tennis canada officiating program official's manual national referee

TENNIS CANADA
OFFICIATING PROGRAM
OFFICIAL’S MANUAL
NATIONAL REFEREE
April 2010

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 1
REFEREEING A TOURNAMENT: AN OVERVIEW ....................................................... 3
BEFORE THE TOURNAMENT............................................................................... 3
DURING THE TOURNAMENT ............................................................................... 4
AFTER THE TOURNAMENT ................................................................................. 5
THE TOURNAMENT DESK ................................................................................... 5
SUPERVISION OF ON-COURT PLAY................................................................... 6
OFF-COURT SUPERVISION ................................................................................. 9
TOURNAMENT ENTRIES AND ACCEPTANCES ....................................................... 11
THE ENTRY AND ACCEPTANCE PROCESS..................................................... 11
RANKINGS........................................................................................................... 13
THE ACCEPTANCE LIST .................................................................................... 13
THE DRAW................................................................................................................... 16
GENERAL PRINCIPLES ...................................................................................... 16
SEEDING AND POSITION OF SEEDS................................................................ 17
BYES .................................................................................................................... 20
MAKING THE DRAW ........................................................................................... 23
AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD: THE BACK-DRAW............................................... 24
THE QUALIFYING DRAW............................................................................................ 26
INSERTING QUALIFIERS INTO THE MAIN DRAW ............................................ 28
WITHDRAWALS AND SUBSTITUTIONS .................................................................... 29
CONSOLATION DRAWS ............................................................................................. 32
JUNIOR NATIONALS: CONDUCTING THE DRAW .................................................... 34
16 AND UNDER AND 18 AND UNDER NATIONALS .......................................... 34
12 AND UNDER AND 14 AND UNDER NATIONALS .......................................... 40
THE DRAW: AN EXAMPLE ......................................................................................... 55
THE ACCEPTANCE LIST .................................................................................... 55
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THE MAIN DRAW................................................................................................. 58
THE QUALIFYING DRAW.................................................................................... 58
INSERTING QUALIFIERS INTO THE MAIN DRAW ............................................ 58
SCHEDULING .............................................................................................................. 63
SCHEDULING FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED................................................ 63
THE MATCH SCHEDULE PLAN.......................................................................... 65
THE DAILY ORDER OF PLAY ............................................................................. 66
NUMBER OF MATCHES...................................................................................... 67
REST BETWEEN MATCHES............................................................................... 67
REFEREEING AT SPECIFIC EVENTS ........................................................................ 68
NATIONAL JUNIORS ........................................................................................... 68
NATIONAL SENIORS........................................................................................... 69
CIRCUIT CANADA EVENTS................................................................................ 69
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................. 71
APPENDIX I: DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE REFEREE........................ 72
APPENDIX II: MODELS OF PLAYER INFORMATION SHEETS................................. 79
APPENDIX III: MODELS OF ORDER OF PLAY SHEETS........................................... 86
APPENDIX IV: GLOSSARY ......................................................................................... 89
APPENDIX V: NOTES FOR PROVINCIAL COACHES’ MEETING ............................. 92
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: An Acceptance List..................................................................................... 15
Figure 2: Seeding Chart.............................................................................................. 19
Figure 3: Placing Byes - A .......................................................................................... 21
Figure 4: Placing Byes - B .......................................................................................... 22
Figure 5: The Back-Draw Method............................................................................... 25
Figure 6: A Qualifying Draw ....................................................................................... 27
Figure 7: Main Draw with Feed-In Consolation Draw ............................................... 33
Figure 8: Drawing players into the top half of the singles draw ............................. 37
Figure 9: Drawing players into a doubles draw........................................................ 39
Figure 10: U12 Round-Robin...................................................................................... 43
Figure 11: U12 Main Flights........................................................................................ 44
Figure 12: U12 Consolation Flights ........................................................................... 46
Figure 13: U14 Round-Robin...................................................................................... 48
Figure 14: U14 Main Flights........................................................................................ 49
Figure 15: U14 Consolation Flights ........................................................................... 52
Figure 16: Repentigny Acceptance List - A .............................................................. 56
Figure 17: Repentigny Acceptance List - B .............................................................. 57
Figure 18: Repentigny Main Draw............................................................................. 60
Figure 19: Seeds for Qualifying Draw........................................................................ 61
Figure 20: Completed Qualifying Draw ..................................................................... 62
Figure 21: Match Schedule Plan ................................................................................ 65
NOTE: Except where otherwise stated, every reference to the masculine includes the
feminine gender.
Tennis Canada Officiating Department
1 Shoreham Drive
Toronto, Ontario
M3N 1S4
Tel.: 416-665-9777
Fax: 416-665-9017
officiating@tenniscanada.com
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INTRODUCTION
This manual is addressed to experienced provincial Referees who, due to their skills,
their knowledge, their maturity and their judgment, are ready to assume the added
responsibility of acting as a Referee at national-level tournaments.
It is appropriate to emphasize the word “responsibility” in the preceding paragraph. As in
the case of a provincial Referee, a national Referee has two principal responsibilities:
1. To serve as the technical expert for the tournament to which he/she has been
assigned. In this role, the Referee must supervise all aspects of play, apply the
Rules of Tennis and the Code of Conduct, ensure the proper behaviour of the
players (and of their coaches and parents), and manage the Order of Play, to
mention only several important aspects of the task.
2. To serve as a representative of Tennis Canada, in general, and of the Tennis
Canada Officiating Program, in particular. In this capacity, the Referee is actively
contributing to the development of tennis in Canada, as well as contributing to
the development of the players themselves. The Referee will be a major point of
contact, along with the Tennis Canada Tournament Director who will be present
at many national tournaments, between the players (and their coaches and
parents), on the one hand, and Tennis Canada, on the other hand. The
behaviour of the Referee will thus often have a major influence upon the way in
which these persons form their perceptions of Tennis Canada and of its Officials.
Refereeing at the national level is, however, more difficult than that at the provincial
level. First of all, the players are more experienced in tournament competition and are
thus more demanding in terms of the quality of officiating that they will expect; there is
less margin for error. Second, the pressure is greater: national rankings and titles and,
in some cases, prize money are at stake. A national tournament is taken much more
seriously by players, coaches and parents. Third, the functions of the Referee are
broader. For example, while in many provincial tournaments the draw is conducted by
the provincial association, at the national level the Referee will often be called upon to
conduct a public draw. Similarly, the Referee will often need to become involved in
establishing the Order of Play, i.e., in the match scheduling process.
What You Should Already Know
The goal of this National Clinic is to assist you in acquiring the advanced knowledge
and skills that you will require in order to be an effective National Referee. It is therefore
assumed that you are already well-versed in the basic elements of refereeing, including
the following material that may be found in the latest edition of Tennis Canada’s
rulebook, the Rules of the Court:
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The Rules of Tennis
The Code of Conduct
The Code for Unofficiated Matches
Procedures concerning toilet breaks and medical time-outs
Other tournament regulations
If you are uncertain concerning any of this material, be sure to ask your Instructor for
clarification. In addition, it is assumed that you are fully conversant with all aspects of
the role of Roving Umpire (solving scoring disputes and other on-court problems;
supervising play on more than one court; etc.).
What You Will Learn
In this clinic, emphasis will be placed upon the following aspects of refereeing:
Tournament entry and acceptance procedures
Making a draw
Handling vacancies in the draw
Scheduling
Other administrative duties
Role of the Referee at specific national events
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REFEREEING A TOURNAMENT: AN OVERVIEW
This section provides an overview of the role of the Referee before, during, and after a
tournament. The specific functions of the Referee may vary slightly from one
tournament to another. For example, in some cases Tennis Canada may make the draw
before the tournament, while in other cases the tournament draw may be one of the
explicit on-site duties of the Referee. In addition, Appendix I presents a detailed list of
all of the duties and responsibilities of the Referee.
BEFORE THE TOURNAMENT
1. Contact the appropriate person (e.g., the Tennis Canada Tournament Director) in
order to obtain the basic information that you will need concerning the nature of the
tournament (e.g., women’s open, 16-player main draw with 4 places for qualifiers,
32-player qualification draw), the rules that will apply (e.g., best of five short sets; noad
scoring), any special conditions or problems that you need to be aware of (e.g.,
the presence of a player that often represents a disciplinary problem), and logistical
details (who will do the draw: you or Tennis Canada; if Tennis Canada will do the
draw, how and when will the draw sheets be sent to you; if you will do the draw,
how can you obtain the relevant rankings).
2. Contact the local Tournament Organizer in order to ensure that you are both wellcoordinated
concerning your roles and the details of the tournament (e.g., start time
on the first day, specific rules that will be used, permission for players to wear the
official tournament tee-shirt during matches) and in order to ensure that the
necessary equipment is available (e.g., Umpire’s chair, singles sticks, Line Umpires’
chairs, balls, walkie-talkies).
3. Contact the other Officials (Roving Umpires, Chair Umpires, Line Umpires) that will
work with you during the tournament. Although you will often be the sole Official
present at a given tournament, in larger or higher-level tournaments you may well
have other Officials working under your supervision. In addition, Tennis Canada and
your provincial association encourage you to utilize your tournaments as an
occasion to organise a practice for less experienced Officials. In either case, it is
important to contact these other Officials several weeks in advance. In addition,
make sure that the other Officials have your local contact numbers (e.g., tournament
site, hotel, cell phone) in case there is a problem that requires them to contact you.
4. Prepare yourself mentally. Review the Rules of Tennis, the Code of Conduct, and
the other regulations and procedures (and, if necessary, the principles of making a
draw).
5. Prepare your equipment: stop watch, measuring tape, notebook, score cards, and so
forth. Also, prepare any posters or hand-outs that you will employ to inform players
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of the tournament rules and regulations. (Several models of useful information
sheets can be found, in English and in French, in Appendix II.)
6. If it is your responsibility, assist in preparing the Acceptance List and/or conduct the
draw (see below for more information on this).
7. In the context of National Junior events, convene and conduct a meeting of
provincial coaches on the day prior to the start of play.
DURING THE TOURNAMENT
1. Arrive at the site well in advance of the start of play each day (an hour in advance is
reasonable) in order to prepare the courts, verify equipment, supervise the
organisation of the tournament desk, and assure coordination with the Tournament
Director. The first day of the tournament, you may want to arrive even earlier to
ensure that all is ready.
2. Depending on the specific nature of the tournament and on the other personnel
assigned to work during it, your primary responsibility may be on-court: supervising
play and player behaviour. You may also be responsible for the functioning of the
tournament desk, however: calling matches, giving balls to players, and marking
scores. In larger and higher-level tournaments, there may be one or more persons
assigned to the tournament desk, but even in this case it is your responsibility to
ensure the proper functioning of the desk.
3. Depending on the specific nature of the tournament, prepare the daily Order of Play
or ensure that the Order of Play is properly prepared by another appropriate person
(e.g., the Tennis Canada Tournament Director). Even if the Order of Play is the
responsibility of another person, you may wish to provide advice.
4. You will be required to deal with a range of administrative issues concerning the
players: defaults due to failure to appear on time for a scheduled match, Code of
Conduct issues, and medical problems (e.g., if a player retires from a singles match
due to injury, can he/she continue to compete in doubles)
5. In some cases, you may have the responsibility of umpiring the finals of the
tournament, as long as there are no other matches (e.g., consolation matches or
doubles matches) in progress at the same time. As a general rule, however, the
Referee should try to avoid umpiring in a national-level tournament.
6. More experienced Referees will also often act as both Chief Umpire and
Trainer/Evaluator in order to organise, supervise and evaluate the work of other
Officials.
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7. At the beginning of each day, before the start of play, meet with your Officials in
order to give them their assignments for the day, distribute copies of the Order of
Play, and discuss issues and situations from the previous day or those that you
expect to arise that day.
8. Remember: you are the tournament’s technical expert – the final authority
concerning the Rules of Tennis and the Code of Conduct. You are also a
representative of Tennis Canada. If an unusual situation occurs, one that exceeds
your knowledge of the rules and regulations, try to use your best judgement in order
to find a solution. In this latter case, be impartial and try to make the decision that is
the fairest for all of the players concerned.
AFTER THE TOURNAMENT
1. In collaboration with the Tournament Director, decide whose responsibility it will be
to transmit the results to Tennis Canada.
2. Make a report to Tennis Canada. Your report should include the following elements:
a list of Code Violations beyond a warning; if applicable, a recommendation for the
assessment of Suspension Points (see Article 6 of the Code of Conduct in the Rules
of the Court); a summary of any particular problems encountered during the
tournament (e.g., a particular parent or coach that manifested inappropriate
behaviour or that was unhappy with a specific decision and threatened to complain),
and any suggestions for improving either the organization of the tournament, in
general, or the officiating of the tournament, in particular. Your comments and
suggestions are important to Tennis Canada.
THE TOURNAMENT DESK
The efficient management of the tournament desk will have a major impact upon the
organization of the tournament. The principal responsibilities of the person in charge of
the tournament desk (in some cases this will be the Referee, as we have seen) include:
At the beginning of each day, mark the presence of players on the Order of Play
sheet. (Each player should inform the tournament desk of his presence when
he/she arrives on site each day.)
Call the matches (i.e., announce to specific players that their match is ready to
begin on a specific court), give the players their match balls (numerically
coordinated with the court numbers where possible) and, at the same time,
remind them of the principal rules in effect (e.g., no-ad scoring, new balls for the
3 rd set).
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Mark on the Order of Play sheet the time at which each match begins and ends.
This information is essential for determining the length of the rest period that a
player shall have before his/her next match. If not already indicated on the Order
of Play sheet, also mark the court to which a given match is assigned.
Mark the winners and scores of matches, and inform players concerning the
(approximate) time of their next match.
Appendix III indicates two models of Order of Play sheets that can be used to schedule
matches and to administer the tournament desk. We will return examine these sheets in
more detail in the section on Scheduling below.
SUPERVISION OF ON-COURT PLAY
In spite of all of the administrative duties that must be taken care of, a Referee’s
principal responsibility is the supervision of on-court play. In order to do this effectively,
you must spend as much time as possible near the courts watching matches,
regardless of whether Chair Umpires are assigned to each match or of whether a large
number of Roving Umpires are present. You may thus wish to eat your meals (probably
a sandwich!) at court-side rather than taking an hour off to sit comfortably in the site’s
restaurant. Set an example for your Roving Umpires and other Officials.
Non-Umpired Matches
In any match conducted without a Chair Umpire, the principles set forth in “The Code:
Guidelines for Unofficiated Matches” shall apply (see the latest version of the Rules of
the Court). You will need to be thoroughly familiar with these guidelines in order to
resolve on-court problems.
In the context of non-umpired matches, the Referee may take appropriate action with
respect to any infraction of the Rules of Tennis, the tournament regulations or the Code
of Conduct that he/she observes.
Umpired Matches
While, in many cases, you may be the sole Official present during a tournament, it is
possible that you may be in charge of a tournament in which one or more matches will
be umpired by other Officials. In this context, your principal role is to decide all
questions of Law (i.e., concerning the Rules and Regulations of Tennis and the Code of
Conduct) that the Chair Umpire is unable to resolve or that a player appeals to you.
Remember that a player does not have the right to appeal a decision made by the Chair
Umpire concerning a question of Fact (e.g., whether a specific ball was “in” or “out”). In
the latter case, the Chair Umpire should explain to the player that the latter does not
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have the right to consult the Referee. Remember, too, that your decision is final and
without further appeal.
When you are called onto court to resolve a question of Law, the proper procedure is
the following:
1. Proceed directly to the Chair Umpire and ask him/her to explain the nature of the
problem.
2. After having attentively listened to the Chair Umpire’s explanation, ask the player
(or players) if he/she agrees with the Umpire’s presentation of the facts. If this is
not the case, or if you need supplementary information in order to make your
decision, ask the questions that you deem necessary in order to shed more light
on the situation.
3. Taking into account the information that has been presented to you, make your
decision as rapidly as possible.
4. Present your decision to the Chair Umpire first, and then to the player(s).
5. If the player requests an explanation of your decision, furnish it briefly and clearly
(i.e., without providing a lecture on the Rules of Tennis or the philosophy of
officiating). Try to avoid sounding like you are quoting the rulebook.
6. If the player seems to want to prolong the discussion and is simply repeating the
same arguments, announce “Let’s play” in order to indicate that the discussion is
terminated and that, if the player is not ready to play in 25 seconds, he/she will
be subject to a Code Violation for Delay of Game.
7. Leave the court, but stay nearby for at least a few minutes in order to ensure that
play continues without further problems.
Concerning umpired matches, remember the following: if a Referee observes an
incident that he/she would consider to be a clear violation of the Code of Conduct, and if
this incident is either unobserved by the Chair Umpire or if the latter does not take the
appropriate action, the Referee may instruct the Chair Umpire to assess a Code
Violation.
Other Aspects of On-Court Supervision
While the Rules of Tennis cover the vast majority of rules that a Referee (or Roving
Umpire or Chair Umpire) will be called upon to apply, there exist other supplementary
regulations and procedures that are not explicitly mentioned in the Rules of Tennis.
These cover toilet breaks, postponed matches, warm-up times after interruptions,
medical time-outs, rest periods, dress code requirements, and number of matches/rest
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etween matches, the use of electronic devices, and defaults and failure to complete a
match. Information concerning these regulations and procedures can be found in the
latest version of the Rules of the Court.
The following section summarizes the regulations concerning medical time-outs, since
the Referee will often be the only person on-site to fully understand the correct
procedures.
Medical Time-Outs
Among players, coaches and parents (and even some Officials!), one of the least
understood procedures concerns medical time-outs. It is thus important that the Referee
become directly involved in supervising these situations.
In the event that a player suffers an injury or accident during the match or warm-up or
believes that medical diagnosis and treatment are required for a medical condition, the
player shall be entitled to request and receive a one-time three-minute medical time out
for that condition. A request for a medical time-out may be made by a player at any time
during a match or warm-up.
In upper-level tournaments (professional and, sometimes, national), a Sports Medicine
Trainer is normally on hand to evaluate and treat players. Many trainers, however, are
not familiar with the specific regulations of medical time-outs in tennis. It is therefore the
responsibility of the Referee to supervise their work on court and to help them to
understand the procedures that must be applied. If a Sports Medicine Trainer or other
qualified medical personnel is available, the three minute treatment time begins after the
completion of the evaluation and diagnosis of the condition by the latter.
If a Sports Medicine Trainer or other qualified medical personnel is not available, the
Referee shall explain the medical time-out rule and allow the player to treat himself.
Especially in the case of junior players, a parent or coach may be permitted to assist the
player, as long as this is done under the direct supervision of an Official (Referee or
qualified Roving Umpire). The Referee may provide supplies (e.g., bandages or ice).
The 3-minute period begins when the treatment commences. Except in the case of a
life-threatening situation, the Referee should not become involved in the treatment itself.
Medical time-outs are not permitted in cases of general fatigue or loss of conditioning.
A player will, however, be allowed one medical time-out per match for any and all
cramping conditions.
After completion of the 3-minute time-out (plus a reasonable time to replace shoes and
socks, if necessary), any delay will be penalized in accordance with the Point Penalty
Schedule of the Code of Conduct.
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OFF-COURT SUPERVISION
Although the emphasis of this section has been upon on-court situations, the Referee is
also responsible for supervising the off-court behaviour of players, coaches and
parents. Remember that the Code of Conduct is in effect at all times and in all places on
the grounds of a tournament site – not just on court during a match. Thus, obscene
language used in the locker room violates the Code of Conduct, as does a racket flung
at a chair after the final point of a match. Many players mistakenly think that the Code of
Conduct ceases to be in effect as soon as the final point of a match is completed.
In situations involving off-court behavioural problems by players, without initiating a
confrontation, let them know that their actions have been observed and that they will be
noted in the tournament report. In serious cases, you may want to consider defaulting
the players involved from the tournament.
Coaches and parents also fall under the Code of Conduct. Thus, on-court or off-court, a
player may be held responsible (or even defaulted) for the actions of his coach or parent
(for example, the use of an audible obscenity or the verbal abuse of an opponent or
Official).
In particularly difficult cases involving parents or coaches (and even players), politely
inform them that their behaviour may result in the default of their player. If this approach
has no effect, the only solution may be to involve the police in order to have them
removed from the site.
Punctuality
Off-court, another problematic area involves the issue of punctuality – being ready to
play when a match is called.
It is the player’s responsibility to inform himself/herself concerning match starting times
and to be dressed and ready to play when his/her match is called.
If a player does not present himself/herself at the tournament desk very shortly after the
match has been called, the Referee should make a reasonable effort to locate the
player (e.g., call the player over a loud-speaker system or check the locker room, rather
than searching every automobile in the parking lot). After this effort has been made, the
clock will start running. If, at the end of 5, 10 or 15 minutes, the player is still not ready
to play, he/she will be assessed the appropriate penalty. (See Tournament Regulation
18 in the Rules of the Court.) In all cases, the “official clock” will be that designated by
the Referee.
Any advertised times are for guidance only and can never be a valid reason for not
being ready to play. On the other hand, if the player is late due to administrative error
(e.g., being late for a 10:00 a.m. match because the schedule erroneously indicated that
his match would be played at 11:00 a.m.), the player will not be penalized.
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Physical Incapacity
A player that retires from a match due to an injury, or that is unable to begin a match
because of an injury sustained on the tournament site may continue to play another
event (e.g., doubles, singles consolation) at the tournament if the player’s condition has
improved to the extent that he may perform at full capacity, whether the same day or a
later day. If available at the tournament, a Sports Medicine Trainer or other qualified
medical personnel should certify to the Referee that the player’s condition has improved
to the extent that the latter is able to perform at full capacity. If a Sports Medicine
Trainer or other qualified medical personnel is not available, the Referee shall use his
best judgment in determining whether the player shall be allowed to continue to play
another event.
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TOURNAMENT ENTRIES AND ACCEPTANCES
As Referee, you may not become directly involved in tournament entry and acceptance
procedures. Often, your work will begin after the acceptance list has already been
established. As technical expert for the tournament, however, you may be called upon
to advise the Tournament Committee concerning these procedures. For this reason, it is
important for you to understand the basic principles involved in the process.
THE ENTRY AND ACCEPTANCE PROCESS
First of all, it is very important that any criteria that will be applied to the acceptance of
players into a tournament (e.g., age, national or provincial ranking, country or province
of residence) be clearly indicated before the players submit their entries (i.e., on websites,
entry forms and player fact sheets.). Nothing will cause the Tournament
Committee to lose its credibility as quickly as a lack of transparency in the acceptance
procedure. See Tournament Regulation 3 in the latest edition of the Rules of the Court
for more information concerning the nature of the fact sheet and entry form.
When the number of entrants is less than or equal to the number to which the draw is
limited (e.g., 28 entries for a 32 draw), the situation is relatively simple. Every player that
meets the selection criteria is able to participate in the tournament.
On the other hand, when the number of entrants exceeds the number to which the draw
is limited (e.g., 36 entries for a 32 draw), a decision must be made concerning which
players to accept and which players to exclude. In this case, the Tournament
Committee (of which the Referee is a member) will:
1. Consider all the entries received prior to the date and time set for the closing of
entries.
2. Determine a method for selection which is reasonable and fair and apply it
consistently. For example, the criterion applied might be national rankings only;
or, in cases where some players have no national ranking, provincial rankings
might be used. When there is no information available on certain players, it might
be necessary to choose by lot.
3. As stated above, where such a method gives priority to higher ranked players
over lower ranked or unranked players, or to foreign or local players, this must be
clearly indicated on the entry form and fact sheet for the tournament.
4. Never accept entries on a “first received, first accepted” basis. The date of
receipt of an entry is not an acceptable criterion.
5. Where the relative quality of the entrants cannot be determined (or is not to be
determined, or is not to be a factor), decide by lot which players will be accepted.
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6. Prepare a list of Alternates (see Appendix IV), according to their priority, for use
in replacing players who become unavailable for competition.
7. The Referee has the authority to replace players who withdraw from competition
after the draw has been made (see the section “Withdrawals and Substitutions”
below), or, in collaboration with the Tournament Committee, to accept late entries
for insertion in a position occupied by a bye. The acceptance of late entries or the
substitution of previously excluded entries is the prerogative of the Referee, in
consultation with the Tournament Committee. In general, it is better to encourage
play rather than to discourage it.
8. Where a player, whose entry is otherwise acceptable, has been denied a place in
the draw through an administrative error or oversight, the Referee shall make
every effort to include such player, even if it means remaking the draw or playing
a preliminary match. Such action shall be at the sole discretion of the Referee.
9. Any substitutions or additions to the acceptance list must be made prior to the
start of the first match of the event (i.e., before the first doubles match, in the
case of the doubles draw). Even after the start of the event, however, it will still
be possible to replace accepted players that must withdraw from the tournament
before playing their first match, in cases of injury, illness or personal emergency.
(See the section “Withdrawals and Substitutions”.)
10. Generally, only administrative error or oversight on the part of the Tournament
Committee is justification for remaking the draw. The sole exception is when a
significant number of seeded players withdraw from the event. (See the section
“Withdrawals and Substitutions”.)
Remember: in order to begin the process of making the draw, it is extremely important
to begin with an error-free acceptance list. A player inadvertently left off of the
acceptance list may well necessitate remaking the entire draw. Check and double check
that your entry and acceptance lists are complete and accurate. (In tournaments with
both men’s and women’s events, players with uncommon first names have been known
to have been placed in the wrong draw.)
In the case of national tournaments, the major entry criteria applied involve age (in the
case of Junior and Senior events), nationality/residency (entries are limited to Canadian
citizens or permanent residents of Canada), and rankings. In the case of Circuit Canada
events, which are “open” tournaments, ranking is the sole applicable criterion.
Entries for national Junior and Senior events are generally handled directly by Tennis
Canada. It is primarily in the case of Circuit Canada events, where entries may be
handled either by the host club or by the provincial association, that the Referee might
need to become involved in the process.
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Entry deadlines should be rigorously respected. The problem with accepting the late
entry of a player is that he or she may tell others, who will wish to be included too. Once
you have made one exception, it becomes difficult not to make other exceptions. If you
accept an entry that is one day late, how can you logically justify not accepting three
others that are two days late, and yet another that is three days late The sole instance
in which the deadline could be relaxed somewhat is in the case of a draw that is not
completely full at the close of entries. Here, it might be acceptable to extend the
deadline for another day or two in order to encourage other players to enter. In this
case, however, it is essential to publicize (e.g., via email lists or web-sites) the fact that
an extension has been made, in order that all interested players may have an
opportunity to enter.
RANKINGS
An essential tool for both acceptance and seeding purposes is the relevant set of
rankings. In the case of Circuit Canada events, one would need the latest national open
rankings list (which includes the country’s top professional players). Given that many
local players in a specific event may not have a national open ranking, the relevant
provincial open or junior rankings may also be of considerable assistance. In cases
where the ranking list is long (e.g., the open rankings), it is desirable to have a list that is
in alphabetical, rather than numerical, order.
A ranking list will often indicate that two or more players are tied at a certain rank.
Consider the case in which there is one player left to accept for the Main Draw. The
next rank that would merit acceptance into the draw is 120 on the national rankings.
There are, however, five players tied at this rank. How do you decide which one of the
five will be accepted While several possibilities exist (e.g., the one with the highest
provincial ranking, the one that has played in the fewest number of national
tournaments), the surest and most efficient method of breaking ties is by a random
draw: each player will be assigned a number from 1 to 5 and 1 chip out of 5 chips
numbered from 1 to 5 will be randomly drawn.
THE ACCEPTANCE LIST
At the end of the entry and acceptance procedure, the Tournament Committee will
produce an acceptance list: a complete prioritized list of all players that have entered,
and have been accepted into, a specific event (e.g., men’s singles), as well as
Alternates. The names of ineligible players (for reasons of age or residency, for
example; or for reasons concerning disciplinary action or, in Circuit Canada events,
outstanding fines) will not appear on this list. Figure 1 gives an example of an
acceptance list. Indicated are the name and province of each player, his national
ranking, and his priority for entry into the event.
13

In the case of a 32-draw with 8 Qualifiers and no Wild Cards, the first 24 players on the
list will become Direct Acceptances into the Main Draw (see Appendix IV for a
definition of terms).
With a Qualifying Draw of 32, the next 32 players (numbers 25 to 56) become Qualifying
Acceptances (i.e., direct acceptances into the Qualifying competition).
Players 57 to 60 become Alternates for the Qualifying competition. Players 43 to 60 are
all unranked; their acceptance priority was thus determined by a random draw.
If a player (number 14, for example) withdraws before the start of the Qualifying
competition, the players below him on the list will shift up one place. This is dealt with in
more detail in the section on “Withdrawals and Substitutions”.
14

FIGURE 1: AN ACCEPTANCE LIST
NAME PROV NAT. RANK (1 Nov. 01) STATUS
1 Jocelyn Robichaud QC 6 DA
2 Frank Dancevic ON 12 DA
3 Adam Baranowski ON 15 DA
4 Matt Bacarrani ON 23 DA
5 Ricky Twynam QC 24 DA
6 David Abelson QC 31 DA
7 John Schiavo ON 42 DA
8 Shiv Oberoi QC 43 DA
9 Ali Zaver ON 45 DA
10 Alex Gravina ON 48 DA
11 Nicolas Brotman ON 58 DA
12 Daniel Opaina ON 59 DA
13 Marc-André Ladouceur QC 60 DA
14 Hughes Laverdière QC 60 DA
15 David Goulet QC 68 DA
16 Richard Cooper ON 70 DA
17 Adam Bono QC 83 DA
18 Stephan Timu QC 87 DA
19 Joshua Pinto ON 90 DA
20 Chris Magnone QC 98 DA
21 Tom DeLarzac ON 104 DA
22 Mike Magnone QC 135 DA
23 Alexandre Malka QC 145 DA
24 Bruno Agostinelli ON 152 DA
25 Jarred Leibner QC 154 QA
26 Zachary Rath QC 154 QA
27 Alex Shields QC 161 QA
28 Steven Goulet QC 169 QA
29 Peter Worthing ON 171 QA
30 Steve Pourciel QC 208 QA
31 Jean-François Robitaille QC 220 QA
32 Sascha Anikine ON 232 QA
33 Danny Rousseau QC 232 QA
34 Marc Leclair QC 232 QA
35 Érik Chvojka QC 285 QA
36 Samuel Khanzadian QC 288 QA
37 Kia Besharat BC 296 QA
38 Jadys Bourdelais QC 316 QA
39 Charles Anthony Levaque QC 316 QA
40 Ludovic Marmet-Demers QC 316 QA
41 Pascal Bouchard QC 463 QA
42 Georges Sarantinos QC 620 QA
43 Jonathan Arpin QC - QA
44 Carl-Henry Barthold ON - QA
45 Gilles Boileau QC - QA
46 Christopher Bryant QC - QA
47 Alex Bykov ON - QA
48 François Courchesne QC - QA
49 Nicolas Dutil QC - QA
50 James Gray QC - QA
51 Jason Labrosse QC - QA
52 Daniel Larouche QC - QA
53 Paul McIntyre QC - QA
54 Christophe Norbert QC - QA
55 Claude Manzagol QC - QA
56 Jordan Saibil QC - QA
57 François Cavayas QC - Alternate
58 Mario Polèse QC - Alternate
59 Richard Shearmur QC - Alternate
60 Pierre Hamel QC - Alternate
15

THE DRAW
In certain tournaments, Tennis Canada (or perhaps the host provincial association) may
assume the entire responsibility for making tournament draws. Most often, however, in
national tournaments, it is the responsibility of the individual Referee (perhaps in
collaboration with the Tennis Canada Tournament Director) to make the necessary
draws.
The purpose of this section is to familiarize you with the process of making a draw.
Even if you are not specifically called upon to make a draw, you may be required to
answer questions concerning how it is done. First, we consider the general principles
underlying the draw, and then, in a subsequent section, we present a detailed example
of the process.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
The draw is the joint responsibility of the Referee and the Tournament Committee.
Given that the Tournament Committee may be composed of inexperienced persons,
and given that the Referee is, by definition, the tournament’s technical expert, the major
share of the responsibility generally falls upon the latter.
There are four general principles involved in making a draw. It should be carried out:
1. With fairness
2. With knowledge of the applicable Rules and Regulations
3. With knowledge of player results and rankings
4. In a public manner (In reality, however, this is not always practical; if not, it
should be carried out with witnesses present – ideally one or more of the
players.)
As a general rule, the draw will be made at a time and place specified by the
Tournament Committee. The precise moment of the draw depends in large measure
upon the specific nature of the tournament. For example, in a Junior National event
(where there is no Qualifying competition and where the players will all be on-site with
their provincial team the day before play begins), it will be feasible to do the draw
publicly the afternoon or evening prior to the start of the Main Draw. On the other hand,
in a Senior National event or a Circuit Canada event (with Qualifying), it may be
advantageous to do the draw a week in advance of the Main Draw so that players can
make travel plans in such a way as to minimize their expenses.
In spite of its advantages, the disadvantage of making the draw too far in advance is
that it increases the probability that withdrawals will occur between the time that the
draw is made and the start of play. In other words, the Referee may have to spend quite
a bit of time arranging substitutions for the vacancies that occur in the draw as a result
16

of withdrawals; players that have been informed that they are in the Qualifying
competition may also need to be shifted into the Main Draw.
The process of making a draw consists of four steps:
1. Determining the number of seeds and the names of players to be seeded
2. Placing the names of the seeded players on their prescribed lines
3. Placing the byes, if any, on their prescribed lines
4. Placing the names of remaining players on the remaining lines, as determined by
random drawing
We begin by considering the case of making a Main Draw. As we will see subsequently,
the procedures used are somewhat different for a Qualifying Draw.
SEEDING AND POSITION OF SEEDS
Once the acceptance list has been finalized, it is possible to move on to seeding. As a
general rule, in national events, seeding decisions are made by the Tennis Canada
Tournament Director, often in consultation with the National Coaches. The Referee
may, however, be asked for his/her input.
The sole purpose for “seeding” the draw is to balance it by ensuring that two or more of
the best players do not meet each other in the early rounds. As a guideline, it is
generally advisable to seed one player for every four players in a draw (e.g., 8 seeds
for a full draw of 32 players; 10 seeds for a 40 player draw, as in the case of the Junior
Nationals) and to have an even number of seeds in the draw. Thus, for example, with
27 players, there would normally be six seeds (27÷4=6.75, which is closer to 7 than to
6, but an even number should be used.) Note that certain tournaments may depart from
this norm. In many of the Circuit Canada events, for example, 8 seeds – rather than 6 –
are employed for a draw of 24 players. It is also permissible to seed less than one
player in four; in fact, it is better to do so rather than to include players of
indistinguishable relative merit. Thus, it is possible that in a 32-player draw only 4
players would be seeded.
There are no “musts” in selecting the players to be seeded, except that the process
should reflect the best judgement of the Tournament Committee and the Referee.
Normally, however, the players’ current rankings (national, provincial, or professional,
according to the nature of the tournament) – whether computer generated or not –
reflecting the results of the previous twelve months, should be used as the basis to
determine seedings.
Should other input be necessary, consideration should also be given to the following:
head-to-head encounters, most recent results taking into account court surface and the
relative importance of the tournament, and the results of matches played against a
common third player.
17

The seeding procedure should be as follows:
1. Seeded players must be listed on the draw sheet in numbered order, as
determined by the Tournament Committee.
2. The position of every seed, except the first and second, is determined by lot,
using the following procedure:
Place Seed 1 on Line 1 and Seed 2 on Line 16 (16 draw), Line 32 (32
draw), Line 64 (64 draw) or Line 128 (128 draw).
Determine the location of Seeds 3 and 4 by drawing between this pair
(i.e., by randomly drawing 2 chips labelled 3 and 4, or by flipping a coin),
placing the first drawn in the top half and the second drawn in the bottom
half, as indicated in Figure 2 (e. g., lines 5 and 12 for a 16 draw; lines 9
and 24 for a 32 draw).
To determine the location of the remaining seeds, draw them in groups of
4 (or groups of 8, where there are more than 16 seeds), placing them in
the order drawn on the lines indicated in Figure 2. For example, in a 32
draw, determine the location of the remaining seeds (5-8) by drawing this
group of 4 from top to bottom, as indicated in Figure 2: 1 st drawn on line 8,
2 nd drawn on line 16, 3 rd drawn on line 17, 4 th drawn on line 25). Note that
when there are only 6 seeds (i.e., there are only two remaining seeds to
be drawn), the 1 st drawn of 5 and 6 is placed on line 16 and the 2 nd drawn
on line 17, so as to avoid an early meeting with the top two seeds.
18

Seeds
3 & 4
FIGURE 2: SEEDING CHART
16 Draw
4 Seeds
32 Draw
8 Seeds
64 Draw
16 Seeds
128 Draw
32 Seeds
First drawn 5 9 17 33
Second drawn 12 24 48 96
5,6,7 & 8
First drawn 8 16 32
Second drawn 16 32 64
Third drawn 17 33 65
Fourth drawn 25 49 97
9,10,11 & 12
First drawn 9 17
Second drawn 25 49
Third drawn 40 80
Fourth drawn 56 112
13,14,15 & 16
First drawn 8 16
Second drawn 24 48
Third drawn 41 81
Fourth drawn 57 113
17-24
First drawn 9
Second drawn 24
Third drawn 41
Fourth drawn 56
Fifth drawn 73
Sixth drawn 88
Seventh drawn 105
Eighth drawn 120
25-32
First drawn 8
Second drawn 25
Third drawn 40
Fourth drawn 57
Fifth drawn 72
Sixth drawn 89
Seventh drawn 104
Eighth drawn 121
19

BYES
Should there be 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 or 128 entries into a specific event, it will not be
necessary to award any byes. If, however, the number of entries falls short of the size of
the draw, byes will be awarded.
To determine the number of byes, subtract the number of players from the draw size.
For example, in a 32 draw, with 27 players there will be 5 byes (32-27 = 5); with 48
players in 64 draw, there will be 16 byes (64-48 = 16); and so forth.
Byes will be awarded to seeded players in order of seeding. For example, in a 32 draw
with 27 players (and thus 6 seeds) there will be 5 byes, which will be awarded to seeds
1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. This is illustrated in Figure 3.
Where the number of byes exceeds the number of seeds, a somewhat different
situation exists. For example, if there are 21 players in a 32 draw, there will be 11 byes
(32-21 = 11). With 21 players we will still have 6 seeds; these 6 seeds will receive byes,
meaning that an additional 5 byes (11-6=5) must be placed in the draw.
To determine the placement of the remaining 5 byes, divide the draw into subsections of
four lines each, as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. (In Figure 3, it is not necessary to use
the subsections since there are fewer byes than seeded players.) In Figure 4, we must
use the designated subsections to determine the position of the remaining 5 byes.
Six of the 8 subsections (those with seeded players) already have byes. The remaining
2 subsections without byes must each receive a bye, leaving 3 more byes to place
among the 8 subsections. Place the remaining 3 byes in the top and bottom halves of
the draw alternately. Do this by lot to determine which subsections in each half will
receive the final 3 byes. For example, in Figure 4, one could draw chips labelled 1-4,
then 5-8, then 1-4 again to determine which subsections will receive a second bye.
Note, however, that no subsection should have more than two byes.
Finally, to establish the exact line on which a bye should be placed within each
subsection, flip a coin or draw lots. For example, in order to determine which line of
subsection 2 will receive a bye, one could draw chips labelled 5-8, or flip a coin (for
example, heads = lines 5 or 6; tails = lines 7 or 8; if a tails occurs, flip again: heads =
line 7; tails = line 8). Note also, however, that in certain instances the choice will be
automatically restricted: in subsection 1, only lines 3 or 4 are eligible to receive a bye;
heads might mean that an additional bye would be placed on line 3, and tails on line 4.
By following the above procedures, making a draw with a large number of byes is not
very difficult.
20

FIGURE 3: PLACING BYES - A
ABC OPEN
MEN'S SINGLES DRAW
1 1
ADAMS
2 BYE
3 1
4
5
6
7
2
5-8 8
3/4 9
10
DAVIS
BYE
11 3
12
13
14
15
4
5-8 16
5-8 17
18
19
20
21
FLYNN
EVERT
BYE
5
22
23
3/4 24
BYE 6
COLLINS
5-8 25
26
27
7
28 SEEDS
1 ADAMS
29 2
3
BAKER
COLLINS
30 4 DAVIS
5 EVERT
31 BYE 8
6 FLYNN
7
2 32 BAKER
8
Example: 32 draw – 27 players = 5 byes, with 6 seeds. A list of seeds is indicated, as are the
8 subsections of the draw, and the relative position of the seeds. The 6 seeds have been placed
according to Figure 2 and as a result of drawing lots. The first 5 seeds receive byes. Note that
the placement of seeds 1-8 (although only 6 are used here) is indicated at the left of the draw.
21

FIGURE 4: PLACING BYES - B
ABC OPEN
MEN'S SINGLES DRAW
1 1
ADAMS
2 BYE
3 1
4
bye
5
6
7
bye
bye 2
5-8 8
3/4 9
10
DAVIS
BYE
11 3
12
13
14
15
5-8 16
5-8 17
BYE 4
FLYNN
EVERT
18
19
20
BYE
5
21 bye
22
23
3/4 24
BYE 6
COLLINS
5-8 25
26
27
bye 7
28 SEEDS
1 ADAMS
29 2
3
BAKER
COLLINS
30 4 DAVIS
5 EVERT
31 BYE 8
6 FLYNN
7
2 32 BAKER
8
Example: 32 draw – 21 players = 11 byes, with 6 seeds. Six seeds are placed as in Figure 3.
All 6 seeds receive byes. The 5 remaining byes, shown in lower case, are placed as follows:
subsections 2 and 7 automatically receive byes; subsections 1, 6 and 2, alternating between the
top and bottom halves, have been drawn to receive a 2 nd bye. The placement of these 5 byes
within their subsections is determined by lot.
22

MAKING THE DRAW
The process of making the draw can be broken down into a series of 8 steps. Steps 1 –
5 have been explained in detail in the preceding sections.
1. List all seeded players in order of merit in the space provided on the draw sheet.
2. Place seeded players as outlined above.
3. Determine the number of byes in the draw by subtracting the actual number of
players from the draw size.
4. Award byes to seeded players first.
5. Award the remaining byes to the four-line subsections of the draw as described
above. (Note: 16 draw = 4 subsections; 32 draw = 8 subsections; etc.)
6. Prepare a “chip list” – a numbered list of all unseeded players – and prepare a
corresponding list of numbered cards or chips which will be placed in a suitable
container. (In fact, you can use the Acceptance List as the chip list.) In the case
of events with a Qualifying competition, certain numbers on the chip list will
correspond to unknown players, denoted simply as “Qualifier”. For example, in a
full 32-draw with 8 Qualifiers, numbers 25 to 32 will simply indicate “Qualifier”.
Thus the position of Qualifiers in the Main Draw will generally be determined
even before the identity of the Qualifiers is known.
7. Fill in the names of the remaining players by drawing chips out of the container
and placing the players’ names in the order in which they are drawn on lines that
do not contain the name of a SEEDED PLAYER or a BYE, starting at the top of
the draw and moving downward in sequence. It is useful to strike out each
player’s name (or number) on the chip list when the corresponding chip is drawn.
8. Review your work to ensure that all players have been included in the draw and
that the seeded players and the byes have been correctly positioned in the draw.
By reviewing and following the prescribed procedures, and with a little practice, making
a draw will go smoothly. A properly made draw is an essential component of a
successful tournament.
23

AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD: THE BACK-DRAW
In some cases, the number of byes exceeds the number of seeds by a wide margin and
there will be a relatively large number of byes to place. For example, in a 32 draw with
only 20 players there will be 12 byes to place (32-20=12). In the Junior Nationals, to cite
a concrete example, there are 24 byes to place (64 draw - 40 players = 24). Instead of
the relatively time-consuming process of placing the byes, one could use an alternative
(and more efficient) method: the back-draw.
The principle involved here is taking the number of actual players (20 in our example)
and, instead of fitting them into the next appropriate larger size draw (a 32 draw), using
the next appropriate smaller size draw (a 16 draw). Obviously, to fit 20 players into a 16
draw, some preliminary matches will have to be played. A 32-line draw sheet will be
used.
Figure 5 illustrates a back-draw with 20 players and 6 seeds. We begin by placing our 6
seeds in their proper positions (using Figure 2 and drawing lots) in the round of 32 of
our draw sheet, and then advance the seeds forward to the round of 16, since they
receive byes.
Next, we will place 4 back-draw matches in the round of 32. Since there are only 4
back-draw matches to place (actual number of players – next smallest draw size: 20
players – 16 draw size = 4 back matches), one should be placed in each section of 8
lines of the round of 32 (i.e., one match in subsections 1-2, another in 3-4, a third in 5-6,
and the fourth in 7-8). There are limitations concerning where these matches can be
placed, however. In subsections 1 and 2, we are limited to 3 possibilities: lines 3-4, 5-6
and 7-8. In subsections 3 and 4, the choice is even more limited – there are two
possibilities only: lines 11-12 and 13-14. Therefore, in each of the four doublesubsections,
we will draw by lot to determine which lines will receive a back-draw
match. The result is indicated by “BD” on Figure 5.
When making the draw, we will now draw the names (or numbered chips corresponding
to the names) of the remaining 14 non-seeded players. Beginning at the top of the draw
and working downward, the 1 st player drawn will play Adams; his name will be placed
below that of Adams in the round of 16. The 2 nd and 3 rd drawn will play each other in a
back-draw match (lines 5 & 6 of the round of 32). The 4 th drawn will await the winner of
the back-draw match between the 2 nd and 3 rd drawn players; his name will go on the
line above Davis in the round of 16. The 5 th drawn will play Davis; the 6 th and 7 th drawn
will play a back-draw match (lines 13 & 14 of the round of 32); and so forth.
24

FIGURE 5: THE BACK-DRAW METHOD
ABC OPEN
MEN'S SINGLES DRAW
1 1
2
ADAMS
BYE
3 1
ADAMS
4
5
6
7
5-8 8
BD
BD
2
3/4 9
10
DAVIS
BYE
DAVIS
11 3
12
13
14
15
5-8 16
BD
BD
BYE 4
FLYNN
FLYNN
5-8 17
18
19
20
21
EVERT
BYE
BD 5
BD
EVERT
22
23
3/4 24
5-8 25
26
27
BYE 6
COLLINS
BD 7
COLLINS
28 BD
SEEDS
1 ADAMS
29 2
3
BAKER
COLLINS
30 4 DAVIS
5 EVERT
31 BYE 8
6 FLYNN
BAKER
7
2 32 BAKER
8
Back-draw: 20 players in a 16 draw, with 4 back-draw matches. One back-draw
match (BD) will be randomly placed on the available lines of each double-subsection
(i.e., 8 line section such as subsections 1-2) of the 32 draw.
25

THE QUALIFYING DRAW
In certain tournaments where it is anticipated that the number of entrants will
significantly exceed the size of the Main Draw, a Qualifying event may be held. The
purpose of the Qualifying event is to select a limited number of lower-ranked players
that will gain entrance into the Main Draw. (In certain tournaments where the number of
entrants is very large, there may even be a pre-qualifying event in which players
compete for a limited number of places in the Qualifying event.) For example, in a Main
Draw of 32, the highest ranked 28 players might be accepted directly into the Main
Draw (Direct Acceptances), with 4 places in the draw reserved for winners of the
Qualifying event (Qualifiers).
Although special draw sheets are normally employed (see Figure 6), a Qualifying event
may be organized using an ordinary draw sheet. Rather than competing in order to
determine a single winner, however, as in the case of a Main Draw, the Qualifying event
will usually determine a limited number (usually 2, 4, 6 or 8) of “winners” – Qualifiers
who will enter the Main Draw. Thus, using the example in the previous paragraph (4
Qualifiers), the four “semi-finalists” will accede to the Main Draw. Alternatively, the 8
“quarter finalists”, or the 2 “finalists” may enter the Main Draw.
A slightly different procedure than that of the Main Draw is employed for the Qualifying
event. Here, draw is separated into sections, with one section for each place allotted for
a Qualifier in the Main Draw. Each section will normally have two seeded players.
Seeds 1 to X (where X is the number of Qualifiers to be determined) will be placed in
order on the first line of each section (e.g., Seed 1 on the 1 st line of section 1; Seed 2 on
the first line of section 2; and so forth). The remaining seeds (e.g., 9 to 16 in a draw with
8 sections) are randomly drawn as a group onto the bottom line of each section.
If the players have no rankings and their relative strengths are unknown, we can
distribute the players randomly, without any seeding. Or, if the relative strengths of
certain players are unknown, we can use less than 2 seeds per section. Suppose, for
example, that in the case of an 8 section Qualifying draw (which would normally have
16 seeds), the Tournament Committee decides to seed only 12 players. Seeds 1 to 8
will be placed in order on the first line of each section. Seeds 9 to 12 will then be
randomly drawn as a group onto the bottom line of sections 5 to 8. In other words, the 4
highest seeded players will not have another seeded player in their section. If 13
players were seeded, seeds 9 to 13 would be randomly drawn onto the bottom line of
sections 4 to 8; seeds 1 to 3 will not have another seeded player in their section.
Figure 6 presents a simple example of a 16-player Qualifying draw that will determine 4
Qualifiers. Eight seeds are used. Seeds 1 to 4 are placed in order on the first line of
each section (lines 1, 5, 9, 13) seeds; seeds 5-8 are randomly drawn as a group onto
the bottom line of each section (lines 4, 8, 12, 16).
The manner in which Qualifiers should be integrated into the Main Draw will be
described in the next section.
26

FIGURE 6: A QUALIFYING DRAW
ABC OPEN QUALIFYING DRAW
1 1st seed
2
3
Q1
4 seed 5-8
5 2nd seed
6
7
Q2
8 seed 5-8
9 3rd seed
10
11
Q3
12 seed 5-8
13 4th seed
14
15
Q4
16 seed 5-8
Qualifying draw to determine 4 Qualifiers for the Main draw. Eight seeds are used.
27

INSERTING QUALIFIERS INTO THE MAIN DRAW
Once the Qualifiers have been determined, the final step is to insert them into the Main
Draw. In our example above with 4 Qualifiers, in making the Main Draw we will have
drawn the position of 4 “Qs” along with the Direct Acceptances (and Wild Cards, if any);
thus, four lines of the Main Draw will be blank except for the indication “Q”.
We can now randomly draw chips 1 to 4 (representing the winners of sections 1 to 4 of
the Qualifying draw – Q1 to Q4), placing the name of the corresponding player on the
empty (Q) lines of the Main Draw in the order in which they are drawn, starting at the
top of the draw and moving downward in sequence. Let us assume that the 4 top seeds
all emerge victorious in their respective sections of the Qualifying draw, and that the
sequence drawn is 3, 1, 4, 2. The name of Seed 3 will then be inserted on the first blank
line (from the top); the name of Seed 1 on the second blank line; the name of Seed 4 on
the third blank line; and the name of Seed 2 on the final blank line.
Often, one last final-round Qualifying match drags on after the others have been
completed. In order to accelerate the process of establishing and releasing the Order of
Play (schedule) for the next day, it is an acceptable practice to insert the Qualifiers into
the Main Draw when all but one remaining Qualifier has been determined. Thus, in our
example, the names of 3 of the 4 Qualifiers will be inserted directly into the draw; the 4 th
player will be the winner of the match in progress (between Player X and Player Y).
That way the Order of Play can be established, indicating a match with Player A vs
Player X or Player Y.
28

WITHDRAWALS AND SUBSTITUTIONS
Any vacancy created by the withdrawal of a player or team will be treated in the
following manner:
A. Unseeded Players
a. From the entry deadline until the commencement of the qualifying competition:
Vacancies shall be filled by entered players selected in accordance with their
priority on the acceptance list.
b. After commencement of the qualifying competition:
i. Vacancies in the Main Draw may only be filled by Lucky Losers. Losers of the
final round of qualifying shall be selected in accordance with their priority on
the acceptance list (e.g., rankings). Ties in priority shall be broken by a draw. If
additional Lucky Losers are needed, the losers of the previous round(s) of
Qualifying shall be selected in the same manner.
ii. Vacancies in the Qualifying Draw shall be filled by entered players who have
signed-in on-site as Alternates, selected in accordance with their acceptance
priority.
c. If there is no Qualifying competition, Main Draw vacancies shall be filled by
entered players who have signed-in on-site as Alternates, in accordance with
their priority on the acceptance list. An Alternate player or team may fill a
vacancy involving any player or team that has not yet begun to compete (i. e.,
has not yet begun to play a first round match or, if a bye has been awarded, a
second round match).
B. Seeded Players (before the release of the Order of Play)
a. If seed no. 1 or no. 2 withdraws: In the case of a 32 draw (8 seeds), the 3 rd seed
will take that spot and the 5 th seed takes the open 3 rd seed position; the next player
eligible to be seeded takes the open 5 th position. The next eligible player into the
draw takes the open position created by this move. In the case of a 16 draw (4
seeds), the next player eligible to be seeded takes the open 3 rd seeded spot and the
next eligible player into the draw takes the vacancy created by this move. In the
case of a 48 or 64 draw (16 seeds), the 9 th seed takes the open 5 th seed position,
and the 13 th seed takes the 9 th seed position. The next player to be seeded will take
the open 13 th seed position; the next eligible player into the draw takes the open
position created by this move.
29

. If seed no. 3 or no. 4 withdraws: In the case of a 32 draw (8 seeds), the 5 th seed
will take that spot and the next player eligible to be seeded takes the open position;
the next eligible player into the draw takes the vacancy created by this move. In the
case of a 16 draw (4 seeds), the next player eligible to be seeded takes the open
seeded spot and the next eligible player into the draw takes the vacancy created by
this move. In the case of a 48 or 64 draw (16 seeds), the 5 th seed takes the open
spot and the 9 th seed takes the 5 th seeded position. The 13 th seed takes the 9 th
seeded position and the next player eligible to be seeded takes the open 13 th
seeded position. The next eligible player into the draw takes the open position
created by this move.
c. If the withdrawal is among seeds 5 through 8: In the case of a 32 draw (8
seeds), the next eligible player to be seeded takes the open position; the next
eligible player into the draw takes the vacancy created by this move. In the case of a
48 or 64 draw (16 seeds), the 9 th seed fills the open seed position, and the 13 th
seed takes the 9 th seeded position. The next player eligible to be seeded takes the
open 13 th seed position. The next eligible player into the draw takes the open
position created by this move.
d. If the withdrawal is among seeds 9 through 12 (48 or 64 draw with 16 seeds),
then the 13 th seed fills the open seeded position. The next player eligible to be
seeded takes the 13 th seed position. The next eligible player into the draw takes the
open position created by this move.
e. If the withdrawal is among seeds 13 through 16 (48 or 64 draw with 16 seeds),
then the next player eligible to be seeded takes the open seed position. The next
eligible player into the draw takes the open position created by this move.
If a seed withdraws after the release of the Order of play but before the commencement
of the first match, the next player eligible to be seeded takes the open spot and the
resulting vacancy will be filled by a Lucky Loser (or, if there is no Qualifying, the highest
ranked Alternate). For example, in a 16 draw (4 seeds), if seed no. 1 withdraws he/she
will be replaced by the fifth-ranked player; the place of the latter will be taken by a Lucky
Loser or an Alternate.
If a seed withdraws after the start of play, his position will be taken by a Lucky Loser (or,
if there is no qualifying, the Alternate with the highest entry priority).
In the event of the withdrawal of a significant number of seeds after the draw has been
made but more than 24 hours before the start of play, the Referee, in consultation with
the Tournament Director, may decide to remake the draw. For the purposes of this
regulation, a “significant number” shall be interpreted in the following manner:
a. for draws with 4 or 6 seeds: the withdrawal of one-half or more of the total number
of seeds (e.g., 2 or more withdrawals out of 4 seeds; 3 or more withdrawals out of
6 seeds).
30

. for draws with 8 or more seeds: the withdrawal of more than one-quarter of the
total number of seeds (e.g., 3 or more withdrawals out of 8 seeds; 5 or more
withdrawals out of 16 seeds).
C. Doubles
The above procedures apply to doubles teams as well as to singles players. In addition,
if one member of a doubles team withdraws before the team plays its first match of an
event, he may be replaced by a substitute player that is entered in another event of the
tournament, under the condition that the substitution of this player does not improve the
seeding of the team. Once the team has begun to play its first match of an event, no
substitutions of partners can occur.
31

CONSOLATION DRAWS
Most Junior and Senior National tournaments involve a feed-in consolation draw. Figure 7
shows an example of how a feed-in consolation works. The Main Draw is on the right of the
sheet, and the feed-in consolation draw on the left.
Starting at the top of the draw, Thompson beat Manzagol and advances on the right to the
second round. Manzagol moves to the left on the line marked L (loser) 1-2. The other 7 losers of
the first round matches join Manzagol of the left side of the draw.
In the second round of the Main Draw, Thompson beats Dlutek and continues on to the semifinals.
Dlutek moves to the left side of the draw onto the line marked L 1-4, indicating the loser
of the second round match involving players on lines 1 through 4. Dlutek plays Woloshen, the
winner of the 1 st round consolation match against Radechovsky.
32

FIGURE 7: MAIN DRAW WITH FEED-IN CONSOLATION DRAW
Men's Eastern Senior Indoor Nationals
MEN'S SINGLES 60 AND OVER
Jarry Park Tennis Centre
SEEDS
1. D. Thomson
26 février au 2 mars 2003
2. A. Bacha
Manzagol
L 1-2
1 David Thompson
Manzagol
61 61
2 Claude Manzagol
Niemeyer
L 3-4
3 Krys Dlutek
Hogarth
4 Reinhold Niemeyer
L 9-12
Enright
L 5-6
5 Claude Savaria
Enright 6 Bob Enright
63 62
Devine
L 7-8
7 Donald Devine
Lesage
L 13-16
8 Bob Awrey
Woloshen
L 9-10
9 Alistair Donald
Woloshen
64 75
10 Jacob Woloshen
Radechovsky
L 11-12
11 Alan Hogarth
Dlutek
12 Ivo Radechovsky
L 1-4
Belliard
L 13-14
13 Jacques Lesage
Belliard
75 64
14 Jean-Jacques Belliard
Cavayas 15 François Cavayas
L 15-16
Awrey
L 5-8
16 Ali Bacha
33
D. Thompson
60 60
K. Dlutek
62 62
C. Savaria
64 64
B. Awrey
75 75
A. Donald
61 61
A. Hogarth
63 62
J. Lesage
A. Bacha
3e place
D. Thompson
64 64
C. Savaria
16 64 64
A. Donald
75 75
A. Bacha
63 76(2)
3. I. Radechovsky
4. Claude Savaria

JUNIOR NATIONALS: CONDUCTING THE DRAW
16 AND UNDER AND 18 AND UNDER NATIONALS
In this section, we review how to conduct a Junior Nationals Draw for the 16 and Under
(U16) and 18 and Under (U18) National events. The 12 and Under (U12) and 14 and
Under (U14) categories use a different procedure that will be present below.
For the two older age groups, we first present a 1-page Quick Reference Guide for
conducting the singles and doubles draws, and then examine a detailed example of
each type of draw.
The key to conducting a relatively complicated draw such as the ones shown here lies
in advance preparation on the part of the Referee.
You must understand the procedure and be able to explain it to the players attending
the public draw. Note, however, that you will want to determine the position of the backdraw
matches before making the public draw. Generally, this procedure will be carried
out in the presence of one or more of the provincial coaches.
34

QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE
U16 AND U18 NATIONAL JUNIOR CHAMPIONSHIPS
PROCEDURE FOR MAKING THE DRAW
A. PREPARE THE DRAW SHEETS AND PLAYER LIST
1. On the left of the sheet, indicate positions for the seeds (see B & C and Figs. 8 & 9).
2. Fill in the names of the 1 st seed (line 1) and 2 nd seed (singles, line 64; doubles, line 32).
3. Determine the possible positions for back-draw matches in each quarter.
4. Draw to see which of these positions will receive a back-draw match. (Singles: 2 backdraw
matches by 16-line quarter; doubles: 1 back-draw match by 8-line quarter). In order
to avoid difficulties in the feed-in consolation draw, two back-draw matches should not be
adjacent to each other (e.g., lines 5-6 and 7-8).
5. Mark the position of the back-draw matches on the draw sheets.
6. Number players 1 – 40 (singles) or teams 1 – 20 (doubles). For seeded players, number
should correspond to seeding.
B. MAKING THE DRAW – SINGLES (40 players, 10 seeds, 64-draw sheet)
1. Draw between chips 3 & 4: player drawn goes on line 17; other goes on line 48.
2. Successively draw from chips 5 – 8: as drawn, players should go on lines 16, 32, 33, 49.
3. Draw between chips 9 & 10: player drawn goes on line 25; other goes on line 40.
4. Mark “BYE” for seeds and advance them to round of 32.
5. Draw chips 11-40 to place remaining players, beginning at the top and working
downwards, and alternating as necessary between the round of 32 and the back-draw
matches in the round of 64.
C. MAKING THE DRAW – DOUBLES (20 teams, 6 seeds, 32-draw sheet)
1. Draw between chips 3 & 4: player drawn goes on line 9; other goes on line 24.
2. Draw between chips 5 & 6: player drawn goes on line 16; other goes on line 17.
3. Mark “BYE” for seeds and advance them to round of 16.
4. Draw chips 7-20 to place remaining players, beginning at the top and working
downwards, and alternating as necessary between the round of 16 and the back-draw
matches in the round of 32.
35

DETAILED EXAMPLES
1. SINGLES (40 players with 10 seeds; 64-draw sheet)
a. POSITION OF SEEDS. See Figure 8 for relative position of various seeds.
b. BACK-DRAW MATCHES. Determine the position of eight (8) back-draw matches
(i.e., the position of 16 players) in the round of 64.
i. Two back-draw matches should be placed in each quarter (16-line section) of the
draw. There are limitations concerning where these matches can be placed,
however. For example, in the first quarter there are six possibilities for placing the
back-draw matches: lines 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, 9-10, 11-12 and 13-14. (Lines 1-2 and 15-
16 are already occupied by seeds and their corresponding byes.) Draw two chips
from a group numbered 1-6 to determine the position of the two matches (e.g. 1 =
lines 3-4 etc.) Note also that two back-draw matches should not be placed on
adjacent lines; if a first back-draw match is drawn onto lines 3-4, another cannot
be drawn onto lines 5-6.
ii.
Repeat the procedure so as to place two back-draw matches in each of the other
three quarters. In the fourth quarter (lines 49-64) there are also six possibilities for
placing back-draw matches, while in each of the second (lines 17-32) and third
(33-48) quarters there are five possibilities.
c. DRAWING SEEDS. As indicated in the Quick Reference Guide, every seed position
except the first and second is determined by lot, using the following procedure:
i. Place Seed 1 on Line 1 and Seed 2 on Line 64.
ii.
Draw Seeds 3 and 4 as a pair, placing the first drawn in the top half (line 17) and
the second drawn in the bottom half (line 48).
iii. Draw Seeds 5-8 as a group, placing them in the order drawn on lines 16, 32, 33
and 49.
iv. Draw Seeds 9 and 10 as a pair, placing the first drawn in the top half (line 25) and
the second drawn in the bottom half (line 40).
v. Mark a “BYE” for the seeded players in the round of 64 and advance them to the
round of 32.
d. COMPLETING THE DRAW. Draw chips numbered 11-40, corresponding to the names
of the remaining 30 non-seeded players. Begin at the top of the draw and work
downwards, alternating as necessary between the round of 32 and the back draw
matches in the round of 64.
Example. Figure 8 shows the top half of the draw, with back-draw matches randomly drawn into
lines 5-6, 9-10, 21-22 and 29-30 (indicated by BD to the left of the line numbers). The 1 st player
drawn will go in the round of 32 opposite lines 3-4; the 2 nd and 3 rd players drawn will go on lines
5 and 6 of the round of 64; the 4 th player drawn will go in the round of 32 opposite lines 7-8; and
so forth.
36

FIGURE 8: DRAWING PLAYERS INTO THE TOP HALF OF THE SINGLES DRAW
NATIONAL 16 AND UNDER CHAMPIONSHIPS
BOY'S SINGLES DRAW
(TOP HALF)
1 1
2
SEED 1
BYE
SEED 1
3
4
1st drawn
BD 5
2nd drawn
BD 6
3rd drawn
7
8
4th drawn
BD 9
5th drawn
BD 10
6th drawn
11
12
7th drawn
13
14
8th drawn
15
5-8 16
3/4 17
18
BYE
SEED 5-8
SEED 3 or 4
BYE
SEED 5-8
SEED 3 or 4
FINALIST
TOP HALF
19
20
9th drawn
BD 21 10th drawn
BD 22
11th drawn
23
24
9/10 25
26
27
28
BD 29
SEED 9 or 10
BYE
14th drawn
12th drawn
SEED 9 or 10
13th drawn
BD 30 15th drawn
31
5-8 32
BYE
SEED 5-8
SEED 5-8
37

2. DOUBLES (20 teams with 6 seeds; 32-draw sheet)
a. POSITION OF SEEDS. See Figure 9 for relative position of various seeds.
b. BACK DRAW MATCHES. Determine the position of four (4) back-draw matches
(i.e., the position of 8 teams) in the round of 32.
i. One back-draw match should be placed in each quarter (8-line section) of the
draw. There are limitations concerning where these matches can be placed,
however. For example, in the first quarter there are three possibilities for placing
the back-draw matches: lines 3-4, 5-6 and 7-8. (Lines 1-2 are already occupied by
a seeded team and its corresponding bye.) Draw one chip from a group numbered
1-3 to determine the position of the back-draw match (e.g. 1 = lines 3-4 etc.)
ii. Repeat the procedure so as to place one back-draw match in each of the other
three quarters. In the fourth quarter (lines 25-32) there are also three possibilities
for placing back-draw matches, while in each of the second (lines 9-16) and third
(17-24) quarters there are two possibilities.
c. DRAWING SEEDS. As indicated in the Quick Reference Guide, every seed position
except the first and second is determined by lot, using the following procedure:
i. Place Seed 1 on line 1 and Seed 2 on line 32.
ii. Draw Seeds 3 and 4 as a pair, placing the first drawn in the top half (line 9) and
the second drawn in the bottom half (line 24).
iii. Draw Seeds 5 and 6 as a pair, placing the first drawn in the top half (line 16) and
the second drawn in the bottom half (line 17).
iv. Mark a “BYE” for the seeded teams in the round of 32 and advance them to the
round of 16.
d. COMPLETING THE DRAW. Now draw chips numbered 7-20, corresponding to the
names of the remaining 14 non-seeded teams. Begin at the top of the draw and work
downwards, alternating as necessary between the round of 16 and the back draw
matches in the round of 32.
Example. Figure 9 shows the draw, with back-draw matches randomly drawn into lines
3-4, 13-14, 21-22 and 25-26 (indicated by BD to the left of the line numbers). The 1 st
and 2 nd teams drawn will go in the round of 32 on lines 3-4; the 3 rd team drawn will go
on in the round of 16 opposite lines 5 and 6 of the round of 32; the 4 th team drawn will
go in the round of 16 opposite lines 7-8; and so forth.
38

FIGURE 9: DRAWING PLAYERS INTO A DOUBLES DRAW
NATIONAL 16 AND UNDER CHAMPIONSHIPS
BOY'S DOUBLES DRAW
1 1
2
SEED 1
BYE
SEED 1
BD
3 1st drawn
BD 4
2nd drawn
5
6
7
8
3/4 9
10
11
12
BD 13
BD 14
15
5/6 16
5/6 17
18
19
20
SEED 3 or 4
BYE
6th drawn
7th drawn
BYE
SEED 5 or 6
SEED 5 or 6
BYE
3rd drawn
4th drawn
SEED 3 or 4
5th drawn
SEED 5 or 6
SEED 5 or 6
8th drawn
BD 21 9th drawn
BD 22
23
3/4 24
BD 25
BD 26
27
28
29
30
31
2 32
10th drawn
BYE
SEED 3 or 4
11th drawn
12th drawn
BYE
SEED 2
SEED 3 or 4
13th drawn
14th drawn
SEED 2
39

12 AND UNDER AND 14 AND UNDER NATIONALS
The 12 and Under as well as the 14 and Under Junior Nationals use a modified
compass draw format, the former with 32 players and the later with 40 players. Both
begin with round-robin play (8 groups of 4 players for the U12 and 8 groups of 5 players
for the U14); players are then assigned to flights on the basis of round-robin results. In
both cases, 16 seeds are used: 2 for each of the 8 groups or pools. The next two pages
summarize the procedures for drawing players for round-robin singles play at the U12
and U14 Nationals, while Figures 10 – 15 illustrate typical round-robin draws and the
resulting flights for these events. Note that the first round losers of the main flights
(Figures 11 and 14) move into consolation flights (Figures 12 and 15).
Note also that, in both cases, players are drawn onto the round-robin table (Figures 10
and 13), rather than onto a conventional draw-sheet.
Ties in round-robin play are broken in accordance with Tournament Regulation 22 of the
Rules of the Court.
In doubles, the U12 Nationals uses a team competition, while the U14 Nationals
employs the same 20 player draw as the U16 and U18 Nationals.
40

U12 CANADIAN JUNIOR NATIONALS
Procedure for the placement of participants for Round Robin singles play
(32 draw)
Placement of seeds:
The #1 seed will be placed into Group #1. The #2 seed will be placed into Group #2.
The #3 or #4 seed will be drawn into Group #3. The remaining seed will be placed into Group #4.
The #5, #6, #7 and #8 seeds will be drawn into either Group #5, Group #6, Group #7 or Group #8.
Seeds #9 through #12 will be drawn into either Group #5, Group #6, Group #7 or Group #8.
Seeds #13 through #16 will be drawn into either Group #1, Group #2, Group #3 or Group #4.
Placement of remaining participants:
The first 8 names drawn will be placed in separate groups beginning with Group #1 and ending in Group #8. The final
8 names drawn will placed in the same way*
* Where possible, each pool should have no more than 2 players from the same
province. Once a pool has 2 players from the same province, the player
drawn will be put in the next available/open pool.
Only if there is no other possibility (due to the number of entrants from a
specific region) will three players from the same province be permitted.
41

U14 CANADIAN JUNIOR NATIONALS
Procedure for the placement of participants for Round Robin singles play
(40 draw)
Placement of seeds:
The #1 seed will be placed into Group #1. The #2 seed will be placed into Group #2.
The #3 or #4 seed will be drawn into Group #3. The remaining seed will be placed into Group #4.
The #5, #6, #7 and #8 seeds will be drawn into either Group #5, Group #6, Group #7 or Group #8.
Seeds #9 through #12 will be drawn into either Group #5, Group #6, Group #7 or Group #8.
Seeds #13 through #16 will be drawn into either Group #1, Group #2, Group #3 or Group #4.
Placement of remaining participants:
The remaining 24 names drawn in order and will be placed in separate groups beginning with Group #1 and ending
in Group #8, then repeating the same procedure an additional two times*
* Where possible, each pool will strive to have no more than 2 players from the same
province. Once a pool has 2 players from the same province, the player
drawn will be put in the next available/open pool.
Only, if there is no other possibility (due to the number of entrants from a
specific region) will three players from the same province be permitted.
42

FIGURE 10: U12 ROUND-ROBIN
2006 Under-12 Canadian Nationals
Championnats canadiens 12 ans et moins 2006
August 11-18 - Gray Rocks Resort - St. Jovite, Quebec
Simple masculin - Rondes préliminaires
Boys Singles - Preliminary Matches
Group 1 Hernandez Erdman LaBarre Gerstein Record Placement
Roger Hernandez (QUE) #1 seed 6-0,2-6,6-2 6-1,6-0 6-0,6-0 3 and 0 1st
Matthew Erdman (ONT) #13-16T seed 0-6,6-2,2-6 6-2,6-2 6-2,6-2 2 and 1 2nd
Matt LaBarre (AB) 1-6,0-6 2-6,2-6 6-3,6-0 1 and 2 3rd
J.J. Gerstein (MN) 0-6,0-6 2-6,2-6 3-6,0-6 0 and 3 4th
Group 2 Monette Walker Allen LeBlanc Record Placement
Samuel Monette (QUE) #2 seed 3-6,7-6(1),6-2 7-5,6-1 6-0,6-1 3 and 0 1st
Patrick Walker (BC) #13-16T seed 6-3,6-7(1),2-6 6-2,6-1 6-0,6-0 2 and 1 2nd
Morgan Allen (ONT) 5-7,1-6 2-6,1-6 6-1,6-0 1 and 2 3rd
Zach LeBlanc (NB) 0-6,1-6 0-6,0-6 0-6,1-6 0 and 3 4th
Group 3 Obucina Binet Wilson Conlon Record Placement
Filip Obucina (ONT) #3 seed 6-2,6-0 6-0,6-0 6-0,6-0 3 and 0 1st
Penfield Binet (ONT) #13-16T seed 2-6,0-6 6-0,6-0 6-0,6-0 2 and 1 2nd
Brendan Wilson (NB) 0-6,0-6 0-6,0-6 7-5,6-1 1 and 2 3rd
Luke Conlon (Prairie) 0-6,0-6 0-6,0-6 5-7,1-6 0 and 3 4th
Group 4 Tsimerman Lanoie Sluchinski Viner Record Placement
Daniel Tsimerman (ONT) #4 seed 6-3,6-3 6-3,6-3 6-1,6-2 3 and 0 1st
Arnaud Lanoie (QUE) #13-16T seed 3-6,3-6 6-1,6-1 6-0,6-2 2 and 1 2nd
Jordan Sluchinski (AB) 3-6,3-6 1-6,1-6 6-3,7-5 1 and 2 3rd
Benny Viner (AB) 1-6,2-6 0-6,2-6 3-6,5-7 0 and 3 4th
Group 5 Peliwo Trkulja Schnur Portelance Record Placement
Filip Peliwo (BC) #5 seed 6-1,4-6,6-1 6-2,6-3 6-3,7-6(2) 3 and 0 1st
Roman Trkulja (ONT) #9-12T seed 1-6,6-4,1-6 5-7,1-6 6-1,6-1 1 and 2 3rd
Brayden Schnur (ONT) 2-6,3-6 7-5,6-1 6-1,7-5 2 and 1 2nd
Alex Portelance (QUE) 3-6,6-7(2) 1-6,1-6 1-6,5-7 0 and 3 4th
Group 6 Difeo Cadieux Selchen Lahey Record Placement
Hugo Difeo (QUE) #8 seed 6-2,6-2 6-0,6-0 6-2,6-1 3 and 0 1st
Frederick Cadieux (QUE) #9-12T seed 2-6,2-6 6-0,6-1 6-3,6-0 2 and 1 2nd
Yale Selchen (MN) 0-6,0-6 0-6,1-6 1-6,0-6 0 and 3 4th
Mathew Lahey (NFLD) 2-6,1-6 3-6,0-6 6-1,6-0 1 and 2 3rd
Group 7 Fought Mong Hamill Bednarczyk Record Placement
Todd Fought (BC) #7 seed 6-1,6-4 6-2,6-1 4-6,3-6 2 and 1 2nd
Loic Mong (QUE) #9-12T seed 1-6,4-6 6-4,6-4 0-6,6-7(3) 1 and 2 3rd
Mark Hamill (AB) 2-6,1-6 4-6,4-6 0-6,3-6 0 and 3 4th
Daniel Bednarczyk (ONT) 6-4,6-3 6-0,7-6(3) 6-0,6-3 3 and 0 1st
Group 8 du Toit Gallant Waslen Chauhan Record Placement
Riann du Toit (BC) #6 seed 6-3,6-2 6-0,6-0 6-1,6-0 3 and 0 1st
Simon Gallant (QUE) #9-12T seed 3-6,2-6 6-0,6-0 6-1,6-0 2 and 1 2nd
Jonathan Waslen (SK) 0-6,0-6 0-6,0-6 3-6,0-6 0 and 3 4th
Alistair Chauhan (NS) 1-6,0-6 1-6,0-6 6-3,6-0 1 and 2 3rd
43

FIGURE 11: U12 MAIN FLIGHTS
Championnats canadiens 12 ans et moins 2006
2006 Under - 12 Canadian Nationals
August 11-18, 2006 - Gray Rocks Resort - St. Jovite, Quebec
Boys Singles / Simple masculin
Groupe «Championnat»
G1 Roger Hernandez (QUE) Championship Flight
F. Peliwo 6-1,7-5
G5
G8
Filip Peliwo (BC)
Riann du Toit (BC)
F. Peliwo 6-1,6-2
F. Obucina 6-3,6-0
G3 Filip Obucina (ONT)
3rd/4th F. Obucina 6-2,6-1 S. Monette 3-6,6-3,6-3
G4 Daniel Tsimerman (ONT) D. Bednarczyk
D. Bednarczyk 6-1,7-6(1)
G7
G6
Daniel Bednarczyk
Hugo Difeo (QUE)
S. Monette 7-5,6-3
S. Monette 6-2,5-7,6-3
G2
Samuel Monette (QUE)
Groupe 2
G1 Matthew Erdman (ONT) Flight 2
M. Erdman 2-6,6-1,6-3
G5
G8
Brayden Schnur (ONT)
Simon Gallant (QUE)
M. Erdman 7-5,6-0
P. Binet 6-6(6-6 ret)
G3 Penfield Binet (ONT)
P. Binet 6-3,6-3 M. Erdman 6-4,6-3
G4 Arnaud Lanoie (QUE) P. Walker
T. Fought 6-0,6-0
G7
G6
Todd Fought (BC)
Frederick Cadieux (QUE)
T. Fought 6-1,6-2
P. Walker 7-5,6-4
G2
Patrick Walker (BC)
44

FIGURE 11: U12 MAIN FLIGHTS (cont.)
Championnats canadiens 12 ans et moins 2006
2006 Under - 12 Canadian Nationals
August 11-18, 2006 - Gray Rocks Resort - St. Jovite, Quebec
Boys Singles / Simple masculin
Groupe 3
G1 Matt LaBarre (AB) Flight 3
R. Trkulja 6-0,6-0
G5
G8
Roman Trkulja (ONT)
Alistair Chauhan (NS)
R. Trkulja 6-0,6-0
A. Chauhan 6-1,6-2
G3 Brendan Wilson (NB)
3rd/4th M. Allen 3-6, 6-1,6-1 R. Trkulja 6-2,6-1
G4 Jordan Sluchinski (AB) A. Chauhan
L. Mong 6-2,6-2
G7
G6
Loic Mong (QUE)
Mathew Lahey (NFLD)
3rd/4th L. Mong 6-2,6-4
M. Allen 6-1,6-2
G2
Morgan Allen (ONT)
Groupe 4
G1 J. J. Gerstein (MN) Flight 4
A. Portelace 6-0,6-0
G5
G8
Alex Portelance (QUE)
Jonathan Waslen (SK)
A. Portelance 6-0,6-0
J. Waslen 6-2,6-2
G3 Luke Conlon (SK)
J. Waslen 6-3,6-3 A. Portelance 6-1,6-0
G4 Benny Viner (AB) Y. Selchen
M. Hamill 6-4,4-6,6-1
G7
G6
Mark Hamill (AB)
Yale Selchen (MN)
M. Hamill 6-2,6-4
Y. Selchen 6-1,6-0
G2
Zack LeBlanc (NB)
45

FIGURE 12: U12 CONSOLATION FLIGHTS
Championnats canadiens 12 ans et moins 2006
2006 Under 12 Canadian Nationals
August 11-18: Gray Rocks Resort - St. Jovite, Quebec
Boys Singles / Simple masculin
Groupe «Championnat» / Championship Flight: Consolation
R. Hernandez (QUE)
Loser G1 / G5
R. Hernandez 4-6,6-1,6-3
R. du Toit (BC)
Loser G8 / G3
R. Hernandez 6-2,6-4
D. Tsimerman (ONT)
Loser G4 / G7
H. Difeo 2-6,6-1,6-4
H. Difeo (QUE)
Loser G6 /G2
Groupe / Flight 2: Consolation
B. Schnur (ONT)
Loser G1 / G5
B. Schnur (def)
S. Gallant (QUE)
Loser G8 / G3
F. Cadieux 6-3,7-6(3)
A. Lanoie (QUE)
Loser G4 / G7
F. Cadieux 6-4,1-6,6-3
F. Cadieux (QUE)
Loser G6 / G2
46

FIGURE 12: U12 CONSOLATION FLIGHTS (cont.)
Championnats canadiens 12 ans et moins 2006
2006 Under 12 Canadian Nationals
August 11-18: Gray Rocks Resort - St. Jovite, Quebec
Boys Singles / Simple masculin
Groupe / Flight 3: Consolation
M. LaBarre (AB)
Loser G1 / G5
M. Labarre 6-1,6-0
B. Wilson (NB)
Loser G8 / G3
J. Sluchinski 6-0,6-0
J. Sluchinski (AB)
Loser G4 / G7
J. Sluchinski 7-5,6-3
M. Lehey (NFLD)
Loser G6 / G2
Groupe / Flight 4: Consolation
J.J. Gerstein (MB)
Loser G1 / G5
J.J. Gerstein 6-1,6-2
L. Conlon (MB)
Loser G8 / G3
B. Viner 6-7(1),7-6(5),6-0
B. Viner (AB)
Loser G4 / G7
B. Viner 5-0 (def)
Z. LeBlanc (NB)
Loser G6 / G2
47

FIGURE 13: U14 ROUND-ROBIN
48

FIGURE 14: U14 MAIN FLIGHTS
49

FIGURE 14: U14 MAIN FLIGHTS (cont.)
50

FIGURE 14: U14 MAIN FLIGHTS (cont.)
51

FIGURE 15: U14 CONSOLATION FLIGHTS
52

FIGURE 15: U14 CONSOLATION FLIGHTS (cont.)
53

FIGURE 15: U14 CONSOLATION FLIGHTS (cont.)
54

THE DRAW: AN EXAMPLE
This section presents a detailed example of the draw process, beginning with the
establishment of an acceptance list. This example is loosely based upon the men’s
singles event of the Circuit Canada $9,000 tournament held in Repentigny, Quebec in
mid-November 2001.
THE ACCEPTANCE LIST
Figure 16 presents the Acceptance List for the event; players are ordered according to
their most recent national ranking before the tournament (1 November, 2001). Eighteen
entrants have no national ranking, which is the principal criterion for acceptance priority
in this tournament. With a Main Draw and a Qualifying Draw of 32 each, and with 8
places for qualifiers in the Main Draw, we have four more entries than available places.
(Main draw of 32 – 8 qualifying players = 24 Direct Acceptances into the main draw;
plus 32 places in the Qualifying Draw: 24+32 = 56 places available.) Note that one of
the entrants, Kia Besharat (37 th on the list), was originally assigned to the women’s
entry list by the tournament’s administrative personnel due to his unusual first name.
Fortunately, the error was discovered early in the process.
Figure 17 indicates the next step in the process. The 24 highest-ranked players receive
Direct Acceptances (DA) into the Main Draw (another 8 places will be awarded to
qualifiers). Players in the 25 th to 42 nd positions, all of whom have national rankings,
receive Direct Acceptances into the Qualifications (QA). This leaves us with 18 players
for the remaining 14 places in the Qualifications. These players, having no national
rankings will be considered to be of equal merit; we thus must draw lots to determine
which 4 players will not be accepted into the qualifications. This may be done by
selecting 4 chips from a set numbered 43 to 60 (or numbered 1 to 18, assigning a 1 to
Arpin and continuing until an 18 is assigned to Shearmur – refer to Figure 16). Cavayas,
Polèse, Shearmur and Hamel are drawn, and are eliminated from the Qualifications.
The other 14 non-ranked players are thus accepted into the Qualifications (QA). The 4
non-accepted players become alternates for the Qualifications; in the event that there
are one or more withdrawals before the start of the tournament one or more of them
may be able to enter the qualifications. Thus, we will need to place the alternates in an
order of priority for entry. This is done by drawing chips numbered 1 to 4 (or the four
names). Cavayas is drawn first and thus becomes the 1 st alternate, and so forth.
55

FIGURE 16: REPENTIGNY ACCEPTANCE LIST - A
NAME PROV NAT. RANK (1 Nov. 01)
1 Jocelyn Robichaud QC 6
2 Frank Dancevic ON 12
3Adam Baranowski ON 15
4 Matt Bacarrani ON 23
5Ricky Twynam QC 24
6David Abelson QC 31
7 John Schiavo ON 42
8 Shiv Oberoi QC 43
9 Ali Zaver ON 45
10 Alex Gravina ON 48
11 Nicolas Brotman ON 58
12 Daniel Opaina ON 59
13 Marc-André Ladouceur QC 60
14 Hughes Laverdière QC 60
15 David Goulet QC 68
16 Richard Cooper ON 70
17 Adam Bono QC 83
18 Stephan Timu QC 87
19 Joshua Pinto ON 90
20 Chris Magnone QC 98
21 Tom DeLarzac ON 104
22 Mike Magnone QC 135
23 Alexandre Malka QC 145
24 Bruno Agostinelli ON 152
25 Jarred Leibner QC 154
26 Zachary Rath QC 154
27 Alex Shields QC 161
28 Steven Goulet QC 169
29 Peter Worthing ON 171
30 Steve Pourciel QC 208
31 Jean-François Robitaille QC 220
32 Sascha Anikine ON 232
33 Danny Rousseau QC 232
34 Marc Leclair QC 232
35 Érik Chvojka QC 285
36 Samuel Khanzadian QC 288
37 Kia Besharat BC 296
38 Jadys Bourdelais QC 316
39 Charles Anthony Levaque QC 316
40 Ludovic Marmet-Demers QC 316
41 Pascal Bouchard QC 463
42 Georges Sarantinos QC 620
43 Jonathan Arpin QC -
44 Carl-Henry Barthold ON -
45 Gilles Boileau QC -
46 Christopher Bryant QC -
47 Alex Bykov ON -
48 François Cavayas QC -
49 François Courchesne QC -
50 Nicolas Dutil QC -
51 James Gray QC -
52 Pierre Hamel QC -
53 Jason Labrosse QC -
54 Daniel Larouche QC -
55 Paul McIntyre QC -
56 Christophe Norbert QC -
57 Claude Manzagol QC -
58 Mario Polèse QC -
59 Jordan Saibil QC -
60 Richard Shearmur QC -
56

FIGURE 17: REPENTIGNY ACCEPTANCE LIST - B
NAME PROV NAT. RANK (1 Nov. 01) STATUS
1 Jocelyn Robichaud QC 6 DA
2 Frank Dancevic ON 12 DA
3 Adam Baranowski ON 15 DA
4 Matt Bacarrani ON 23 DA
5 Ricky Twynam QC 24 DA
6 David Abelson QC 31 DA
7 John Schiavo ON 42 DA
8 Shiv Oberoi QC 43 DA
9 Ali Zaver ON 45 DA
10 Alex Gravina ON 48 DA
11 Nicolas Brotman ON 58 DA
12 Daniel Opaina ON 59 DA
13 Marc-André Ladouceur QC 60 DA
14 Hughes Laverdière QC 60 DA
15 David Goulet QC 68 DA
16 Richard Cooper ON 70 DA
17 Adam Bono QC 83 DA
18 Stephan Timu QC 87 DA
19 Joshua Pinto ON 90 DA
20 Chris Magnone QC 98 DA
21 Tom DeLarzac ON 104 DA
22 Mike Magnone QC 135 DA
23 Alexandre Malka QC 145 DA
24 Bruno Agostinelli ON 152 DA
25 Jarred Leibner QC 154 QA
26 Zachary Rath QC 154 QA
27 Alex Shields QC 161 QA
28 Steven Goulet QC 169 QA
29 Peter Worthing ON 171 QA
30 Steve Pourciel QC 208 QA
31 Jean-François Robitaille QC 220 QA
32 Sascha Anikine ON 232 QA
33 Danny Rousseau QC 232 QA
34 Marc Leclair QC 232 QA
35 Érik Chvojka QC 285 QA
36 Samuel Khanzadian QC 288 QA
37 Kia Besharat BC 296 QA
38 Jadys Bourdelais QC 316 QA
39 Charles Anthony Levaque QC 316 QA
40 Ludovic Marmet-Demers QC 316 QA
41 Pascal Bouchard QC 463 QA
42 Georges Sarantinos QC 620 QA
43 Jonathan Arpin QC - QA
44 Carl-Henry Barthold ON - QA
45 Gilles Boileau QC - QA
46 Christopher Bryant QC - QA
47 Alex Bykov ON - QA
48 François Courchesne QC - QA
49 Nicolas Dutil QC - QA
50 James Gray QC - QA
51 Jason Labrosse QC - QA
52 Daniel Larouche QC - QA
53 Paul McIntyre QC - QA
54 Christophe Norbert QC - QA
55 Claude Manzagol QC - QA
56 Jordan Saibil QC - QA
57 François Cavayas QC - Alternate
58 Mario Polèse QC - Alternate
59 Richard Shearmur QC - Alternate
60 Pierre Hamel QC - Alternate
57

THE MAIN DRAW
Now that we have established the list of acceptances for the Main and Qualifying
Draws, we are able to make these draws. Starting with the Main Draw, we first position
the 8 seeded players as explained above in the section on “Seeding and the Position of
Seeds”. There are no byes, so we may proceed directly to filling in the 24 remaining
lines of the draw. We do this by drawing chips corresponding to the names of the 16
unseeded direct acceptances, plus 8 as-yet unidentified qualifiers. We could do this by
drawing chips 1 to 24, where chips 1 to 8 refer to as yet undetermined Qualifiers (Q)
and chips 9 to 24 refer to actual players as indicated in Figure 17 (e.g., 9 = Zaver, 24 =
Agostinelli). Or, alternatively, we could draw chips 9 to 32, where chips 9 to 24 refer to
Zaver through Agostinelli, respectively, and chips 25 to 32 refer to Qualifiers.
We place the names (or Qs) drawn on empty lines in the order in which they are drawn,
starting at the top of the draw and moving downward in sequence. Figure 18 shows the
result. Thus, the 8 qualifiers will be inserted on lines 3, 4, 5, 12, 20, 22, 27 and 29.
THE QUALIFYING DRAW
To begin the Qualifying Draw, we first place the first 8 seeds in order on the first lines of
sections 1 to 8 (one section per qualifier). Note that Leibner and Rath (numbers 25 and
26 on the acceptance list) have the same national ranking. The toss of a coin indicates
that Rath will be the 1st seed and Leibner the 2 nd . Similarly, three other players,
numbered 32, 33 and 34 (Anikine, Rousseau and Leclair), have equivalent rankings; we
draw to determine that the seeding order 8-9-10 will go to Leclair, Rousseau and
Anikine, respectively. The same situation arises with the 14 th , 15 th and 16 th seeds
(numbers 38, 39 and 40 on the acceptance list), but since seeds 9 to 16 will be drawn
and placed as a group on the bottom line of each section, starting with section 1 and
moving down the draw, we need not determine the specific order. The position of the 16
seeds is indicated in Figure 19.
It now remains to position the remaining 16 non-seeded players on empty lines in the
order in which they are drawn, starting at the top of the draw and moving downward in
sequence. We can do this by sequentially drawing chips 41 to 56, for example. Figure
20 shows the result of this process. Q1 to Q8, the winners of each respective section,
will then move into the Main Draw.
INSERTING QUALIFIERS INTO THE MAIN DRAW
Once the eight Qualifiers (Q1 to Q8) have been determined, the final step is to insert
them into the Main Draw. We now draw chips 1 to 8 (representing the winners of
sections 1 to 8 – Q1 to Q8), placing the name of the corresponding player on the empty
(Q) lines of the Main Draw in the order in which they are drawn, starting at the top of the
draw and moving downward in sequence. Let us assume that the eight top seeds all
58

emerge victorious in their respective sections of the Qualifying Draw, and that the
sequence drawn is 5, 1, 7, 3, 8, 2, 4, 6. Referring back to Figures 19 and 20, we see
that Worthing (Q5) will be placed on line 3 of the main draw, and Pourciel (Q6) on line
29.
59

FIGURE 18: REPENTIGNY MAIN DRAW
CHALLENGE L'ACTION LE CLUB
CIRCUIT CANADA
14-18 November 2001
MEN'S SINGLES DRAW
1 1
ROBICHAUD, Jocelyn
QC
2 MAGNONE, Mike QC
Q
3
Q 4
Q 5
6 LADOUCEUR, Marc-A. QC
7
BROTMAN, Nicolas
ON
5 8 TWYNAM, Ricky QC
4 9
BACARRANI, Matt
ON
10 AGOSTINELLI, Bruno ON
11 BONO, Adam
QC
Q 12
13
LAVERDIÈRE, Hughues
QC
14 OPAINA, Daniel ON
15
TIMU, Stephan
QC
6 16 ABELSON, David QC
8 17
OBEROI, Shiv
QC
18 DELARZAC, Tom ON
19
Q 20
GOULET, David
QC
Q 22
21 ZAVER, Aly ON
23
MAGNONE, Chris
QC
3 24 BARANOWSKI, Adam ON
7 25
SCHIAVO, John
ON
Q 27
26 MALKA, Alexandre QC
28 COOPER, Richard ON SEEDS
1 ROBICHAUD, J
Q 29 2
3
DANCEVIC, F
BARANOWSKI, A
30 GRAVINA, Alex
ON 4 BACARRANI, M
5 TWYNAM, R
31 PINTO, Joshua
ON
6
7
ABELSON, D
SCHIAVO, J
2 32 DANCEVIC, Frank ON 8 OBEROI, S
60

FIGURE 19: SEEDS FOR QUALIFYING DRAW
CHALLENGE L'ACTION LE CLUB
CIRCUIT CANADA
14-18 November 2001
MEN'S SINGLES QUALIFICATIONS
1 1
2
3
RATH, Zachary
QC
Q1
16 4 BOURDELAIS, Jadys QC
2 5
LIEBNER, Jared
QC
6
7
Q2
13 8 BESHARAT, Kia BC
3 9
SHIELDS, Alex
QC
10
11
Q3
15 12 LEVAQUE, Charles-A QC
4 13
GOULET, Steven
QC
14
15
Q4
11 16 CHVOJKA, Eric QC
5 17
WORTHING, Peter
ON
18
19
Q5
10 20 ANIKINE, Sascha ON
6 21 POURCIEL, Steve QC
22
23
Q6
12 24 KHANZADIAN, Samuel QC
7 25
ROBITAILLE, Jean-F.
QC
26
27
Q7
9 28 ROUSSEAU, Danny QC SEEDS
1 RATH, J 9
8 29 LECLAIR, Marc QC
2 LEIBNER, J 10
3 SHIELDS, A 11
30 4 GOULET, S 12
Q8 5 WORTHING, P 13
31 6 POURCIEL, S 14
7 ROBITAILLE, J-F 15
14 32 MARMET-DEMERS, L QC 8 LECLAIR, M 16
ROUSSEAU, D
ANIKINE, S
CHVOJKA, E
KHANZADIAN, S
BESHARAT, K
MARMET-DEMERS, L
LEVAQUE, C-A
BOURDELAIS, J
61

FIGURE 20: COMPLETED QUALIFYING DRAW
CHALLENGE L'ACTION LE CLUB
CIRCUIT CANADA
14-18 November 2001
MEN'S SINGLES QUALIFICATIONS
1 1
RATH, Zachary
QC
2 SAIBIL, Jordan
QC
3 MCINTYRE, Paul QC
Q1
16 4 BOURDELAIS, Jadys QC
2 5
LIEBNER, Jared
QC
6 BOUCHARD, Pascal QC
7 MANZAGOL, Claude QC
Q2
13 8 BESHARAT, Kia BC
3 9
SHIELDS, Alex
QC
10 BARTHOLD, Carl-H. QC
11 GRAY, James
QC
Q3
15 12 LEVAQUE, Charles-A QC
4 13
GOULET, Steven
QC
14 ARPIN, Jonathan QC
15 NORBERT, Christophe QC
Q4
11 16 CHVOJKA, Eric QC
5 17
WORTHING, Peter
ON
18 LAROUCHE, Daniel QC
19 BOILEAU, Gilles QC
Q5
10 20 ANIKINE, Sascha ON
6 21 POURCIEL, Steve QC
22 LABROSSE, Jason QC
23 SARANTINOS, Georges QC
Q6
12 24 KHANZADIAN, Samuel QC
7 25
ROBITAILLE, Jean-F.
QC
26 COURCHESNE, François QC
27 BYKOV, Alex
ON
Q7
9 28 ROUSSEAU, Danny QC SEEDS
1 RATH, J 9
8 29 LECLAIR, Marc QC
2 LEIBNER, J 10
3 SHIELDS, A 11
30 BRYANT, Christopher QC 4 GOULET, S 12
Q8 5 WORTHING, P 13
31 DUTIL, Nicolas
QC
6 POURCIEL, S 14
7 ROBITAILLE, J-F 15
14 32 MARMET-DEMERS, L QC 8 LECLAIR, M 16
ROUSSEAU, D
ANIKINE, S
CHVOJKA, E
KHANZADIAN, S
BESHARAT, K
MARMET-DEMERS, L
LEVAQUE, C-A
BOURDELAIS, J
62

SCHEDULING
Scheduling is probably more of an art than a science. In scheduling, the Referee must
juggle several possibly conflicting objectives:
Obtaining the maximum use of the courts available. One object of scheduling is to
use the courts as efficiently as possible with little or no “dead time” between
matches. The more smoothly and quickly the transition from the end of one match
on a given court to the start of another match on the same court can be
accomplished, the better run the tournament will be.
Ensuring that all players are treated fairly. It is important that two players that are
likely to face each other in the following round have their matches scheduled at
approximately the same time, for example, so that one will not be more rested
than the other. In addition, it is important that the same players are not always
scheduled for either early morning or late evening matches.
Attempting to accommodate any legitimate player needs or requests. If a player
requests a certain general match time (due to work, school or family obligations,
for example), and if this request does not contravene the principle of fairness
towards his opponent or other players, a reasonable attempt should be made to
accommodate the player.
SCHEDULING FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED
When scheduling, the following general considerations need to be taken into account:
The number of courts available. This may vary from day to day and from one part
of the day to another; it must also take into account the need for practice courts.
The court surface. On clay courts, for example, matches will tend to be longer. In
addition, time for maintenance work must be allowed
The number of Officials available, if applicable. For example, if all of your matches
are to be chaired, it doesn’t help much to have 10 courts available if you only
have 3 Chair Umpires. Similarly, if you only have 1 Roving Umpire available, you
might not want to spread out your matches over too many courts.
Requests for early or late starts, both in terms of the time of matches on a specific
day and in terms of the day on which the player will begin to compete (e.g., in the
case on a first round that will be played over two days). Each request should be
evaluated in terms of its merit. A request that is not sufficiently justified need not
necessarily be considered.
63

The age of players. In tournaments for junior players, for example, try to avoid
beginning matches after 8:00 p.m.; as much as possible, try to assign older
players to late-starting matches.
Balancing the brackets in a draw. One player should not have an excessive
amount of time between matches and the opponent only a minimum amount of
time. In general, players in a given quarter of the draw should be scheduled at
approximately the same times.
Travel arrangements. If possible, do not schedule persons with very long
commutes for very early or very late matches.
Singles/doubles conflicts. Keep an eye on both singles and doubles draws when
scheduling matches. In general, singles matches should be scheduled before
doubles.
Maximum number of matches in a day. Check to see that no player must exceed
the recommended maximum number of matches in a day (see below).
Avoiding the excessive separation of matches during the week. During a
tournament, players should generally not have their matches separated by more
than one day. Thus while matches on Monday and Wednesday would be
acceptable, matches on Monday and Thursday would not be. Avoid bunching
several matches on one day and then having several open days for that player.
The need to make up for delays. If certain periods of play have been lost due to
rain delays, for example, the schedule may need to be adjusted in consequence.
Last match off/first match on. In general, a player that finishes late on one day
should not be among the first players to compete on the following day.
Tournament start and end dates, as well as requirements for feature matches
(e.g., a local player, or the tournament’s desire to present two matches on Centre
Court every evening starting at 7:00 p.m.)
Daylight hours available and availability of lighted courts.
There are two specific aspects of the scheduling process that must be considered:
planning for the week and planning for daily play. The following sections address these
issues.
64

THE MATCH SCHEDULE PLAN
As the name implies, a match schedule plan (MSP) is a week-long planning document
that the Referee creates in order to provide himself with an overview of the number of
matches to be scheduled in each event on each day of the week. Due to rain or other
factors, the MSP may need to be adjusted during the week, but it provides an easy to
follow overview of scheduling requirements.
Figure 21 presents an example of a MSP for a tournament with boys and girls 48
singles draws and 24 doubles draws.
FIGURE 21: MATCH SCHEDULE PLAN
REPENTIGNY 2003 Match Schedule Plan
Boys Girls Boys Girls No. of
Singles Singles Round Doubles Doubles Round TOTAL Courts
QUALIFICATIONS
Saturday 12 12 Q1 0 0 24 5
Sunday 6 6 Q2 0 0 12 4
Total 18 18 36
MAIN DRAW
Monday 16 16 R1 8 8 R1 48 9
Tuesday 16 16 R2 8 8 R2 48 9
Wednesday 8 8 R3 4 4 1/4F 24 5
Thursday 4 4 1/4F 2 2 1/2F 12 3
Friday 2 2 1/2F 1 1 F 6 2
Saturday 1 1 F 2 1
Total 47 47 23 23 140
TOTAL 65 65 23 23 176
65

THE DAILY ORDER OF PLAY
On a daily basis, the Referee establishes and modifies, as necessary, the Order of Play.
Good scheduling demands setting times that are in the best interests of all players and
that unequivocally respect Tennis Canada regulations (see below) regarding:
Maximum number of matches played on a given day;
Maximum number of matches played in one event per day;
Rest periods between matches.
The Order of Play can be established in two ways:
assigning a precise time to each match; depending on court surface and upon
whether the match is being played indoors or outdoors, a “typical” match will take
between 1 hour 15 minutes and 1 hour 45 minutes. (It has been calculated that,
on average, a singles match takes 1 hour 37 minutes and a doubles match 1
hour 30 minutes.)
using the “followed by” principle: indicating the precise starting time of the first
matches, and then providing a list of matches that will follow. In this case, players
should be present and ready to play when a court becomes vacant. Appendix III
presents two models of an Order of Play using the “followed by” principle.
In the view of the Tennis Canada Officiating Department, the “followed by” principle has
the advantage of ensuring that no available courts will lie vacant for significant periods.
As indicated in the Order of Play examples presented in Appendix III, the “followed
by” principle can be combined with the “not before” principle in order to avoid the
necessity of players arriving on-site too early before their match. In the interests of
expeditiously moving through a heavy schedule, however, it is better to establish an
Order of Play that may involve players arriving somewhat early for their matches rather
than one that leaves courts open because players have not yet arrived on-site.
Once posted, the Order of Play should not be modified, except in very exceptional
circumstances.
Once the Order of Play has been established, it can only be modified by the Referee.
The players are solely responsible for finding out what time their match is played and for
being present for it.
This being said, however, the Referee and the Tournament Organizers should do
everything possible to assist the players in ascertaining their match times. This may
66

involve posting copies of the following day’s Order of Play on-site and in player hotels,
as well as providing a reliable method by which players may check their match times by
telephone.
NUMBER OF MATCHES
According to the latest version of the Rules of the Court, players entering more than one
event must be prepared to play three complete main draw matches per day, regardless
of the length of such matches (a maximum of two singles matches and one doubles
match). Where a player is also entered in a consolation draw, the maximum total
number of matches in all events (singles and doubles, main draw and consolations)
shall not exceed four matches per day. The above guidelines do not apply if a player is
entered in more than one age category.
REST BETWEEN MATCHES
The following guidelines should be observed in scheduling matches to ensure proper
rest between matches:
a. Between singles matches, players shall be entitled to a rest period of at least 45
minutes.
b. Between a singles and a doubles match, or between two doubles matches,
players shall be entitled to a rest period of at least 30 minutes.
c. The Referee has the authority to modify the above guidelines in view of special
circumstances (e.g., length of a match, weather conditions, etc.)
d. The above guidelines do not apply if a player is entered in more than one age
category.
A player may, of course, choose not to avail himself of the entire length of the rest
period to which he is entitled. For example, he may choose to play his doubles match
immediately after his singles match, or may choose to play a second singles match after
only 30 minutes rest.
67

REFEREEING AT SPECIFIC EVENTS
The goal of this section is to identify certain specific information that you should be
aware of when acting as Referee in National Junior, National Senior, and Circuit
Canada events.
NATIONAL JUNIORS
Junior Nationals are generally held separately by age-group (12 and under; 14 and
under; 16 and under; 18 and under). In the two older age groups the Singles Main
Draws (boys and girls) consist of 40 players (10 seeds). The Doubles Main Draws
consist of 20 players (6 seeds). A singles feed-in consolation event is also held. In
addition, the U16 and U18 indoor Junior Nationals events generally begin with a team
competition event (using a Davis Cup type of format) held on the 2 days that precede
the start of the singles Main Draw.
In the two younger age groups (12 and under; 14 and under), a hybrid compass draw
format involving round-robin play is used for singles (see the section Junior Nationals:
Conducting the Draw). The 12 and under category has 32 players with 16 seeds;
players are divided into 8 groups of 4 players for preliminary round-robin play and then,
on the basis of round-robin results, assigned to 4 flights of 8 players. The 14 and under
category has 40 players with 16 seeds; players are divided into 8 groups of 5 players for
preliminary round-robin play and then, on the basis of round-robin results, assigned to 5
flights of 8 players. For doubles, the 12 and under event uses a team competition, while
the 14 and under event uses the same 20 player draw that is employed at the U16 and
U18 Junior Nationals.
In National Junior events, you will be working closely with a Tennis Canada Tournament
Director, whose role includes the following: acceptances and seeding, interacting with
players and provincial coaches, establishing the weekly schedule and setting and
publishing the daily Order of Play (the latter in consultation with the Referee). The
Tournament Director will normally transfer the draws and do the scheduling on the TMS
(Tournament Management System) software, which enables the draws and results to
be quickly and easily posted on the Internet. In sum, much of the administrative work
will be taken care of by the Tournament director, leaving the Referee free to ensure the
smooth progression of matches and to supervise on-court play.
Ordinarily, on the afternoon before the Main Draw begins, the Referee will conduct a
meeting with the provincial coaches, and will publicly conduct the singles draw.
Appendix V indicates some of the points that you might want to cover in the meeting
with the provincial coaches.
68

NATIONAL SENIORS
Senior tennis involves five-year age-groups, starting with the 35 and over category and
going up to the 85 and over category. The draw sizes generally depend upon the
number of players entered. Depending upon entries, certain age-groups may be merged
(e.g., 75 and over, encompassing the 75, 80 and 85 age-groups). In the case of agegroups
with very few players entered, a round-robin format, rather than an ordinary
draw, may be used. A doubles draw as well as a feed-in singles consolation draw are
generally integral parts of a Seniors tournament.
National Senior tournaments generally involve a number of different age-groups
competing at the same site. At the outdoor Senior Nationals, all age groups will be
present. The indoor Senior Nationals are generally held separately in Eastern and
Western Canada; the men’s side may be divided into two separate tournaments held in
separate cities (e.g., 35 – 50 age groups in one tournament and the 55 and over groups
in another tournament).
Like the Junior Nationals, at Senior events you may work in close collaboration with a
Tennis Canada Tournament Director (who is more likely to be present at the outdoor
Nationals rather than the indoor events.) If present, the Tournament Director will be very
involved in weekly planning and daily scheduling.
Senior National events are somewhat challenging to run in that they involve a number of
age-group-specific “mini-tournaments” within the larger tournament. In scheduling, it is
important to try to play the matches of a given age-group at approximately the same
time, so that no player will enjoy a longer period of rest than a potential adversary.
CIRCUIT CANADA EVENTS
Circuit Canada events are open-class professional events, usually involving a total of
$9,000 in prize money ($5,000 on the men’s side and $4,000 on the women’s side).
Anywhere between 2 and 6 of these events will typically be held each year, generally in
the indoor season.
Circuit Canada events generally involve Qualifying and Main Draw singles competition
only (i.e, no doubles or consolation events). While in the past an attempt has been
made to standardize the size of the men’s draw at 24 (16 Direct Acceptances and 8
Qualifiers, with the 8 seeds receiving byes in the first round) and the size of the
women’s draw at 16 (12 Direct Acceptances and 4 Qualifiers), the draw sizes now vary
considerably. The size of the Qualifying competition is generally left to the discretion of
the host club.
In a Circuit Canada event, the Referee will work in close collaboration with the
Tournament Director, who is usually a manager or a teaching pro at an indoor tennis
club. As this person is likely to be much less experienced in organizing a tournament
69

than a Tennis Canada Tournament Director, the Referee will likely need to become
more involved in terms of acceptances and scheduling. It also is desirable that the
Referee work with the Tournament Director in making the draws. Tennis Canada will
generally become involved in the question of establishing the seeds.
70

CONCLUSION
The goal of this clinic has been to transmit a common body of information to Tennis
Canada’s National Referees, thus helping to ensure that a certain level of homogeneity
will exist in national tournaments across Canada. In other words, a player should be
able to receive the same treatment from a Referee in a tournament held one year in
Vancouver as in one held in another year in Halifax.
While the basic skills and information that have been covered in these pages can be
taught, certain aspects of Refereeing are more intangible and thus more difficult to
transmit. Perhaps the most important skill of a Referee is the ability to deal with people,
particularly in the context of difficult situations.
The importance of communication skills cannot be sufficiently emphasized. The major
portion of a referee’s work involves interacting with others: Tournament Organizers and
Directors, other Officials, players, coaches and parents. The adage “Its not just what
you say, but the way that you say it” is always pertinent to a Referee.
It is important for you to fulfill your role effectively but discretely, without arrogance and
without abusing your power. Be friendly with the players, and their coaches and parents,
without being too familiar with them. Do not seek to interact with the players and the
public without a valid reason. Stay calm and polite, but firm, even in the most difficult
situations that may arise. Dress appropriately. Never criticize other Officials,
Tournament Organizers or the host club. Always act in an impartial manner.
Although your role is not explicitly one of public relations, you will often be called upon
to answer questions concerning your provincial association and Tennis Canada, as well
to answer questions concerning technical issues (e.g., the process of making the draw
or the ranking system) and the Rules of Tennis. For this reason, it is desirable to have a
basic familiarity with the structure and functioning of both your provincial association
and that of Tennis Canada, as well as to possess the basic knowledge that will enable
you to answer technical questions. If you are unable to answer a question, invite the
person who posed it to contact the appropriate person at your provincial association or
at Tennis Canada, or to consult the respective Web Sites of these organizations.
Finally, remember that the surest way to perfect your skills as a Referee is to gain as
much experience as possible. If you have questions regarding any aspect of your role,
do not hesitate to ask a more experienced Official.
71

APPENDIX I: DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE REFEREE
This Appendix presents more detail concerning the specific duties and jurisdictions of
the Referee. First, the role of the Referee is summarized, as presented in Tennis
Canada’s Rules of the Court. Then, in the broader perspective of professional tennis
(where you may well be working one day), the vast responsibilities of the professional
Supervisor/Referee are examined, as presented in the International Tennis Federation’s
Duties and Procedures for Officials.
According to the Rules of the Court, the Referee:
1. Is, ex officio, a member of the Tournament Committee;
2. Conducts the draw publicly and is assisted by at least one member of the
Committee, at the time and place indicated in the fact sheet;
3. Is present at the tournament site at all times that play is in progress and
supervises all aspects of play, including but not limited to the conduct and
actions of players, coaches, parents, umpires, ball kids, grounds staff and
administrative personnel;
4. Uses the best judgement in all situations not covered by the rules;
5. Appoints a deputy to act on his behalf when he is absent for any reason;
6. May not play in the tournament or event, or act as an Umpire;
7. Schedules matches or approves the schedule prepared by a deputy, assigns
courts, postpones or suspends play for reasons of light, weather or playing
conditions.
Every effort should be made to avoid starting matches which are unlikely to be
finished without breaks because of darkness.
Where this cannot be avoided the Referee must discuss the possibilities with
the players before the match begins and endeavour to reach mutual agreement
as to when play will be suspended. In any event, a match should only be
suspended when the aggregate number of games in the set are an even figure;
8. Defaults a player for cause which includes but is not limited to lateness,
misconduct or failure to follow his instructions or those of the Chair Umpire;
9. Hears and rules upon an appeal from a player who has been defaulted by the
Chair Umpire. His decision on such an appeal shall be final;
72

10. Apprises players of any variances from the Rules of Tennis or general
tournament regulations which may be made necessary or expedient through
local conditions and may be peculiar to the tournament;
11. Is responsible for the appointment and when necessary the replacement of
Chair Umpires and all other court officials. Where there is a Chief Umpire, the
appointment of chair, line and net umpires and foot-fault judges is normally
delegated to him;
12. Rules upon all points of law that a Chair Umpire is unable to decide or which
are referred to him on appeal by a player. Where the score of the match is in
question the Chair Umpire will suspend play and immediately bring the matter
to the Referee for decision. In all other cases, play must continue while the
appeal is under consideration;
13. Shall within five days of the end of the tournament or a lesser period of time
where this is indicated by Regional or Provincial regulations and Codes of
Conduct governing the tournament, report to Tennis Canada and the Provincial
or Regional Associations all violations of the Code of Conduct adopted by
Tennis Canada and the Provincial and Regional Associations.
The following duties and responsibilities are described for an ITF Supervisor/Referee. In
some cases this position is carried out by one approved official only. In other cases a
(local) Referee, with the support of a Chief Umpire, handles all pre-tournament planning
and assumes all duties and responsibilities for this, while the ITF Supervisor after
his/her arrival will be in charge of all on-site activities, with the assistance of the
Referee.
According to the ITF’s Duties and Procedures, the Supervisor/Referee shall:
1. Act as final on-site authority for the interpretation of the applicable Tournament
Rules and Regulations, Code of Conduct and Rules of Tennis as to all matters
arising that require immediate resolution at the tournament site.
2. Prior to the event conduct such training sessions and meetings as may be
necessary to familiarise thoroughly all officials with all applicable Rules and
Procedures.
3. Appoint a Chief Umpire and ensure that his duties and responsibilities are
performed properly.
4. Approve the assignment of all Chair Umpires and Line Umpires for matches.
73

5. Remove a Chair Umpire and/or remove, rotate or replace any Line Umpire or
Net Umpire whenever he decides it is necessary to improve the officiating of a
match.
6. Evaluate the performance of all Chair Umpires.
7. Ensure that each court, net and net posts conform to the specifications in the
Rules of Tennis and that each court is equipped as follows:
a. Chair Umpire’s Chair
- The Chair Umpire’s Chair is recommended to be a minimum of 6 feet
(1.82 m) and a maximum of 8 feet (2.44 m) in height;
- The Chair Umpire’s Chair shall be centred along an extension of the net
approximately 3 feet (0.9 m) from the net post;
- If a microphone is to be used it must have an “on-off” switch, it must be
easily adjustable and not hand-held. There shall be no public broadcast
microphones on the Umpire’s chair or in its general vicinity (between the
baselines);
- For outdoor tournaments there should be a sunscreen available.
b. Line Umpires’ Chairs
- Chairs for service and base line Umpires shall be located on an extension
of their respective lines along the side fence. They shall not be elevated
above the surface of the court and should be positioned no less than 12
feet (3.7 m) from the side of the court;
- Chairs for centre service and side line Umpires should be located in the
corners at the back of the court, unless otherwise directed;
- Whenever the sun is a factor, Line Umpires’ chairs shall be positioned so
that the Line Umpires are not facing the sun;
- When the sun is not a factor, Line Umpires’ chair shall be positioned on
the opposite side of the court from the Chair Umpire.
c. Net Umpire’s Chair
A chair for the Net Umpire shall be located at the net post and, when
possible, on the opposite side from the Chair Umpire’s chair.
d. Players’ Chairs
Chairs for the players shall be located on each side of the Chair Umpire.
e. On-Court Services
Water, other drinks, cups, towels and sawdust shall be available to the
players during each match.
74

f. Measuring Devices
A measuring stick, tape measure or other measuring device shall be
available for the measuring of the net height and location of the singles
sticks.
g. Stopwatch, Scorecard, etc.
A stopwatch, ITF scorecard and pencils shall be available to the Chair
Umpire of each match.
8. Ensure that the back fence, banners and back walls are not painted in or
otherwise have any white, yellow or other light colour that can interfere with the
vision of the players.
9. Determine and notify competitors of the conditions of play (i.e., make of ball,
number of balls/ball changes, type of surface, number of sets, tiebreak/advantage
sets and other items of interest), prior to the commencement
of the tournament.
10. Designate in a highly visible place in a general players’ area an Official Bulletin
Board and notify all players of its designation and location. The daily Order of
Play shall be posted on the Official Bulletin Board as soon as issued.
It is the responsibility of all players to ascertain their schedules from the ITF
Supervisor/Referee for each day’s play.
11. Designate a visible timepiece at a fixed location as the Official Clock of the
tournament and notify all players of its designation and location. Wrist, hand or
pocket watches are not acceptable, unless otherwise directed.
12. Prior to making the draws, obtain the Wild Cards from the Tournament
Director/Committee. Consult with the Tournament Director/Committee and a
Player Representative to determine:
a. the final entry list;
b. the ranking list to be used for seeding;
c. any other relevant information for making the draw.
13. Make the draws for the qualifying and main competitions.
14. Post all sign-in documents (Qualifying, Main Draws, Alternates and Lucky
Losers) in the Supervisor/Referee’s office with appropriate notices on the
Official Bulletin Board.
75

15. Prepare the daily Order of Play with the matches scheduled on specific courts
to follow each other consecutively without delay or, where appropriate, with the
matches scheduled and clearly designated as “not before” a certain time. Once
the Order of Play has been released it should not be changed.
a. Prior Tournament
Prior to scheduling matches for the first day of play contact the ITF
Supervisor/Referee(s) of the preceding week’s tournaments to determine to
what extent players still competing therein may have difficulties in arriving for
play. To the extent possible, and providing that it does not jeopardise the
fairness of scheduling and the completion of the tournament, the ITF
Supervisor/Referee should schedule matches so that players with
reasonable difficulties can be reasonably accommodated.
b. Qualifying
The qualifying event for singles should be scheduled for completion on the
day before the commencement of play in the Main Draw. Matches should be
scheduled so that a player will not be required to play more than two singles
qualifying matches in the same day, except when weather or unavoidable
circumstances cause schedule disruption.
Whenever more than one round of qualifying must be played in one day, the
order of play should conform to the order of the draw, top to bottom or bottom
to top.
c. Main Draws
Players shall not be scheduled for more than one singles and one doubles
match per day, unless weather or unavoidable circumstances have caused
schedule disruptions. A player’s singles match on any particular day shall be
scheduled before his doubles matches unless otherwise directed by the ITF
Supervisor/Referee.
16. Ensure that clay and other loose surface courts are swept and lines cleaned
before the start of all matches.
17. Decide if a court is fit for play.
18. Designate a specific area from which matches shall be called in accordance
with the Order of Play using all available and reasonable means.
19. Decide if a match should be moved to another court.
If bad weather or other unavoidable circumstances cause disruption or
suspension of a match in progress, then, if necessary to eliminate the possibility
of a player having to play two singles matches in one day, or, if necessary to
76

complete the event, move a match to another court, indoors or outdoors,
regardless of surface.
In all other cases, a match shall not be moved after it has officially started, i.e.
the first serve of the first point has been struck, except with the agreement of
the players.
Whenever possible, a change of courts should be made at the end of a set or
after an even number of games in the set in progress.
20. Decide when play should be postponed because of weather conditions,
inadequate light or other conditions. If play is postponed on account of
darkness, such postponement should be made at the end of a set or after an
even number of games in the set in progress.
21. In tournaments where applicable, be responsible for investigating Code of
Conduct Violations, issuing fines and ensuring delivery whenever possible to
every player cited for an on-site offence a copy of the relevant Code of Conduct
Form.
22. Be present on-site at all times during the play of matches in the tournament.
23. The ITF Supervisor/Referee shall not be a Chair Umpire in that event.
24. An ITF Supervisor/Referee’s Check-List can be found on the following page.
77

ITF SUPERVISOR/REFEREE’S CHECK-LIST (ON-SITE)
COURTS:
_ Dimensions
_ Quality (watering)
_ Court covers
_ Repair kit
_ Lights
(get a reading if possible)
NET/NET POSTS:
_ Dimensions
_ Spare net
_ Singles sticks
_ Measuring stick
ON-COURT:
_ Drinks
_ Cups
_ Ice
_ Refrigerators
_ Towels
_ Umbrellas
_ Sawdust
_ Broom
_ Trash can
SPONSORSHIP
REQUIREMENTS:
_ Banners – positions
_ Banners – tautness
_ Line Umpires’ dias
_ Umpire’s chair
_ Towels/Cups
_ Line Umpires’ clothes
_ Ball Kids’ clothes
_ Interview Room
PLAYERS/TEAMS:
_ Locker Rooms
_ Seats
_ Security
OFFICIALS:
_ Referee’s seat
_ Referee’s microphone
(announcer/translator)
_ Umpire’s chair
_ Umpire’s microphone (switch)
_ Umpires’ seats (off-duty)
_ Line Umpires’ chairs
_ Number of Ball Kids
_ Tournament Doctor
_ Tournament Trainer
_ Appropriate offices/rooms
for all of above
STRINGER:
_ Availability
_ Machine
MEDIA:
_ Location
_ Seats
_ Interview room
TELEVISION:
_ Camera positions
_ Microphone positions
_ Interviews
PHOTOGRAPHERS:
_ On-court positions
BALLS:
_ Sufficient number (match and practice)
_ Spare/used balls
78

APPENDIX II: MODELS OF PLAYER INFORMATION SHEETS
79

PLAYER NOTICE
MATCHES PLAYED WITHOUT A CHAIR UMPIRE
At this tournament, some matches will be played without a Chair Umpire.
All players should be aware of the following basic principles when playing a
match in these circumstances:
Each player is responsible for all calls on his/her side of the net
All “out” or “fault” calls should be made promptly after the ball has
bounced and loudly enough for the opponent to hear
If in doubt, the player must give the benefit of the doubt to his/her
opponent
If a player incorrectly calls a ball “out” and then realizes that the ball was
good: the first time that this occurs, the point shall be replayed, unless it
was a point-winning shot; on each subsequent occasion, the player that
made the incorrect call shall lose the point
The server should call the score before each 1 st serve, and before the
start of each new game, loudly enough for his/her opponent to hear
If a player is unhappy with his/her opponent’s actions or decisions,
he/she should call the Referee (or assistant)
Players who do not fairly follow these procedures could be subject to the
Hindrance Rule and the Unsportsmanlike Conduct provision of the ITF
Code of Conduct.
Any questions on these procedures should be referred to the Referee.
80

AVIS AUX JOUEURS/JOUEUSES
MATCHS JOUÉS SANS ARBITRE DE CHAISE
À ce tournoi, certains matchs se dérouleront sans arbitre de chaise. Dans
ces circonstances, tous les joueurs et toutes les joueuses doivent appliquer
les principes suivants :
Chaque joueur/joueuse a la responsabilité d’appeler les balles de son
côté du filet
Les appels «out» ou «faute» doivent être faits immédiatement après le
rebond de la balle et suffisamment fort pour que l’adversaire les entende
Si un joueur/une joueuse a des doutes concernant un de ses appels,
il/elle doit donner le bénéfice du doute à son adversaire
Si un joueur/une joueuse fait un appel «out» et réalise ensuite que la
balle était bonne : la première fois, il faut reprendre le point, sauf s’il
s’agissait d’un coup gagnant; les fois subséquentes, le joueur ayant fait
le mauvais appel perd le point
C’est la responsabilité du serveur d’appeler le pointage avant chaque
1er service, et avant chaque nouveau jeu, suffisamment fort pour que
l’adversaire l’entende
Si un joueur/une joueuse n’est pas satisfait(e) du comportement ou des
décisions de son adversaire, il/elle devrait s’adresser au juge-arbitre (ou
son assistant)
Les joueurs/joueuses qui ne suivent pas ces procédures seront sujet(te)s
au règlement portant sur l’obstruction ainsi qu’à l’article du Code de
Conduite portant sur la conduite antisportive.
Toute question concernant ces procédures devrait être soumise au jugearbitre.
81

MEN’S EASTERN SENIOR INDOOR NATIONALS
GUIDELINES FOR PLAYERS
1. The matches will consist of the best of three tie-break
sets; regular scoring with advantage is in effect.
2. There will be a ball change at the beginning of the 3 rd set.
3. The warm-up period before each match will be a
maximum of 5 minutes.
4. A rest period of 10 minutes will be allowed after the 2 nd
set. This period is optional and may be eliminated if both
players agree.
5. In singles, each player may leave the court once each
match in order to visit the toilet. In doubles, each team
may leave the court a maximum of twice per match.
6. Players are prohibited from leaving the court without
obtaining the permission of the Referee. A player who
leaves the court without permission is subject to
disqualification.
7. Foot-faults constitute an infraction of the rules of tennis
and will be called by the Referee.
82

CHAMPIONNATS VÉTÉRANS EN SALLE
DE L’EST DU CANADA
CONSIGNES AUX JOUEURS
1. Les matchs sont de deux manches sur trois avec bris
d’égalité dans toutes les manches; jeux avec avantage.
2. Il y aura un changement de balles au début de la 3e
manche.
3. La période d’échauffement est de 5 minutes maximum.
4. Une période de repos de 10 minutes sera accordée
après la 2e manche. Ce repos n’est pas obligatoire et peut
tout de même être supprimé si tous les joueurs sont
d’accord.
5. En simple, chaque joueur a le droit de quitter le terrain
une fois par match pour aller aux toilettes. En double,
chaque équipe peut quitter le terrain deux fois.
6. Il est interdit de quitter le terrain sans demander la
permission au juge-arbitre. Un joueur qui quitte le terrain
sans permission est sujet à une disqualification.
7. Les fautes de pied constituent une infraction aux
règlements et seront appelées par le juge-arbitre.
83

SHORT SETS
The matches will consist of the best of three short
sets. The first player/team to win 4 games wins that
set, provided that there is a margin of at least two
games over the opponent(s). If the score reaches 4
games all, a tie-break shall be played. A set can
thus be won 4-0, 4-1, 4-2, 5-3, or 5-4 (tie-break).
NO-AD SCORING
The no-ad scoring system is in effect. When the
score in a game reaches deuce, the next point will
decide the game. The receiver has the choice of
receiving in the ad or deuce court.
NB: In mixed doubles, at deuce, if the male partner
is serving, he must serve to the male opponent; if
the female partner is serving, she must serve to the
female receiver. The players of the receiving team
cannot change positions to receive the deciding
point.
84

SETS COURTS
Les matchs seront le meilleur de 3 sets courts. Le
premier joueur/équipe à gagner 4 jeux remporte le
set, pourvu qu’il existe un écart d’au moins 2 jeux
avec l’adversaire(s). À 4-4 un bris d’égalité sera
joué. Il est donc possible de remporter un set par 4-
0, 4-1, 4-2, 5-3 ou 5-4(bris d’égalité).
POINTAGE SANS AVANTAGE
Le système de pointage «sans avantage» est en
vigueur. Quand le pointage dans un jeu atteint
égalité, le prochain point décide le jeu. Le relanceur
a le choix de recevoir le service du côté droit ou du
côté gauche du terrain.
NOTEZ : En double mixte, si c’est l’homme qui sert,
il doit servir à son adversaire masculin; si c’est la
femme qui sert, elle doit servir à son adversaire
féminin. Les relanceurs ne peuvent pas changer de
position pour recevoir le service du point décisif.
85

APPENDIX III: MODELS OF ORDER OF PLAY SHEETS
86

Day, Date
OTTAWA OPEN ORDER OF PLAY Monday
14 June
Week of City Prize Money Referee
14 June 2004 Ottawa, Ontario $10,000 Joe Jones
1st Match
Court 1 Court 2 Court 3 Court 4
Starting at 10:00 Starting at 10:00 Starting at 10:00 Starting at 10h00
R. Audet W. Collins F. Ledoux M. Tremblay
vs. vs. vs. vs.
A. Binet L. Terral E. Lapierre B. Orr
2nd Match
Followed by Followed by Followed by Followed by
L. Bouchard P. Sampras M. Safin A. Roddick
vs. vs. vs. vs.
P. Bourque A. Agassi P. Rafter M. Chang
Followed by Followed by Followed by Followed by
3rd Match NB 12:00 NB 12:00 NB 12:00 NB 12:00
C. Marois P. Foggin C. Comtois P. Gangloff
vs. vs. vs. vs.
C. Manzagol D. Marceau J. Gray P. Richard
4th Match
Followed by Followed by Followed by Followed by
G. Boileau J. Archambault B. Bélanger W. Warntz
vs. vs. vs. vs.
F. Courchesne L. Nepveu D. Janelle J. Sommer
Followed by Followed by Followed by Followed by
5th Match NB 14:00 NB 14:00 NB 14:00 NB 14:00
Audet/Collins Binet/Tremblay Sampras/Safin Warntz/Bélanger
vs. vs. vs. vs.
Terral/Orr Ledoux/Lapierre Chang/Roddick Janelle/Sommer
6th Match
Followed by Followed by Followed by Followed by
Archambault/Aubry Shearmur/Bernier Brien/Campeau Wilson/Murray
vs. vs. vs. vs.
Nepveu/Bellevance Polese/Boisvert Smith/Craig Kerr/Nelson
Last match on any court may be moved Order of Play released Signature
Singles Lucky Losers sign-in before: 9:30
Doubles Alternate sign-in before: 13:30 13 June 18:00 Joe Jones
87

OTTAWA OPEN ORDER OF PLAY Monday, 14 June
Week of City, Province Prize Money Referee
14 June, 2004 Ottawa, Ontario $10,000 Joe Jones
Time Match Player/Team Player/Team
Starting at 10:00 1 R. Audet vs. A. Binet
2 W. Collins vs. L. Terral
3 M. Tremblay vs. B. Orr
4 F. Ledoux vs. E. Lapierre
5 L. Bouchard vs. P. Bourque
6 P. Sampras vs. A. Agassi
7 M. Safin vs. P. Rafter
8 A. Roddick vs. M. Chang
Followed by 9 C. Marois vs. C. Manzagol
10 P. Foggin vs. D. Marceau
11 C, Comtois vs. J. Gray
12 P. Gangloff vs. P. Richard
13 G. Boileau vs. F. Courchesne
14 J. Archambault vs. L. Nepveu
15 M. Bélanger vs. D. Janelle
16 W. Warntz vs. J. Sommer
Followed by 17 J. Aubry vs. G. Bellevance
NB 12:00 18 R. Shearmur vs. M. Polèse
19 L. Bernier vs. M. Boisvert
20 H. Brien vs. Y. Bussière
21 L. Campeau vs. G. Cassavant
22 R. Dandurand vs. M. Chabot
23 J. Daoust vs. J. Collin
24 C. Côté vs. C. Lemieux
Not Before 13:00 25 Audet/Collins vs. Terral/Orr
26 Binet/Tremblay vs. Ledoux/Lapierre
27 Sampras/Safin vs. Chang/Roddick
28 Warntz/Bélanger vs. Janelle/Sommer
29 Archambault/Aubry vs. Nepveu/Bellevance
vs.
vs.
vs.
Not Before 14:30 30 Shearmur/Bernier vs. Polèse/Boisvert
31 Brien/Campeau vs. Bussière/Cassavant
32 Dandurand/Daoust vs. Chabot/Collin
vs.
vs.
vs.
vs.
vs.
Order of Play released Signature
Matches are assigned to courts on a "next available" basis 13 June, 2004
Singles Lucky Losers sign-in before: 9:30 18:00
Doubles Alternatess sign-in before: 12:30 Joe Jones
88

APPENDIX IV: GLOSSARY
1. Direct Acceptances
Entered players accepted directly into the Main Draw by virtue of their rankings. For
example, a 32-player Main Draw might be composed of 22 Direct Acceptances, 8
Qualifiers, and 2 Wild Cards (see below).
2. Qualifying Acceptances
Entered players with rankings that are not sufficiently high to secure them a spot in the
Main Draw, but sufficiently high to secure them a spot in the Qualifying competition.
Continuing with the same example used above, a player ranked in the 23 rd place on the
Acceptance List, would become the first player accepted into the Qualifying Draw
(unless the Tournament Committee chose to award him/her a Wild Card). If the
Qualifying Draw consists of 32 players, those ranking 23 rd to 54 th on the Acceptance List
would be Qualifying Acceptances.
3. Wild Cards
Players included in the draw at the sole discretion of the Tournament Committee or the
Tournament Administrator. Wild Cards may be seeded. Wild Cards must be named at
the time the draw is made and Wild Cards who withdraw or default may not be replaced
with new Wild Cards after the draw is made. Any such vacancy shall be filled by the
next eligible player on the acceptance list, or if the qualifying competition has
commenced, it shall be filled by the eligible Lucky Loser, drawn and placed at the same
time as the qualifiers. The Qualifying Competition commences when the first ball of the
first qualifying match is struck.
No player who has been accepted into the qualifying of the tournament may be named
as a Wild Card in the Main Draw after the Qualifying Competition has commenced.
4. Alternates
Players ranked lower than the Direct or Qualifying Acceptances. In the examples used
above (1 & 2), the 23 rd player on the Acceptance List would be considered as the first
Alternate for the Main Draw; the 55 th player on the List would be considered as the first
Alternate for the Qualifying Draw. In order to be eligible to compete, should a vacancy
occur in the draw, an Alternate (a player or a doubles team) must personally sign-in with
the Referee a minimum of 30 minutes before the day’s start of play in the event in
question (i.e., singles or doubles).
5. On-Site Alternates
Non-entered players who appear at the tournament site to sign-in for the Qualifying (or
for the Main Draw if there is no Qualifying event). In order to be eligible as an On-Site
Alternate, a player must personally sign-in with the Referee at the tournament site. Not
all tournaments will incorporate On-Site Alternates; a given tournament may decide
whether or not to integrate them into the Acceptance procedure.
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6. Qualifiers
Players who are included in the Main Draw as a result of their success in the Qualifying
competition. Not all tournaments will necessarily have a Qualifying Competition; those
with a Qualifying Draw will typically use 2, 4, 6 or 8 Qualifiers.
7. Lucky Losers
Players who have lost in the final round of the Qualifying competition, but who are
admitted into the Main Draw due to a vacancy that occurs after the start of the
Qualifying competition. Order of admittance into the Main Draw is based upon the
position of players on the National Ranking System. If more Lucky Losers are required
for substitutions than the number of players losing in the final round of Qualifying, those
players who lost in the previous Qualifying round(s) will be eligible, again in order of
their position on the National Ranking System. In order to be eligible to compete, should
a vacancy occur in the draw, a Lucky Loser (a player or a doubles team) must
personally sign-in with the Referee a minimum of 30 minutes before the day’s start of
play in the event in question (i.e., singles or doubles).
8. Special Exempts
Players who cannot appear in the Qualifying of a tournament because they are
competing on the day that the Qualifying competition begins in another “Qualified
Tournament”, who apply for and receive exemption from Qualifying. Special Exempt
status is not available for doubles players. This concept pertains to the professional
game and generally has no applicability in the context of national-level tournaments in
Canada.
9. Withdrawals
A withdrawal occurs when, prior to commencing his/her first match of a tournament
(including during the warm-up period prior to his/her first match), an entered player
informs the Referee or Tournament Committee that, for a bona fide reason, he/she is
unable to compete in the tournament. A withdrawal is indicated by a WD on the draw
sheet. The vacancy in the draw created by a withdrawal will generally be filled by a
Lucky Loser or an Alternate.
10. Walkovers
A walkover is an unopposed victory. A walkover occurs when a player does not play
his/her match because of injury, illness or personal emergency, because he/she was
disqualified from playing the match (e.g., due to punctuality or unacceptable clothing), or
because he/she simply failed to show-up for the match. A walkover is indicated by a
WO on the draw sheet, along with a short explanation – for example, WO (knee).
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11. Retirements
A retirement occurs when a player is not able to complete a match that he/she has
started or to resume a suspended match because of illness, injury, personal emergency
or other bona fide reason. A retirement is indicated by RET on the draw sheet, along
with the score at the time of retirement; a short explanation is generally appended to
this notation – for example, 6-3 2-0 RET (ankle).
12. Defaults
A default occurs when a player is not allowed by the Referee to continue a match, or
when a player refuses to play for other than a bona fide reason. Thus, a player that
commits a very serious Code Violation, for example, will be defaulted from his/her
match. A default is indicated on the draw sheet by DEF, along with the score at the
time, if applicable – for example, 6-1 2-6 3-3 DEF.
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APPENDIX V: NOTES FOR PROVINCIAL COACHES’ MEETING
Among the points that you may wish to discuss with the provincial coaches are:
1. Match format: best of 3 tie-break sets; with advantage (regular sets)
2. Ball changes: three balls in play; new balls for 3 rd set
3. 15 minute default rule will be strictly enforced
4. Five minute warm-up before matches
5. Appropriate clothing (tennis attire; no t-shirts; girls: no swim-wear)
6. Normally, no break after 2 nd set; Referee can implement extreme weather
conditions rule
7. Players should not leave court without permission from Official; subject to default
8. Bathroom or change of attire break only on set-break
9. Injury time-out: 3 minutes treatment time after period of evaluation by trainer
10. Delivery of water, bananas, etc to court by Officials only
11. Winner must return balls and report score to tournament desk
12. Officials will intervene for line calls, foot-faults, code violations etc
13. Code of Conduct:
- in effect at all times and all places on site;
- three-step point penalty scale: warning, point, default
- coaches/parents behaviour can result in code violation for the player
- repeated bad line calls can result in code violation for unsportsmanlike
conduct
- if defaulted on Code, player will be out of tournament entirely (exception:
defaulted for lateness or behaviour of doubles partner)
14. Players are to keep scorecards on court up to date during matches.
15. In order to avoid confusion, server should announce score at the beginning of each
point and game
16. When making an out call, players should do so immediately and in such a way that
it is clear to opponent
17. Tennis Canada policy: no practice on a court that is beside a match in progress
18. Players enter the tournament, not individual events; e.g., a player that withdraws
from main-draw doubles must also withdraw from main-draw singles. Exception: a
player that retires from a match (e.g., MD singles) due to injury may then compete
in another event (e.g., MD doubles) if he/she receives treatment for the injury and
receives clearance from the trainer.
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