Lab #7: Introduction to the Kingdom Animalia

More documents

Recommendations

Info

a. Why would this type of symmetry lead to cephalization 3. Out of all the organisms you examined, is there a particular pattern between the organisms that have bilateral symmetry Radial symmetry Make sure to consider morphology. ______________________________________________________________________________ Task 4: Developmental patterns in bilateral animals: Protostomes vs. Deuterostomes Bilateral animals follow two major patterns of embryonic development. Based on these patterns, they are classified as either deuterostomes or protostomes. In deuterostomes, the blastopore (first embryonic opening) becomes the anus, while in protostomes the blastopore becomes the mouth. Also, cleavage, the initial process of cell division after a zygote is formed, differs in the two lineages; in protostomes, cleavage is spiral while in deuterostomes, it is radial (Fig 6). The separation of the metazoans (multicellular animals) into two separate lineages, suggests an evolutionary divergence of the bilateral body plan. This suggests that deuterostomes and protostomes are separate, monophyletic lineages (See Fig 2). 12
Examine the animals noted under the “Example species” row in Table 4. Table 6.4 Protostomes Deuterostomes Cleavage type Spiral Radial Blastopore Mouth Anus becomes Representative Phyla Platyhelminthes, Arthropoda, Annelida, Mollusca, Nematoda, and smaller phyla Chordata, Echinodermata, and smaller phyla Example species Nematoda - Ascaris Sea star – Asterias Drawing ______________________________________________________________________________ Task 5: Describing positions in bilaterally symmetrical animals For a large portion of this course you will be examining bilaterally symmetrical animals from various phyla. You must understand that these terms differ depending on which organism you’re referring to, a biped or a quadruped. A biped, such as a human, is an animal that walks only on its hind limbs while a quadruped, such as a rat, is an animal that walks on all fours. To be able to locate and refer to specific regions of animal bodies, we will use terminology listed in Table 6.5 and 6.6. 13
Page 1 and 2: General Biology II Lab Lab #6: Intr
Page 3 and 4: hierarchiral level of organization
Page 5 and 6: Questions: 1. Can you suggest why,
Page 9 and 10: Examine the organisms listed in Tab
Page 11: Compare and contrast the different
Page 15 and 16: Frontal plane Sagittal plane Transv

Lab #7: Introduction to the Kingdom Animalia

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?