Durability of concrete: ability to resist weathering action, chemical ...

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Magnesium Sulfate Attack • MgSO 4 +Ca(OH) 2 +2H 2 O CaSO 4 ∙2H 2 O + Mg(OH) 2 • 3MgSO 4 + 3CaO∙2SiO 2 ∙3H 2 O + 8H 2 O 3CaSO 4 ∙2H 2 O + 3Mg(OH) 2 + 2SiO 2 ∙H 2 O • The conversion of calcium hydroxide to gypsum is accompanied by the simultaneous formation of relatively insoluble magnesium hydroxide. • In the absence of hydroxyl ions in the solution C-S-H is no longer stable and is also attacked by the sulfate solution. • The magnesium sulfate attack is, therefore, more severe on concrete. CE 60 Instructor: Paulo Monteiro
Factors Influencing Sulfate Attack • Amount and nature of the sulfate present • Level of the water table and its seasonal variation • Flow of groundwater and soil porosity • Form of construction • Quality of concrete CE 60 Instructor: Paulo Monteiro
Page 1 and 2: Durability Durability of concrete:
Page 3 and 4: Water in the Capillary CE 60 Instru
Page 5 and 6: Permeability of Cement Paste •Age
Page 7 and 8: Permeability of Aggregate • Compa
Page 9 and 10: Permeability of Aggregates Type of
Page 11 and 12: Physical Causes of Concrete Deterio
Page 13 and 14: 3. Deterioration by Frost Action Pr
Page 15 and 16: 3. Deterioration by Frost Action Ai
Page 17 and 18: This image cannot currently be disp
Page 19 and 20: Factors Controlling Frost Resistanc
Page 21 and 22: Consequence CE 60 Instructor: Paulo
Page 23 and 24: Effect of High Temperature •Effec
Page 25 and 26: Electrochemical Process of Steel Co
Page 27 and 28: Carbonation of Concrete Painting wi
Page 29 and 30: ASR Chemistry 1) The high pH in the
Page 31 and 32: ASR Optical Image CE 60 Instructor:
Page 33 and 34: ASR Damage Examples Built in 1965,
Page 35 and 36: Sulfate Attack Importance • Sulfa
Page 37 and 38: Expansion of Concrete • When conc
Page 39 and 40: Expansive Reaction • C 3 A + 3C$H
Page 41: Sodium Sulfate Attack • Na 2 SO 4
Page 45: ACI Building Code 318 • Severe at

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