Elementary Logic

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Outline Propositions and Inferences Propositional Logic Syntax and Semantics Proofs Natural Deduction Meta-Theorems Predicates and Inferences First-Order Logic Syntax Substitutions Semantics Natural Deduction Meta-Theorems First-Order Theory References Yih-Kuen Tsay (SVVRL @ IM.NTU) Elementary Logic FLOLAC 2011 2 / 64
Propositions A proposition is a statement that is either true or false such as the following: Leslie is a teacher. Leslie is rich. Leslie is a pop singer. Simplest (atomic) propositions may be combined to form compound propositions: Leslie is not a teacher. Either Leslie is not a teacher or Leslie is not rich. If Leslie is a pop singer, then Leslie is rich. Yih-Kuen Tsay (SVVRL @ IM.NTU) Elementary Logic FLOLAC 2011 3 / 64
Page 1: Elementary Logic (Based on [Gallier
Page 5 and 6: Symbolic Propositions Propositions
Page 7 and 8: Propositional Logic: Syntax Vocabul
Page 9 and 10: About Boolean Expressions Boolean e
Page 11 and 12: Truth Assignment and Valuation The
Page 13 and 14: Truth Assignment and Satisfaction W
Page 15 and 16: Object vs. Meta Language The langua
Page 17 and 18: Tautology and Validity A propositio
Page 19 and 20: Relating the Logical Connectives Le
Page 21 and 22: Semantic Entailment Consider two se
Page 23 and 24: Sequents (cont.) A sequent A 1 , A
Page 25 and 26: Proofs A deduction tree is a tree w
Page 27 and 28: Detour: Some Laws for Calculational
Page 29 and 30: Natural Deduction (cont.) Γ, A ⊢
Page 31 and 32: Soundness and Completeness Theorem
Page 33 and 34: Consistency Lemma A set Γ of propo
Page 35 and 36: Inferences We are given the followi
Page 37 and 38: Symbolic Inferences We are given th
Page 39 and 40: First-Order Logic: Syntax (cont.) T
Page 41 and 42: First-Order Logic: Syntax (cont.) W
Page 43 and 44: Free Variables Formally Defined For
Page 45 and 46: Bound Variables Formally Defined Fo
Page 47 and 48: Substitutions (cont.) Suppose we ch
Page 49 and 50: Substitutions Formally Defined (con
Page 51 and 52: Semantics of First-Order Logic Sinc
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Satisfiability and Validity A formu
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Quantifier Rules of Natural Deducti
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Equality Rules of Natural Deduction
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Compactness Theorem For any (possib
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Theory Assume a fixed first-order l
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Theorems A theorem is just a statem
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Elementary Logic

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