Report on Global Monitoring Project Pesticide Research Laboratory ...

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Follow-up studies performed in children of women accidentally exposed to high levels of PCBs and related compounds (Japanese and Taiwanese rice oil incidents) have demonstrated a variety of health effects, e.g., lower birth weight, hyper pigmentation, conjunctivitis, nail changes, and developmental delay; these are similar to toxic effects reported in animal studies (5, 6). Newborns of mothers who reported consumption of PCB-contaminated fish from Lake Michigan showed lower birth weight (7) and lower IQ scores at school-age (8). In Jamaica there is widespread application of PCB and hence the risk or health hazards may be just as common. For example, in Jamaica, areas of transformer oil storage or transformer explosion, PCBs, has been detected in soil samples at concentrations of 4.8 mg/kg and 8.7mg/kg respectively (9). However the health effects of exposure to PCBs and related compounds have not been explored. More importantly the cumulative effects of POPs on infants from breast milk from exposed mothers have not been investigated. The WHO has recently recommended exclusive breastfeeding up to six months of life to achieve optimal growth, development and health (WHO) (10). Infants who are exclusively breastfed for six months, experience less morbidity from pneumonia and gastrointestinal morbidity than those who are partially breastfed or not breastfed (11), and no long term deficits have been demonstrated in growth among infants from either developing or developed countries who are exclusively breastfed for six months or longer (12).Additionally breastfeeding is cheaper, is associated with significantly higher mental development scores than formula-fed infants . However the effect of sustained consumption of breast milk contaminated with environmental toxins such as POP‟s on infants growth and mental development is unclear. More importantly the cumulative levels of POPs in human breast milk have not been investigated. It is hence necessary, that we seek to measure the levels of the POPs that maybe present in breast milk, thus providing information for policy makers to embark on crucial plan of actions to minimize exposure and/or emissions of these toxins.
Methodology The survey included collecting human milk samples from 50 first-time mothers whose milk samples were analyzed for POPs. Milk samples were collected from mothers living in rural and urban Jamaica in order to provide a representation of the country‟s population. Informed consent were obtained from the mothers who satisfied the specified eligibility criteria which included age
Page 1 and 2: Report on Global M
Page 3: Preamble: The titled project was in
Page 7 and 8: Training Programme: All samples wer
Page 9 and 10: hexane and then, 6 g of activated f
Page 11 and 12: Aldrin 25.6 12.9 Endosulfan I 79.4
Page 13 and 14: UNEP Inter-calibration 2010-2011 (P
Page 15 and 16: Basic POPs Results Sample type: Hum
Page 17 and 18: PCDD/Fs Results Sample type: Human
Page 19 and 20: PCB Results (cont’d) Sample type:
Page 21 and 22: -HCH 0.009 0.053 -HCH 0.044 0.0004
Page 23 and 24: Upper-bound Please enter NDs with t
Page 25 and 26: 0.00001 PCB 167 52.05 51.16 0.0001
Page 27 and 28: 0.00001 PCB 167 52.05 51.16 0.0001
Page 29 and 30: 11:30 am - 12:00 noon: Presentation

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