Biochemistry, Final Exam Review game01_solutions.doc 1 6/7/03

Biochemistry, Final Exam Review 

game01_solutions.doc 1 6/7/03


Single Jeopardy Answers 

Tools 

Pts Answer Question 

50 This method uses a graph of log MW vs. relative 

mobility to determine the apparent MW of a 

protein sample. 

100 This equation is used in UV absorption 

spectroscopy to determine the concentration of 

DNA in solution. 

150 This method is used to determine the precise mass 

of a protein molecule. 

200 This experimental method generates specific What is site-directed mutagenesis 

missense mutations in polypeptide chains for the 

purpose of testing the functional or structural role 

of a specific amino acid side chain. 

250 This experimental method determines the precise 

binding site of protein on its nucleic acid ligand. 

What is protein footprinting 

Cofactors and Coenzymes 


50 This metal ion is required for the protease activity What is Zn 2+ 

of carboxypeptidase. 

100 This coenzyme serves as a methyl donor for a What is coenzyme A 

variety of enzymes. 

150 This vitamin is a monomeric precursor of the What is vitamin A 

photoreactive pigment in rhodopsin. 

200 This organic molecule in hemoglobin contains a What is heme 

protoporphyrin ring with Fe(II) in either the high 

or low spin state. 

250 In the dark, this coenzyme serves as the 

photoreactive center of rhodopsin. 

What is 11-cis-retinal 



Protein Function 


50 This is a specific term for an antibody elicited What is Abzyme 

against a transition state analog. 

100 The major function of this protein is to transport What is hemoglobin 

oxygen in mammalian red blood cells. 

150 This protein catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of What is ribonuclease A 

RNA molecules on the 3’ side of pyrimidine 

residues. 

200 This general type of enzyme catalyzes the transfer What is protein kinase 

of a phosphoryl group to a serine, threonine or 

tyrosine side chain in a protein substrate. 

250 This general type of enzyme catalyzes the 

hydrolytic release of inorganic phosphate from a 

protein substrate. 

What is phosphatase 

4. Experimental Results 


50 This type of curve provides evidence for the noncooperative 

oxygen binding of myoglobin. 

100 The use of this chemical provides evidence of the 

importance of quaternary structure for the 

allosteric behaviour of hemoglobin. 

150 This experimental value is equal to the partial 

pressure of oxygen under conditions in which 1/2 

of the myoglobin molecules in solution are 

saturated with oxygen. 

200 This type of curve provides evidence of the 

cooperative binding of hemoglobin. 

250 This type of plot gives a direct numerical measure 

of the degree of cooperativity from its maximum 

slope. 



5. Amino Acids 


50 This amino acid is the bulkiest of the hydrophobic What is tryptophan 

residues. 

100 This amino acid exists as a charged and 

What is histidine 

uncharged species at physiological pH. 

150 This polar amino acid bears a close chemical What is tyrosine 

similarity to phenylalanine. 

200 This amino acid is the smallest of the acidic What is aspartic acid 

residues. 

250 At physiological pH, this residue is an analog of 

guanidinium. 

What is arginine 

6. Ribosomes 


50 This molecule serves as the template for protein What is mRNA 

synthesis catalyzed by the ribosome. 

100 Each decoding event in the A site of the 

What is a codon 

eubacterial ribosome requires this portion of the 

mRNA template. 

150 Peptidyl transferase activity is contained in this 

component of the eubacterial ribosome. 

What is 23S rRNA in the 50S 

ribosome subunit 

200 This component of the eubacterial 30S ribosome 

subunit is involved in selecting the initiation 

What is the 3’ end or anti Shine 

Dalgarno region of 16S rRNA 

region of the mRNA. 

250 This hypothesis is a working model for the 

nucleotide interactions that occur during decoding 

in the ribosomal A site. 

What is the wobble hypothesis 



Double Jeopardy Answers 

1. Proteins 


100 This type of amino acid isomer is generally found What is the L-isomer 

in proteins on earth. 

200 This type of chemical bond forms the linkage What is peptide bond 

between each residue in the polypeptide 

backbone. 

300 This type of protein secondary structure can fit What is the alpha helix 

into the major helix of B form DNA. 

400 This general feature of protein structure is found What is quaternary structure 

in oligomeric but not monomeric proteins. 

500 This term is used to define the pH of an aqueous 

solution at which a protein has a net charge of 

zero; this normally defines pH at which the 

protein is most insoluble. 

What is the isoelectric pH 

2. Enzyme Kinetics 


100 It is thought that enzymes accelerate chemical 

reaction rates as a result of lowering this type of 

barrier. 

200 This Michaelis Menten parameter is defined as 

the number of substrate molecules converted to 

product per second when the enzyme is saturated 

with substrate. 

300 This Michaelis Menten parameter is defined as 

1/2 of the maximal reaction velocity. 

400 An enzyme is called perfect when the ratio of 

these two parameters is equivalent to the rate of 

diffusion of substrate into the active site. 

500 This type of inhibitor increases the Km but has no 

effect on the Vmax of the reaction catalyzed. 

What is transition state energy or 

activation energy 

What is k cat 

What is K m 

What is k cat /K m 

What is competitive inhibitor 



3. tRNAs 


100 This sequence is at the end of every uncharged, What is CCA 

mature tRNA. 

200 The amino acid of any charged tRNA is 

What is amino acid acceptor stem 

chemically attached to this stem of the tRNA. 

300 This chemical bond joins the amino acid and the What is the aminoacyl bond 

charged tRNA. 

400 These enzymes attach a specific amino acid to its 

cognate tRNA in the presence of ATP. 

What are the amino acyl 

tRNAsynthetases 

500 This molecule serves as an adaptor for the 

translation of the mRNA open reading frame into 

a polypeptide sequence. 

What is a charged tRNA 

4. Antibiotics 


100 This antibiotic is lethal to some bacteria because What is penicillin 

it serves as a suicide inhibitor of enzymes 

involved in cell wall biosynthesis. 

200 This protein toxin can be lethal to humans What is Diphtheria toxin 

because it catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of 

elongation factor 2. 

300 This antibiotic is used to treat some antibiotic What is clavulanic acid 

resistant bacterial strains because it is a suicide 

inhibitor of beta-lactamase. 

400 This antibiotic is an analog of aminoacyl tRNA, What is puromycin 

which induces premature release of the nascent 

polypeptide chain. 

500 Low levels of this antibiotic in eubacteria induce 

miscoding of protein synthesis. 

What is streptomycin 



5. Enzymes - Catalysis 


100 This is the term used to describe the change in What is Induced fit 

enzyme conformation upon substrate binding. 

200 This is the name of the cleft or surface of an What is active site 

enzyme where the substrate is transformed into 

product. 

300 This thermodynamic parameter describes the What is K s 

affinity of a Michaelis Menten enzyme for its 

substrate. 

400 This kinetic parameter is thought to describe the What is kcat 

catalytic power of an enzyme. 

500 Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions in the 

forward direction when the reaction exhibits this 

numerical change in Gibbs free energy. 

What is less than zero; negative 

6. Ribozymes 


100 This metal ion is generally required for substrate What is Mg 2+ 

binding and/or catalytic activity of ribozymes. 

200 Ribozyme activity is highly sensitive to treatment What is urea 

with this chemical denaturant. 

300 This catalytic activity of the ribosome is known to 

be RNA based. 

What is peptidyl transferase 

activity 

400 This type of chemical reaction is catalyzed by 

ribonuclease P. 

What is hydrolysis of the 5’ 

extension of pre-tRNA 

500 This mode of ribozyme-substrate recognition is 

directed by Watson Crick base pairing. 

What is template recognition

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