Frame Relay

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DTE to DCE protocol (Q.922) • Frame delimited by flags (bit stuffing used) • Frame based on HDLC • Variable frame length (max 8/16kB) • Multiple frame formats (historical reasons) • IETF (RFC1490) • (older) CISCO frame: 4B header © 2005 Petr Grygarek, Advanced Computer Networks Technologies 16
Frame header fields (1) • DLCI – Data Link Connection Identifier • C/R (Command/Response) bit • currently unused (maintained for compatibility with HDLC) • EA (Extended Address) • if set to 1, current byte is the last addressing byte (otherwise another byte follows) • Provides capability to extend DLCI in the future • Current implementations all use 2B address field © 2005 Petr Grygarek, Advanced Computer Networks Technologies 17
Page 1 and 2: Frame Relay Petr Grygárek rek © 2
Page 3 and 4: Infrastructure and DTEs Most-common
Page 5 and 6: VC Principle FR Switch I 1 I 2 I 1
Page 7 and 8: Virtual circuit configuration (FR s
Page 9 and 10: Virtual circuit advantages • Requ
Page 11 and 12: Local access loop •Subscriber con
Page 13 and 14: Frame Relay Standardization Bodies
Page 15: User-to-Network Interface (UNI) ©
Page 19 and 20: Multiprotocol encapsulation Frame h
Page 21 and 22: Local Management Interface (LMI) ©
Page 23 and 24: LMI frame • Carried in normal FR
Page 25 and 26: Congestion avoidance and recovery
Page 27 and 28: Congestion recovery implementation
Page 29 and 30: FR virtual circuit QoS parameters P
Page 31 and 32: Traffic policing and traffic shapin
Page 33 and 34: Traffic shaping /rate limiting •
Page 35 and 36: Leaky bucket Algorithm Provides a m
Page 37 and 38: Token Bucket Implementation • FR
Page 39 and 40: TCP/IP over Frame Relay © 2005 Pet
Page 41 and 42: Typical Frame Relay usage topologie
Page 43 and 44: Relationship between IP subnets and
Page 45 and 46: Frame Relay (sub)interface types
Page 47 and 48: Inverse ARP (INARP) INARP allows au
Page 49 and 50: DV routing updates problems • Dis
Page 51 and 52: OSPF • Frame-relay cloud represen
Page 53 and 54: FR multicast support • All multic

Frame Relay

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