Month 12 - Shri Chitrapur Math

Step by Step Sanskrit Learning Programme – Month 12 

Lesson 51. y[!siNx> , 

We have been dealing with the ‚/‚þ so far. The rest of the swaras can't 

wait to be discussed as well. 

These are the rules to follow: 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

First word 

Next word 

ending in beginning with Results in 

followed any other swara but for = 

#/ $ 

#/ $ changing to 

by 

#/ $ 

y! 

%/ ^ 

\/ \& 

l& / ¥ 

followed 

by 

followed 

by 

followed 

by 

any other swara but for 

%/ ^ 


\/ \& 


l& / ¥ 

= 

= 

= 

%/ ^ changing to 

v! 

\/ \& changing 

to r! 

l& / ¥ changing 

to l! 

Then the changed swara of the first word gets added to the swara of the 

next word AGAIN to form a new letter. 

Here are examples for each of them: 

1. àit + @km! 

àt! + y! + @km! = àTyekm! , 

2. mnu + AnNtrm! 

mn! + v! + AnNtrm! = mNvNtrm!! , 

3. ipt& + #CDa 

ipt! + r! + #CDa = ipiÇCDa , 

Level 1 - Month 12 lessons 51 – 53 B 

www.chitrapurmath.net © Shri Chitrapur Math 2002-2014 

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4. "Sl& + Aadez> 

"s! + l! + Aadez> = "Sladez> , 

The exercises with the y[!siNx> are in Lesson 51 A. 



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Lesson 51 A. Exercises with the y[!siNx> , 

siNx> 

1. œÏ¹·þ + ‚þ− = 

2. ‚›é + ‚¡þ: = 

3. ƒ¹·þ + ‚þ¹¸ = 

4. Ÿþþ·þ¼ + ‚þ£¹·þ: = 

5. ¹œþ·þ¼ + ‚þ±þþ = 

6. Ÿþšé + ‚¹£: = 

7. ·é + ‚˜þøÄ= 

8. ‚−¹›þ + ‚−¹›þ = 

9. ¬é + ‚þŠþ·þŸþÃ = 

10. ˆÅþ«Úþ¹›þ + ‚þ›ø·éŸþÃ = 

11. ‚¹œþ + ‚¹¬·þ = 

12. ¥þ¼ + ‚þˆ¼Å¹·þ: = 

siNxivCDed> , 

1. y*ip 

2. ipÇ 

3. saiXvdm! 

4. SmraMyhm! 

5. vSÇa{yuTpadyit 

6. #Tyip 

7. xaÇ 

8. mXvir> 

9. ATyuTtm> 



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10. pavRTyxuna 

11. #Tyai]Pt> 

12. _avTvxuna 



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siNx> 

Lesson 51 B. Answers to Lesson 51 A. 

1. œÏ¹·þ + ‚þ− = àTyah> , 

2. ‚›é + ‚¡þ: = ANvy> , 

3. ƒ¹·þ + ‚þ¹¸ = #Tyaid , 

4. Ÿþþ·þ¼ + ‚þ£¹·þ: = maÇarit> , 

5. ¹œþ·þ¼ + ‚þ±þþ = ipÇa}a , 

6. Ÿþšé + ‚¹£: = mXvir> , 

7. ·é + ‚˜þøÄ= TvwaeR , 

8. ‚−¹›þ + ‚−¹›þ = AhNyhin 

9. ¬é + ‚þŠþ·þŸþÃ = Svagtm! , 

10. ˆÅþ«Úþ¹›þ + ‚þ›ø·éŸþÃ = ka:QaNyanetum! , 

11. ‚¹œþ + ‚¹¬·þ = APyiSt , 

12. ¥þ¼ + ‚þˆ¼Å¹·þ: = lak&it> , 

siNxivCDed> , 

1. y*ip = yid + Aip , 

2. ipÇ = ipt& + A , 

3. saiXvdm! = saxu + #dm! , 

4. SmraMyhm! = Smraim + Ahm! , 

5. vSÇa{yuTpadyit = vSÇai[ + %Tpadyit , 

6. #Tyip = #it + Aip , 



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7. xaÇ = xat& + A , 

8. mXvir> = mxu + Air> , 

9. ATyuTtm> = Ait + %Ttm> , 

10. pavRTyxuna = pavRtI + Axuna , 

11. #Tyai]Pt> = #it + Aai]Pt> , 

12. _avTvxuna = _avtu + Axuna , 



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Lesson 52. Yaantavaantaadesha-sandhi. 

yaNtvaNtadezsiNx> , 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

First word 

Next word 

ending in beginning with Results in 

followed 

any swara = 

@ 

by 

@ changing to 

Ay! 

@e 

Aae 

AaE 

followed 

by 

followed 

by 

followed 

by 

any swara = 

any swara = 

any swara = 

@e changing to 

Aay! 

Aae changing to 

Av! 

AaE changing to 

Aav! 

Then the changed swara of the first word gets added to the swara of the 

next word AGAIN to form a new letter. 

Here are examples for each of them: 

1. hre + @tt! 

hr! + Ay! + @tt! = hryett! 

2. nE + Ak> 

n! + Aay! + Ak> = nayk> 

3. iv:[ae + @tt! 

iv:[! + Av! + @tt! = iv:[vett! 



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4. paE + Ak> 

p! + Aav! + Ak> = pavk> 



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Lesson 52 A. Exercises with the yaNtvaNtadezsiNx> , 

Do the sandhi for the following: 

1. hre @ 

2. tSmE #dm! 

3. gurae Aaidz 

4. balkaE AagtaE 

5. vE #h 

6. kqe %pveznm! 

7. )le #CDa 

8. iÖzavhE AaitRm! 

9. kraE @taE 

10. _aanae #h 

11. nraE %daraE 

12. taE @kda 

siNxivCDed> 

1. gurvuTsah> 

2. balavaejiSvnaE 

3. jnyuTk{Qa 

4. )liyCDa 

5. DaÇavvgtvNtaE 



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1. hre + @ = hrye 

Lesson 52 B. Answers to lesson 52 A. 

2. tSmE + #dm! = tSmaiydm! 

3. gurae + Aaidz = guravaidz 

4. balkaE + AagtaE = balkavagtaE 

5. vE + #h = vaiyh 

6. kqe + %pveznm! = kqyupveznm! 

7. )le + #CDa = )liyCDa 

8. iÖ;avhE + AaitRm! = iÖ;avhayaitRm! 

9. kraE + @taE = kravetaE 

10. _aanae + #h = _aanivh 

11. nraE + %daraE = nravudaraE 

12. taE + @kda = tavekda 

siNxivCDed> 

1. gurvuTsah> = gué + %Tsah> 

2. balavaejiSvnaE = balaE + AaejiSvnaE 

3. jnyuTk{Qa = jne + %Tk{Qa 

4. )liyCDa = )le + #CDa 

5. DaÇavvgtvNtaE = DaÇaE + AvgtvNtaE 



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Lesson 53. A Glimpse of Vyanjan Sandhi. 

When consonants join the joining bandwagon, we get, what you call, Vyanjan 

Sandhi..... VyÃn siNx> , One of the most frequently used sandhi is the 

þª·¨þ¬þ¹›šþ , We can do the rest of the VyÃn siNx> at a later date. 

þª·¨þ¬þ¹›šþ (1 ) Go by these rules: 

If a word ends with the first ¨¡þØþ›þ of the five ¨þŠþÄ s ( that is : either ˆÃÅ, þÃ, 

ÙÃ, ·þÃ or œþÃ ) and is the followed by a word beginning with any swara then that 

¨¡þØþ›þ of the first word gets transformed into the third ¨¡þØþ›þ of the same 

¨þŠþÄ. 

That is : 

ˆÃÅ + any swara becomes ŠþÃ 

þÃ + any swara becomes þÃ 

Ù + any swara becomes ÛÃ 

·þÃ + any swara becomes ¸Ã 

œþÃ + any swara becomes þÃ 

Then it gets added to the swara of the next word again to form a new letter. 

Try the exercises in 53 A. 



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Lesson 53 A. Further exercises with Sandhi. 

1. Do the sandhi of the following: 

1. ¨þþˆÃÅ + ƒÄªþ: = 

2. ¹¸ˆÃÅ + ‚Ÿþ£: = 

3. ‚þÃ + ‚›·þ: = 

4. ¬þ·þÃ + ‚þþþ£: = 

5. þŠþ·þÃ + ƒÄªþ: = 

6. ·þ·þÃ + ‚þ›þ¡þ = 

7. Ÿþ·þÃ + A»e = 

8. ¬éœþÃ + ‚›·þ: = 

2. Write the present and the past tense œÏ˜þŸþœé²«þ ‡ˆÅ¨þþ›þ forms of these 

xatu s + the upasargas. 

A good idea would be to go through the upasarga lesson again before you 

attempt to do this exercise. 

This exercise will help you figure out how the sandhi rules are applied with 

the past tense of a dhatu with an upasarga . 

Do remember, the A is added to the root dhatu. That means that you will 

be adding upasarga + A + dhatu for the past tense. One has been done for 

you. 

( Try and repeat the entire ¹ÇÅ¡þþœþ¸ table to yourself just to hear what the 

words sound like....that will help you identify the words whenever you next 

hear them.) 

The list is long, but for those of you who would like to improve your 

vocabulary, it is a treasure trove! 

1. œÏ¹·þ + ¨þ¸Ã ( to reply) àitvdit , àTyvdt! (àit +A +vd! ) 

2. ‚›é + þ£Ã ( to imitate) 

3. ‚›é + ·þœþÃ ( to repent) 

4. ¹¨þ + −£Ã ( to wander) 



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5. ¬þŸþÃ + −£Ã ( to kill) 

6. ‚›é + ›þ¡þÃ ( to cajole) 

7. „œþ + ›þ¡þÃ ( to wear the sacred thread) 

8. ‚þ + ›þ¡þÃ ( to bring) 

9. ¹›þ£Ã + ›þ¡þÃ (use it as µþ¡þÃ decide) 

10. ‚¹žþ + ›þ¡þÃ ( to act) 

11. œþ¹£ + ›þ¡þÃ ( use it as µþ¡þÃ to wed.) 

12. œþ¹£ + œþ·þÃ (to wander) 

13. œÏ +¹›þ + œþ·þÃ (to salute) 

14. ‚›é + žê ( žþ¨þ¹·þ) to experience. 

15. „¸Ã + žê to rise 

16. œþ£þ +žê to defeat 

17. œþ¹£ + žÏŸþÃ to make a journey. 

18. ¬þŸþÃ + žÏŸþÃ to be in a fix. 

19. ‚¹šþ+ ¨þ¬þÃ to live. 

20. ¹¨þ + ¨þ−Ã to marry 

21. ¬þŸþ + ¨þ−Ã to massage. 

22. œÏ + ¬þ¸Ã ( ¬þú¸¹·þ = sit ) to be pleased. 

23. ¬þŸþÃ + ¬Ÿþ¼ ( ¬Ÿþ£¹·þ) to recall carefully. 

24. ¹¨þ + ¬Ÿþ¼ to forget. 

25. ‚›é + ˆ¼Å ( ˆÅ£ø¹·þ) to imitate. 

26. ‚¹šþ + ˆ¼Å to take possession. 

27. ‚œþ + ˆ¼Å to act against someone. 

28. „œþ + ˆ¼Å to help 

29. œÏ¹·þ+ ˆ¼Å to decorate. 

30. ¹›þ£Ã +‚þ + ˆ¼Å to remove. 

31. ‚¨þ + ŠþŸþÃ ( to understand) 

32. „¸Ã + ŠþŸþÃ to rise. 

33. ‚þ + ŠþŸþÃ to come 

34. „œþ + ŠþŸþÃ to approach 



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35. ‚›é + ŠþŸþÃ to follow 

36. ¬þŸþ + ‚þ + ŠþŸþÃ to come together. 

37. ¹›þ£Ã + ŠþŸþÃ to go away. 

38. œÏ¹·þ + ŠþŸþÃ to go towards. 

39. œÏ¹·þ + ‚þ + ŠþŸþÃ to return. 



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Lesson 53 B Answers to Lesson 53 A. 

1. Do the sandhi of the following: 

1. ¨þþˆÃÅ + ƒÄªþ: = vagIz>, 

2. ¹¸ˆÃÅ + ‚Ÿþ£: = idgMbr> , 

3. ‚þÃ + ‚›·þ: = AjNt> , 

4. ¬þ·þÃ + ‚þþþ£: = sdacar>, 

5. þŠþ·þÃ + ƒÄªþ: = jgdIz> , 

6. ·þ·þÃ + ‚þ›þ¡þ = tdany , 

7. Ÿþ·þÃ + A»e = md»e 

8. ¬éœþÃ + ‚›·þ: = subNt> , 

2. The present and the past tense œÏ˜þŸþœé²«þ ‡ˆÅ¨þþ›þ forms of these 

Oççlçá s + the upasargas. 

1. œÏ¹·þ + ¨þ¸Ã ( to reply) àitvdit , àTyvdt! (àit +A +vd! ) 

2. ‚›é + þ£Ã ( to imitate) Anucrit , ANvcrt! , 

3. ‚›é + ·þœþÃ ( to repent) Anutpit , ANvtpt! , 

4. ¹¨þ + −£Ã ( to wander) ivhrit , Vyhrt! , 

5. ¬þŸþÃ + −£Ã ( to kill) s


12. œþ¹£ + œþ·þÃ (to wander) pirptit , pyRptt! , 

13. œÏ +¹›þ + œþ·þÃ (to salute) ài[ptit , à{yptt! , 

14. ‚›é + žê ( žþ¨þ¹·þ) to experience. Anu_avit , ANv_avt! , 

15. „¸Ã + žê to rise %Ñvit , %d_avt! , 

16. œþ£þ +žê to defeat pra_avit , pra_avt! , 

17. œþ¹£ + žÏŸþÃ to make a journey. piræmit , pyRæmt! , 

18. ¬þŸþÃ + žÏŸþÃ to be in a fix. sMæmit , smæmt! , 

19. ‚¹šþ+ ¨þ¬þÃ to live. Aixvsit , AXyvst! , 

20. ¹¨þ + ¨þ−Ã to marry ivvhit , Vyvht! , 

21. sm! + ¨þ−Ã to massage. s


33. ‚þ + ŠþŸþÃ to come AagCDit , AagCDt! , 

34. „œþ + ŠþŸþÃ to approach %pgCDit , %pagCDt! , 

35. ‚›é + ŠþŸþÃ to follow AnugCDit , ANvgCDt! , 

36. ¬þŸþ + ‚þ + ŠþŸþÃ to come together. smagCDit , smagCDt! , 

37. ¹›þ£Ã + ŠþŸþÃ to go away. ingRCDit , inrgCDt! , 

38. œÏ¹·þ + ŠþŸþÃ to go towards. àitgCDit , àTygCDt! , 



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Summing Up Month 12. 

Who said Month 11 had the shortest Summing Up Month 12 does. 

1. Some more Sandhis. Easy too. The difficult ones for much later. 



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Month 12 - Shri Chitrapur Math

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