Specialist Group on ANAEROBIC DIGESTION Newsletter - IWA

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Microbial community structure in anaerobic degradation of terephthalate and phenol by CHEN Chia-Lung (ccl9@np.edu.sg) Institution: Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Singapore New PhD Contact: Ngee Ann Polytechnic Centre of Innovation in Environmental & Water Technology Blk 34, #01-01, 535 Clementi Road, Singapore 599489 +65-64607091 (office) +65-96757041 (mobile) ccl9@np.edu.sg chialung.chen@gmail.com Supervisors: Assoc. Prof. Wen-Tso LIU Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA; Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore Prof. Ong Say Leong Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore Abstract: Microbial community structures in the anaerobic (methanogenic) biological processes treating terephthalate- and phenol-containing wastewaters were characterized using 16S rRNA gene-based molecular techniques. The overall results showed that the methanogenic microbial communities involved in terephthalate and phenol degradation were temperature-dependent, and the main microbial populations were phylogenetically closely related. In addition, phenol-degrading enrichment cultures can also degrade terephthalate and benzoate, suggesting that these phenol-degrading consortia could be used as the seeding sludge for a bioreactor treating terephthalate, or as a co-substrate to enrich terephthalate-degrading microbial consortia, shortening the reactor start-up time. Syntrophorhabdaceae (formerly known as Deltaproteobacteria group TA; oval-shaped), Pelotomaculum- (fat-rod, some of which may contain spherical spores at the central of cells), and Methanosaeta-related cells (filamentous bamboo-shaped or rods with flat-ends) were found as the most predominant microbial populations involved in anaerobic terephthalate and phenol degradation. List of publications: Chia-Lung Chen, Jer-Horng Wu, I-Cheng Tseng, Teh-Ming. Liang and Wen-Tso Liu. Characterization of active microbes in a full-scale anaerobic fluidized bed reactor treating phenolic wastewater. Microbes and Environments (Accepted, published online 25-Apr-2009). Chia-Lung Chen, Jer-Horng Wu and Wen-Tso Liu (2008). Identification of important microbial populations in the mesophilic and thermophilic phenol-degrading methanogenic consortia. Water Research 42, 1963-1976. Chia-Lung Chen, Hervé Macarie, Ignacio Ramirez, Alejandro Olmos, Say Leong Ong, Oscar Monroy and Wen- Tso Liu. (2004). Microbial community structure in a thermophilic anaerobic hybrid reactor degrading terephthalate. Microbiology 150, 3429-3440. IWA <strong>Specialist</strong> <strong>Group</strong> on Anaerobic Digestion 14 June 2009 Newsletter
Optimization of fermentation conditions in batch and continuous hydrogen production by Gustavo Dávila-Vázquez (gdv@ciatej.net.mx) Institution: Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica. División de Ciencias Ambientales. Camino a la Presa San José 2055. Lomas 4ª Sección. San Luis Potosí, SLP. México. 78216 New PhD Contact: Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco. Unidad de Tecnología Ambiental. Av. Normalistas 800. Colinas de la Normal. Guadalajara, Jal. México. 44270 gdv@ciatej.net.mx gdv76@prodigy.net.mx Supervisors: Dr. Elías Razo-Flores and Dr. Antonio de León-Rodríguez Abstract: Hydrogen (H 2 ) is seen as a future energy carrier. Because compared to hydrocarbons, it contains 2.75-times more energy by weight, besides the fact that its combustion only generates steam as by-product. H 2 can be also used for electricity generation with the aid of fuel cells, without the production of greenhouse gases. Around the 95% of the H 2 used in industry is now produced from hydrocarbons, which makes this process unsustainable. On the other hand, biohydrogen (Bio-H 2 ) generated from biomass, is a sustainable energetic alternative which is also neutral in greenhouse gases emission. Some microorganisms are capable of produce Bio-H 2 under anaerobic conditions, from a wide range of organic substrates. In this thesis, the production of Bio-H 2 was studied with glucose, lactose and cheese whey (CW) as substrates, in batch and continuous experiments and heat-treated anaerobic granular sludge as inoculum. The effect of initial pH and initial substrate concentration on both the hydrogen molar yield (HMY) and volumetric Bio-H 2 production rate (VHPR) was studied for the three substrates in batch experiments. Both, higher HMY and VHPR obtained in batch experiments were found at higher initial pH than commonly reported as optima in the literature. Furthermore, CW was selected to assess Bio-H 2 production with two different media (A and B) due to the high HMY and VHPR obtained, and because CW is an industrial by-product. The microbial community analysis showed differences in the microorganisms present for the experiments with each medium. Clostridium and Enterobacter species dominated with the use of medium B, while experiments with medium A only showed the presence of a proteobacterium. Consequently, the use of mineral medium B yielded around twice the VHPR than the obtained with medium A, while HMY had a slight increase with the use of medium B. Finally, a continuous stirred tank reactor was operated for 65.6 days using CW as substrate, supplemented with mineral medium B. Three hydraulic retention times (HRT: 10, 6 and 4h) were tested attaining the highest VHPR at 6h. Moreover, four organic loading rates (OLR) were evaluated at a fixed HRT of 6h. The highest VHPR, 46.61 mmol H 2 /l/h and HMY of 2.8 mol H 2 /mol lactose were attained at an OLR of 138.6 g lactose/l/d. The dominant bacterial species at HRT of 10 and 6h belonged to the Clostridium genus. The VHPR obtained here in continuous experiments is the highest reported for a stirred tank reactor inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge using LS as substrate. The enhancements of both HMY and VHPR are critical to assess the full-scale practical application of fermentative processes, which are now considered as potential primary generators of sustainable energy in the near future. List of publications: Davila-Vazquez, G., et al. (2008). Fermentative biohydrogen production: Trends and perspectives. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol. 7(1):27-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11157-007-9122-7 Davila-Vazquez, G., et al. (2008). Fermentative hydrogen production in batch experiments using lactose, cheese whey and glucose: Influence of initial substrate concentration and pH. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 33(19):4989- 4997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.06.065 Davila-Vazquez, G., et al. (2009). Continuous biohydrogen production using cheese whey: Improving the hydrogen production rate. Int J Hydrogen Energy. In press. http://dx.doi.org10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.02.063 IWA <strong>Specialist</strong> <strong>Group</strong> on Anaerobic Digestion June 2009 Newsletter 15
Page 1 and 2: Specialist <strong
Page 3 and 4: MANAGEMENT COMITEE OF THE AD SPECIA
Page 5 and 6: NEWS FROM THE WORLD ON ANAEROBIC DI
Page 7 and 8: CHANGES OF AFFILIATION Largus (Lars
Page 9 and 10: The International Workshop on Strat
Page 11 and 12: BOOKS AND PUBLICATIONS Anaerobic Bi
Page 13: PhD THESES ON ANAEROBIC DIGESTION B
Page 17 and 18: Study of the effect of process para
Page 19 and 20: Characterization and treatment of g
Page 21 and 22: Research and design of small scale
Page 23 and 24: Mesophilic Fermentative Hydrogen Pr
Page 25 and 26: Modeling Microbial Diversity in Ana
Page 27 and 28: Effects of Macrolide Antimicrobials
Page 29 and 30: ONGOING ANAEROBIC DIGESTION PROJECT
Page 31 and 32: ANAMIX - Assessment of rheological
Page 33: ANAEROBIC URL SITES Teaching, aware

Specialist Group on ANAEROBIC DIGESTION Newsletter - IWA

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?