ref=venerealdiseases ☻☻☻☻☻☻ Uganda: Sexually Transmitted Infections in Men By Christine Katende 23 June 2011 Daily Monitor Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are usually associated with women, both as the victims and sources. Men, too, however suffer from STIs, according to Dr Joseph Ogavu Gyagenda, a senior medical officer at Nsambya hospital. However, the presentation or symptoms as particular STIs may be known may differ in men. Gyagenda says that the uncircumcised men are especially more prone, since a lot of germs hide under the fore skin giving chance to infections to thrive. STIs are diseases transmitted through sexual intercourse. There are a number of sexually transmitted diseases, with different symptoms, and they can be spread through different forms of sex, be it vaginal, anal and oral sex. "The perception that if one avoids vaginal sex they will not catch STIs is wrong; whichever way you have sex predisposes you to these infections, as long as it is unsafe or unprotected sex," the doctor asserts. He explains the different STIs and how they are most likely to present in men compared to women. Gonorrhea Gonorrhea can infect the urethra, rectum, anus, and throat, usually appearing one to 10 days after exposure. It is a serious infection in women that reveals itself with a yellowish vaginal discharge and itching around the vaginal area. Untreated, gonorrhea can lead to a severe pelvic infection and swelling of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. In men, it carries symptoms that include a discharge from the anus if the rectum is infected, a burning sensation when passing urine and a yellow discharge from the penis. Syphilis A common STI with seemingly unserious or painless symptoms hence taking months or even years to identify, syphilis is a bacterial infection. A woman who has syphilis will have symptoms like skin rash that appears on her palms and the bottom of the feet, white patches in her mouth, nose and the vagina, a sore throat, headaches and fever. A man with syphilis will have symptoms like painless ulcers on the penis, a nonitchy rash on the penis and 'unserious fever'. The doctor however warns that despite its subtle symptoms, this infection can become serious, whether in men or women, if not treated. "This is a dangerous infection and if it goes untreated, one is most likely to get complications like a stricture, where the urethra gets blocked, making it uneasy to pass urine," says the doctor emphasising that this could even lead to death. Chlamydia Also a bacterial infection, chlamydia is, according to Dr Gyagenda, common in people with different sex partners. In women, it will present a vaginal discharge, frequent urination, pain while passing urine, pain during sexual intercourse, bleeding after having sex and lower abdominal pains. Among men, the doctor says that the symptoms are more likely the same as those of gonorrhea; a burning sensation when passing urine, discharge from the penis and discharge from the rectum (anus). Trichomoniasis This infection is caused by an organism transmitted during sexual intercourse. In both women and men, transmission is usually through anal, oral or vaginal sex with an infected person. Trichomoniasis is associated Continued on page 26 -25- Traditional African Clinic October 2011
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