Druckschrift 99810454, New Broadcast Antenna Solutions for Digital ...

DVB
New Broadcast Antenna Solutions
for Digital Terrestrial TV
DVB-T, ISDB-T, ATSC, DVB-H and T-DMB

Kathrein
KATHREIN – The world’s leading antenna manufacturer
Kathrein, founded in 1919, is an international company
operating in the communications engineering field,
focussed on the manufacture of antennas.
For over 50 years Kathrein has been a reliable partner in
the field of FM radio and TV transmitting antenna
systems. Our strength lies in the customized solutions
we offer for even the most difficult technical challenges,
such as special radiation characteristics or protection
against extreme environmental conditions.
Kathrein not only offers top-quality components for
broadcasting systems, but also provides all related
services.
Recently, Kathrein has been developing a wide variety
of new broadcast antenna solutions especially for digital
audio and video broadcasting.
DVB-T antenna, Tuntex and Chien-Tai Building, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
With 378 m in height and 85 floors it is the seventh high building in the
world.
2
Kathrein is the global market leader in the field of basestation
antennas for cellular networks, with monthly
production exceeding 100,000 units. Our customer-base
includes all major system integrators, as well as over
240 network operators world-wide. Kathrein’s basestations
antennas not only offer impressive electrical
specifications, but also focus on well thought-out
mechanical design, resulting in outstanding product
durability.
From this vast experience with both broadcast as well
as mobile communication customers, Kathrein is ideally
prepared for the convergence of both technologies.
Digital broadcasting is just under way, now being introduced
all over the world, and Kathrein, as a technology
leader, has also been participating with special antenna
solutions in following countries so far:
Albania
Algeria
Argentina
Austria
Brazil
China
Czech Republic
France
Germany
Great Britain
India
Indonesia
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Myanmar
Namibia
Netherlands
Norway
Slovakia
South Africa
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Turkey
United States
Photo on title page: Installation of UHF-DVB-T Antenna “Leipzig” (Germany) by Helicopter

DVB-T
DVB-H / T-DMB trial projects in Germany
DVB-T roll-out in Germany
(Status July 2006)
Germany has implemented a very tight schedule to fully convert its terrestrial television broadcasting systems from
analogue to digital by 2010. Since 2003 Kathrein has been installing and modifying 50 antenna systems at major transmitting
sites for the German Telekom T-Systems and the public broadcasting authorities.
Eighteen of these antenna systems were put into place by helicopter. Even though this installation method was
previously considered risky, Kathrein has been able to carry out this work without any complications or delays.
1 Berlin Alexanderplatz
2 Berlin Schäferberg
3 Berlin Scholzplatz
4 Cologne
5 Bonn
6 Hanover (Telemax Tower)
7 Hanover (Hemmingen)
8 Braunschweig (Broitzem)
9 Braunschweig (Kraftwerk)
10 Bremen
11 Bremerhaven (Schiffdorf)
12 Steinkimmen
13 Frankfurt
14 Wiesbaden
15 Feldberg (Taunus District)
16 Hamburg (Telemichel Tower)
17 Hamburg (Rosengarten)
18 Hamburg (Höltigbaum)
19 Dortmund
20 Wesel
21 Essen
22 Düsseldorf
23 Langenberg
24 Lübeck (Berkenthin)
25 Lübeck (Stockelsdorf)
26 Eutin (Bungsberg)
27 Flensburg
28 Kiel
29 Schleswig
30 Sibbesse
31 Munich
32 Wendelstein
33 Nuremberg
34 Dillberg
35 Halle
36 Leipzig
37 Erfurt
38 Marlow
39 Neumünster
40 Cuxhaven
41 Stuttgart
42 Heidelstein (Rhön District)
43 Bielstein
44 Heidelberg
45 Wuppertal
46 Minden
47 Stadthagen
48 Angelburg
49 Kassel (Habichtswald)
50 Würzberg
DVB-H and T-DMB trial projects in the following metropoles:
Berlin, Cologne, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Hanover, Munich, Stuttgart
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Main Transm
UHF Broadband Antennas on Steel Carriers
These arrays, consisting of newly- developed radomized 4-dipole panels, are designed for use in the UHF band
470 – 862 MHz. Radiation patterns with smooth and very constant shapes over the entire UHF band help to avoid
creating “bad channels”. Thus, these systems are extremely suitable for multi-channel, high-power master DTV stations.
In order to increase the gain, stacking of up to 16 bays is possible, allowing a power-handling capacity of more than
100 kW RMS. Interior access and climbing-safety installations (e.g. ASIR) are also possible.
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• on square steel carrier or open mounting structures
– Constant omni or directional pattern with circularity
< ±2 dB
– horizontal or vertical polarization
– VSWR < 1.2 over whole band
Horizontally polarized array
4 panels per bay
Panel model series K 72 32 4.
270 90
10
• on octagonal steel carrier
– Constant omni pattern with circularity
< ±1.5 dB
– vertical polarization
– VSWR < 1.2 over whole band
Vertically polarized array
8 panels per bay
Panel model series 750 10045
3
0
dB
0
180
0
0
180
470 MHz
550 MHz
650 MHz
750 MHz
860 MHz
470 MHz
550 MHz
650 MHz
750 MHz
860 MHz
270 90
10
3
dB
Vertically polarized array
4 panels per bay
Panel model series K 73 32 4.
270 90
10
3
0
0
180
Horizontal Patterns Horizontal Patterns
Horizontal Patterns
dB
470 MHz
550 MHz
650 MHz
750 MHz
860 MHz

itter Antennas
UHF Broadband Antennas in ∅ 1.6 m GRP Radome
For stations where there are very harsh environmental conditions (snow/ice), antenna arrays that are fully covered
by a GRP radome are recommended. For horizontal polarization and omnidirectional horizontal patterns, Superturnstile
elements are used. For vertical polarization and omni or directional patterns, specially developed panels are
implemented in square or octagonal structures.
All the above solutions are offered fully broadband over the 470 – 862 MHz range, which makes them highly suitable for
multi-channel master DTV stations. In order to increase the gain, stacking of up to 16 bays is possible, allowing a power
handling capacity of more than 100 kW RMS.
• Superturnstile antenna
– Constant omni pattern with circularity < ±1.5 dB
– horizontal polarization
– VSWR < 1.2 over whole band
• Octagonal panel structure
– Constant omni or directional pattern with circularity
< ±1.5 dB
– vertical polarization
– VSWR < 1.2 over whole band
– Building Block:
Panel Model 750 10041
Superturnstile antenna
in GRP radome
270 90
10
3
Vertically polarized array in GRP radome
8 panels per bay
270 90
10
3
0
dB
0
180
Horizontal Patterns
0
dB
0
180
Horizontal Patterns
470 MHz
550 MHz
650 MHz
750 MHz
860 MHz
470 MHz
550 MHz
650 MHz
750 MHz
860 MHz
5

UHF Omnidirectional Antennas
for Small to Medium-Power Sites
6
Gap
With the introduction of digital TV broadcasting, these services are now no longer restricted to stationary receivers with
roof-top Rx antennas, but also permit portable and mobile reception. However, in order to achieve a satisfactory grade of
coverage and to take account of the requirements for higher reference field strengths, gap-filling antennas may be
necessary, at least in urban areas and metropoles. Some broadcasters may even wish to design their networks by using
multiple small to medium power transmitters, similar to a cellular structure.
Kathrein’s portfolio of antennas for these applications includes versions from 400 W to 15 kW, all fully-assembled for
plug-and-play installation. They come fully-radomized, thus featuring very low wind-load figures. This makes them
especially suitable for DTV and DVB-H gap-filler stations.
Collinear omnidirectional antennas, 400 W,
K 73 20 4. series
Type No. / Order No. 750 10114 750 10115 750 10116
Frequency range 534 – 574 MHz 574 – 614 MHz 614 – 662 MHz
VSWR < 1.5
Gain (ref. λ/2-dipole) 7.5 dB 8 dB
Polarization Vertical
Max. power 400 W (at 50 °C ambient temperature)
Wind load (at 160 km/h) 250 N
Length 3113 mm
Omnidirectional antenna, 750 W,
K 73 20 4. series
Type No. / Order No. 750 10060
Frequency range 470 – 702 MHz
VSWR < 1.4
Gain (ref. λ/2-dipole) 3.0 – 4.5 dB
Polarization Vertical
Max. power 750 W (at 40 °C ambient temperature)
Wind load (at 160 km/h) 225 N
Height 1400 mm

iller Antennas
UHF Omnidirectional Antennas
for Small to Medium-Power Sites
Omnidirectional antenna, 1000 W,
K 73 20 4. series
Type No. / Order No. 750 10062
Frequency range 470 – 702 MHz
VSWR < 1.4
Gain (ref. λ/2-dipole) 5.5 – 7 dB
Polarization Vertical
Max. power 1 kW
(at 40 °C ambient temperature)
Wind load (at 160 km/h) 490 N
Height 1927 mm
Omnidirectional antenna, 15 kW,
K 72 20 4. series
Type No. / Order No. 750 10180
Frequency range 470 – 862 MHz
VSWR < 1.1
Gain (ref. λ/dipole) 12.1 dB at mid-band
Polarization Horizontal
Max. power 15 kW
(at 40 °C ambient temperature)
Windload (at 160 km/h) 3350 N
Height 8100 mm
7

UHF Indoor Antennas
8
Indoor
A very important feature of terrestrial digital TV is the possibility to serve hand-held receivers, namely mobile phones and
portable TV sets. Experts predict that around three quarters of the mobile-phone-television users will want to use this
service indoors, i.e. for example in airport waiting lounges, exhibition halls etc... However, depending on the building
structures concerned, building penetration losses of more than 10 dB may occur and make it almost impossible to
achieve the necessary field strenghts created by the main transmitter stations only.
For this reason, Kathrein has developed a variety of directional and omnidirectional indoor antennas especially suitable
for DVB-H applications. Their shape and appearance, derived from mobile communications technology, is very
inconspicuous and thus ideal for use in all such public places.
Directional Indoor Antenna
Type No. / Order No. 750 10120 750 10122 750 10124
Frequency range 470 – 534 MHz 534 – 614 MHz 614 – 702 MHz
VSWR < 2.0
Gain (ref. λ/2-dipole) Approx. 5 dB
Polarization Vertical
Max. power 50 W (at 50 °C ambient temperature)
Height/width/depth 302 x 243 x 50 mm
Bidirectional Indoor Antenna
Type No. / Order No. 750 10128
Frequency range 470 – 702 MHz
VSWR < 1.8
Gain (ref. λ/2-dipole) 2 dB
Polarization Vertical
Max. power (total) 500 W (at 50 °C ambient temperature)
Height/width/depth 310 / 55 / 190 mm
Omnidirectional Indoor Antenna
Type No. / Order No. 750 10130 750 10131 750 10132
Frequency range 470 – 558 MHz 550 – 638 MHz 574 – 702 MHz
VSWR < 2.0
Gain (ref. λ/2-dipole) Approx. 0 dB
Polarization Vertical
Max. power 50 W (at 50 °C ambient temperature)
Diameter 258 mm
Height 77 mm (without connector)
90°
10
3 dB
0
Horizontal Pattern
10
3 dB
0
200°
Horizontal Pattern

T-DMB
L-Band Antennas for Special Applications
The L-Band has already been used for T-DAB broadcasting services for some time now. Recently, T-DMB (Terrestrial
Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) was introduced at these frequencies (1452 – 1480 MHz). Due to its stability against
Doppler effects, T-DMB is a very practical standard for multimedia receiption in cars, but also used to provide TV for
hand-held receivers. The short wavelength of the L-Band requires very slim mounting structures or other techniques to
achieve good omnidirectional patterns. For this purpose Kathrein has developed several versions of well-established
L-Band panels for higher power and particular mounting applications:
Omnidirectional or directional
antenna array on steel tube
Building block: Panel 750 10153
P max = 400 W per panel
Omnidirectional Indoor Antenna
Type No. / Order No. 800 10177
Frequency range 824 – 960 MHz
1425 – 2170 MHz
VSWR 1425 – 1710 MHz: < 2.0
Gain (ref. λ/2-dipole) Approx. 0 dB
Polarization Vertical
Max. power (per band) 50 W (at 50 °C ambient temperature)
Diameter 265 mm
Height 84 mm (without connector)
Omnidirectional antenna array in
GRP cylinder
Building block: Panel 750 10099
P max = 400 W per panel
Models of L-Band panel 770 794
VSWR < 1.25
Gain 15 dBd
65° half power beamwidth
Height 1185 mm
9

T-DMB
L-Band Antennas for Special Applications –
Omnidirectional Antenna using Dual-Polarized Panels
Especially with new services, such as DVB-H and T-DMB the broadcasters often face the problem of having only largediameter
mast sections free for additional UHF and L-Band antennas. However, such mast sections do not permit the
mounting of panels in a compact and centric way in order to create smooth omnidirectional patterns. The resulting deep
minima caused by runtime delays may lead to blank spots in the coverage area.
One adequate solution for avoiding this effect is the use of pairs of dual-polarized radiating elements, particularly for
mobile and portable services.
If the radiating elements are all polarized in the same way, the minima would be created by the runtime-delays of the
overlapping signals of the different panels – see Figure 1.
Figure 1: 4 panels vertically polarized mounted with radius of r/λ = 2
Where dual-polarized pairs of panels are used as illustrated below, no deep minima will show up, because of the
different polarizations in the overlapping zones. As a result, all variations of slant and elliptical polarization may be
created at different angles, which will always provide good signal levels, but with different polarizations – see Figure 2.
Figure 2: Two pairs of orthogonally polarized panels. This setup works
even for large mounting radii r/λ
Since the polarization varies in the coverage area, such an antenna system is especially suitable for
digital mobile and portable broadcasting services where the polarization of the receiving antennas is
not precisely defined.
10
–45°
r
+45° +45°
–45°
r
270 90
10
3
0
dB
0
180
270 90
10
3
0
dB
0
180
Models 750 10094 (+45°) and 750 10194 (–45°)
L-Band Antenna Panel with 70° half-power beamwidth,
3 ° electrical downtilt
Max. power 500 W, height 1302 mm

RPCs
Typical Reference Planning Configurations (RPCs)
Technical Annex
for DVB-T
Source: ITU Regional Radiocommunication Conference RRC-06, Geneva
Reference Frequencies: VHF 200 MHz; UHF 650 MHz
Reference location probability: 95% (99% for mobile reception)
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In addition to the products and solutions shown in this brochure, Kathrein’s portfolio includes a full range of
broadcast antennas and accessories for FM, TV MMDS, DAB and DTV. Kindly contact us for further information
or see our current broadcast catalogues:
Internet: www.kathrein.de
Catalogue
Broadcast Antenna Systems
Brochure
50 Years of Kathrein FM and TV
KATHREIN-Werke KG . Telephone +49 8031 184-0 . Fax +49 8031 184-495
Anton-Kathrein-Straße 1 – 3 . P.O. Box 10 04 44 . D-83004 Rosenheim . Germany
Catalogue
Combiners and Filters for FM and TV
CD-ROM
Broadcast systems
(includes all printed catalogues and brochures)
9981.0454/0806/2/ZW/HA Subject to alteration.