HENRY MAYHEW (1812-1887) AND

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ABSTRACT London Labour und the London Poor (186 1-62) is one of England's most remarkable nineteenth-century urban documents. Henry Mayhew, journalist, playwright and novelist, paured the best of his life's work into London Labour, and the earlier Morning Clvonicle newspaper articles (1849-51) on which it was largely based London Labour encapsulates his mature thought and energy, and public attention, and at its most concentrated, it encapsulates a single intellectual pattern, the examination of Victorian badon's labouring pax seen through the communication and cultural prism of vernacular languages. And yet London Labour remains strangely unrecognized even though there is a substantial body of scholarship focused on Mayfiew's work, which I have examined. The challenge is to establish once again the theoretical power of Mayhew's vision of a Victorian society focused on urban relationships in the city. Reading Victorian London: Henry Mayhew (<strong>1812</strong>-<strong>1887</strong>) and London Labour and the London Poor (1861-62) considers how Victorian London was shapeb; Lonbon's spatial organization within the limit ations imposed by these structural determinations; and the patterning of group and class formations within this spatial domain. The communication issues of language - the increasingly secondary roles of the vernacular, the rise of modern reading communities, and the destruction or censorship of certain genres - are also examined The pivotal issues of folk culture, the labouring poor described as wandering tribes in the midst of Victorian civilization, are also examined as well as the significance of nimeenth-century travel literature for understanding these impartant issues. Lastly, the literary issues surrounding London Labour itself are also examined through the Menippean satire, which accounts for Mayhew's perplexing and sometimes violent juxtapositions of topics, genres, and attitudes. Fa Mayhew combined his philosophical and practical inquiries into the study of the street-folk's life, their entertainment, humour, and vernacular languages, Victotian socio-cultural history, adventure stories and travel literature, are combined in one literary genre, called the Menippean satire. I conclude that there is
the need for a more adequate theory of modern cities such as Victorian London, its history and cultures, which could be widened if scholars and journalists seriously included M am's Lon&n Labour and the London Poor in their discussions.
Page 1 and 2: READING VICTORIAN LONDON: HENRY MAY
Page 3: HENRY MAYHEW. CIk., 4-llr by mural
Page 7 and 8: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To Dr. Jerry ZasIo
Page 9 and 10: TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE / i AP
Page 11 and 12: Preface On the verge of tbe twenty-
Page 13 and 14: and to point out the contradictions
Page 15 and 16: and political changes. What was so
Page 17 and 18: Chapter 1 Reading Victorian London:
Page 19 and 20: significance of Mayhew's investigat
Page 21 and 22: axxi of politics. " Lastly, this di
Page 23 and 24: each otkr should be the main focus
Page 25 and 26: society. In this elabaation, the ba
Page 27 and 28: of wak and places of resicleoce. Ma
Page 29 and 30: sentantic opeoness. a Living com~ w
Page 31 and 32: (2) Mayhew's London: The Prototypic
Page 33 and 34: industrialism Imkd like in the citi
Page 35 and 36: dwellings lie the districts inhabit
Page 37 and 38: and nomadic street life, but also t
Page 39 and 40: h h n describes Lmdds ''extracrdina
Page 41 and 42: urlem." " which I argue are more ad
Page 43 and 44: Chronicle articles. Thompson and Ye
Page 45 and 46: subjects by trying to eliminate the
Page 47 and 48: ambitious saies but in tk d he was
Page 49 and 50: nineteenth-cenntry argument that th
Page 51 and 52: essay in 198 1 .IJ2 Fa Williams. ep
Page 53 and 54: of reception, histaical memory, and
Page 55 and 56:
consciousmss." Fa Taithe, Maykw "wr
Page 57 and 58:
the therxaicd structure and the par
Page 59 and 60:
clawst mend, Gilbat Abboct A'km ( I
Page 61 and 62:
prospaous." " Ad it was LoldoP tk c
Page 63 and 64:
severely cens
Page 65 and 66:
William Hogarth (1 697- 1 764) ", a
Page 67 and 68:
to the continuing trade union movem
Page 69 and 70:
Karel Williams, s2 Maybew m y have
Page 71 and 72:
In Septemba 1849, Mayhew went to Ba
Page 73 and 74:
tfiem fm LoaQa Fa the first time Ca
Page 75 and 76:
year. first daily, then wePkly with
Page 77 and 78:
tbe channels of infarnation opemj t
Page 79 and 80:
phases as they will work, they can'
Page 81 and 82:
~andtbelnasofCourt, wereto befouadi
Page 83 and 84:
armmy he was fad into a gram commiw
Page 85 and 86:
examird a distinct aad diffaent gro
Page 87 and 88:
the London Poor will always remain
Page 89 and 90:
preserved within it important Menip
Page 91 and 92:
During the Roman and Renaissance pe
Page 93 and 94:
"Menippean satire has no ancient sa
Page 95 and 96:
(tragedy. epic. history, rhetoric,
Page 97 and 98:
the oId-fashioned grease lamp. One
Page 99 and 100:
unusual dreams, and so on. In Mayhe
Page 101 and 102:
and anatomies that are neglected on
Page 103 and 104:
fantastic as the actions they descr
Page 105 and 106:
and accuracy of the dialogues, and
Page 107 and 108:
Chapter 4 Space-Wars and Exploitati
Page 109 and 110:
part. here at the London Dock - "th
Page 111 and 112:
float them an extent of water suffi
Page 113 and 114:
the long miles of the ~uburbs.'~ Bu
Page 115 and 116:
fancy articles and of part of watch
Page 117 and 118:
netherworld bulging with gangsters.
Page 119 and 120:
already occupied for a thousand pur
Page 121 and 122:
(3) Mayhew's Metropolitan London Du
Page 123 and 124:
production and reproduction get to
Page 125 and 126:
with their gardens too. All the nob
Page 127 and 128:
streets or squares" as "a kind of s
Page 129 and 130:
outside, and my tea eight minutes.
Page 131 and 132:
(5) Home Spaces of London Mayhew ca
Page 133 and 134:
ats." Is' In Bethnal Green, Mayhew
Page 135 and 136:
characteristic detail, that all "th
Page 137 and 138:
Regent Street, Mayhew realizes, had
Page 139 and 140:
Woods and Forests, running from Wes
Page 141 and 142:
plagues. dustrnen traditionally car
Page 143 and 144:
known as Michael Angelo Taylor's Ac
Page 145 and 146:
like a desert compared to what it w
Page 147 and 148:
executes the job, and is obliged to
Page 149 and 150:
and slums like St-Giles ~ookery."'
Page 151 and 152:
Chapter 5 6Conve~tioa ~ieces": Vern
Page 153 and 154:
(2) The Historid Bdcgnmd to the 'LO
Page 155 and 156:
categorig as c ell as tkir paceived
Page 157 and 158:
Old Slav. Lithuanian, ad Old GarnPa
Page 159 and 160:
on the streets of Loldrng In umclus
Page 161 and 162:
itself in the face of tk Six Acts,
Page 163 and 164:
ecounted: that "wkn I I had in acut
Page 165 and 166:
dictionaries '6 also sold regularly
Page 167 and 168:
eading rooms had continued through
Page 169 and 170:
marriage document" 79 should be can
Page 171 and 172:
Schools were totally Mective as an
Page 173 and 174:
was orally and rituall y-based (4)
Page 175 and 176:
said one Death-hunter, "'tk murdere
Page 177 and 178:
from Mayhew's street-fdk as well. "
Page 179 and 180:
acclxding to David Kunzle, the cult
Page 181 and 182:
nearer Spain than Liwrpool is to Ne
Page 183 and 184:
applause, some peculiarity in tradi
Page 185 and 186:
(6) The Vernacular Voices of London
Page 187 and 188:
persons, w ktk fabulous or real." T
Page 189 and 190:
noblemea"165 " I was once the inmat
Page 191 and 192:
he talks people out of their mosey,
Page 193 and 194:
ecounted that ''there had been litt
Page 195 and 196:
gathering a crowd around them, in g
Page 197 and 198:
"Jack Straw's priacipat "pitch" was
Page 199 and 200:
In between numing and standiag patt
Page 201 and 202:
cry'*'j5 - b eyd tkse ''trtnftks [w
Page 203 and 204:
whistling. that they appeared idmst
Page 205 and 206:
urban invention. The illustratd mag
Page 207 and 208:
The street fdlr's staies wae Maytre
Page 209 and 210:
and yet not to be able to live by i
Page 211 and 212:
the Jewish seller. "'I won't give y
Page 213 and 214:
privileged urban Mntage point fa wi
Page 215 and 216:
Chapter 6 The Tsllgled Net: Critid
Page 217 and 218:
(2) Cultural Hegemony in Mayhew's L
Page 219 and 220:
enclosures and s o w ananpced destn
Page 221 and 222:
infmtion axxmg tk men ihanselvec."
Page 223 and 224:
But it was not chat the world of wr
Page 225 and 226:
and replace them again; and when sl
Page 227 and 228:
England. Whistling Billy recalled:
Page 229 and 230:
isolated individual, to equality of
Page 231 and 232:
with philosophy. but with the here-
Page 233 and 234:
people." Tk same typical attitude w
Page 235 and 236:
Mayhew from a Mam. more f ' perspec
Page 237 and 238:
He referred to "drawings of the pri
Page 239 and 240:
stated that his voution was '20 col
Page 241 and 242:
European travel-writers and explore
Page 243 and 244:
scientific collveariaos. Staffad's
Page 245 and 246:
cultures. As a traveller into unkno
Page 247 and 248:
kitcb was ane whose squala a d wret
Page 249 and 250:
Travel writas aeed to be the first
Page 251 and 252:
maybe a gentleman should mt" lY (4)
Page 253 and 254:
I should say to Plato that it is a
Page 255 and 256:
a high degree of probability draw t
Page 257 and 258:
wak Between these two extreLneS the
Page 259 and 260:
Bushmen arrived, fdlowed by Zulu Ka
Page 261 and 262:
Mayhew's obsession with static ency
Page 263 and 264:
London Labour, as if they were ther
Page 265 and 266:
The debate over "primitivdavilized"
Page 267 and 268:
for novels, tauism, and magazines -
Page 269 and 270:
girders, 372 roof beams. 24 miles o
Page 271 and 272:
photography. It was a new Lind of c
Page 273 and 274:
Bibliography Primary- Worlrs by Hen
Page 275 and 276:
Bakhtin, M. M. "Ibe Dialogic Imagin
Page 277 and 278:
Cross N. The Common Writer, Life in
Page 279 and 280:
. Local Knowledge: Further Essays i
Page 281 and 282:
."Histay ad the Dark Satanic Mills.
Page 283 and 284:
McCullough, Eda World's Fair Mldwla
Page 285 and 286:
Sala George Augustus. Life and Am,e
Page 287 and 288:
Thompson, E. P. and Eileen Yw. (eds
Page 289 and 290:
APPENDIX
Page 296:
THE 6TREET-8TATIONER.
Page 303:
. - . . THE LONDON 6WEEP.
Page 309 and 310:
A VIEW IN ROSEMARY-LANE.
Page 312:
GUY FAWGES.
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HENRY MAYHEW (1812-1887) AND

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