Preventive role of Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) cladodes on the ...
Preventive role of Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) cladodes on the ...
Preventive role of Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) cladodes on the ...
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<str<strong>on</strong>g>Preventive</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>role</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
(<str<strong>on</strong>g>Opuntia</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>ficus</str<strong>on</strong>g>-<str<strong>on</strong>g>indica</str<strong>on</strong>g>) <str<strong>on</strong>g>cladodes</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> toxicity <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Zearalen<strong>on</strong>e in<br />
Balb/C Mice<br />
Pr. ZOURGUI Lazhar<br />
Director <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Research Unit <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Macromolecular Biochemistry & Genetics<br />
Faculty <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> sciences Gafsa - Tunsia<br />
High Institute Sup <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Applied Biology ISBA Médenine Tunisia
Macromolecular Biochemistry<br />
and Genetic: BMG<br />
Faculty <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Sciences Gafsa
Evaluati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> biological<br />
activities <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Opuntia</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>ficus</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>indica</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Cladodes, flower, Fruits, roots, seed oil
Research topics in BMG Gafsa<br />
- Anti-bacterial, anti-fungal activities ( Karima et al 2009)<br />
- Antiulcerogenic effect ( Alimi et al 2010)<br />
- Diuretic effect<br />
- Anti-ER Stress ( Souid et al. 2011)<br />
- Protective effects against:<br />
- Pesticides : Clorpyrifos ( N’cibi et al. 2008 )<br />
- Heavy metal: Nickel ( Hfaiedh et al. 2008)<br />
- Methotrexate (MTX) ( Amira et al. In press)<br />
- Mycotoxins ( Zearalen<strong>on</strong>e) (Zourgui et al. 2008,2009, 2011)<br />
*Protective and curatif effects <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Benzo-(a) Birene, Aflatoxin....
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Preventive</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>role</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
(<str<strong>on</strong>g>Opuntia</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>ficus</str<strong>on</strong>g>-<str<strong>on</strong>g>indica</str<strong>on</strong>g>) <str<strong>on</strong>g>cladodes</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> toxicity <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Zearalen<strong>on</strong>e in<br />
Balb/C Mice<br />
Why Zéaralén<strong>on</strong>e
Zéaralén<strong>on</strong>e<br />
produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium species<br />
High incidence in many important corps intended for<br />
human and animal c<strong>on</strong>sumpti<strong>on</strong>s<br />
Cytotoxic effect<br />
Genetoxic effect<br />
Hepatotoxic, Haematotoxic effects
Objective:<br />
The protective effect <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cactus<br />
Cladode against :<br />
1- Oxydative stress induced by <strong>the</strong> Zen<br />
2- The genetoxic effet <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>the</strong> Zen<br />
3- Biochemicals, Heamatologicals<br />
and Pathologicals changes
I- Protective effect <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode<br />
against <strong>the</strong> oxidative stress induced by<br />
Zéaralén<strong>on</strong>e<br />
• Balb/c mice: 25 g<br />
• 6 groups : 5 mices<br />
• Administrati<strong>on</strong> intra-péritoral <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>:<br />
Experimental c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s<br />
• Gpe 1:100 µl Éthanol/H2O: c<strong>on</strong>trol 1<br />
• Gpe 2: 100 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode extract : c<strong>on</strong>trol 2<br />
• Gpe 3: 40 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Zearalen<strong>on</strong>e ( ZEN)<br />
• Gpe 4: 40 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ZEN + 25 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode extract<br />
• Gpe 5: 40 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ZEN + 50 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode extract<br />
• Gpe 6: 40 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> ZEN + 100 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode extract<br />
• Sacrificed after 24 heures :liver, Kidney, blood, b<strong>on</strong>e marow…
Stress Protein: Hsp 70 and Hsp 27 analysis<br />
Liver<br />
Kidney<br />
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6<br />
HSP 70<br />
HSP 27<br />
-1: c<strong>on</strong>trol 1: Éthanol/H2O<br />
-2: c<strong>on</strong>trol 2: 100 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode extract<br />
-3: Zéralen<strong>on</strong>e 40 mg/Kg<br />
-4: Zéralen<strong>on</strong>e 40 mg/Kg + 25 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode extract<br />
-5: Zéralen<strong>on</strong>e 40 mg/Kg + 50 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode extract<br />
-6: Zéralen<strong>on</strong>e 40 mg/Kg + 100 mg/Kg <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode extract
Inducti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> lipid peroxidati<strong>on</strong><br />
Dosage <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> MDA (mal<strong>on</strong>aldialdéhyde)<br />
25<br />
Liver<br />
MDA / mg de Prpt<br />
20<br />
15<br />
10<br />
5<br />
0<br />
EOH/H2O<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
100mg<br />
ZEN 8% ZEN 8%+<br />
cactus<br />
25mg/Kg<br />
ZEN 8%+<br />
cactus<br />
50m/Kg<br />
ZEN 8%+<br />
cactus<br />
100mg/Kg<br />
Kidney<br />
20<br />
MDA / mg de Prot<br />
15<br />
10<br />
5<br />
0<br />
EOH/H2O <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> 100<br />
mg/Kg<br />
ZEN 8% ZEN 8%+<br />
cactus 25<br />
mg/Kg<br />
ZEN 8%+<br />
cactus<br />
50mg/Kg<br />
ZEN 8%+<br />
cactus<br />
100mg/Kg
Protein carb<strong>on</strong>yl assay<br />
PC (nmol/mg proteins)<br />
10<br />
8<br />
6<br />
4<br />
2<br />
0<br />
Liver<br />
PC (nmol/mg proteins)<br />
10<br />
8<br />
6<br />
4<br />
2<br />
0<br />
Kidney
Catalase activity<br />
Liver<br />
500<br />
Activité Catalase<br />
400<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
EOH/H2O <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> 100<br />
mg/Kg<br />
ZEN 8% ZEN 8% +<br />
cactus<br />
25mg/Kg<br />
ZEN 8%+<br />
cactus<br />
50mg/Kg<br />
ZEN 8%+<br />
cactus<br />
100mg/Kg<br />
Kidney<br />
500<br />
Acitivé Catalase<br />
400<br />
300<br />
200<br />
100<br />
0<br />
EOH/H2O <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> 100<br />
mg/Kg<br />
ZEN 8% ZEN 8% +<br />
cactus<br />
25mg/Kg<br />
ZEN 8%+<br />
cactus<br />
50mg/Kg<br />
ZEN 8%+<br />
cactus<br />
100mg/Kg
C<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong><br />
The extract <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode has <strong>the</strong><br />
activity: Anti-oxydative stress<br />
Zourgui & al. 2008 Food and Chemical Toxicology 46, 1817-1824.
II- Protective effect <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode against <strong>the</strong><br />
genotoxicity induced by Zéaralén<strong>on</strong>e<br />
Objective:<br />
Induced <strong>the</strong> chromosomal aberrati<strong>on</strong>s and DNA damage by<br />
<strong>the</strong> Zen:<br />
- Inter-chromosomic anomaly: (Breaks, Centric Fusi<strong>on</strong>s)<br />
- Intra-chromosomic anomaly : (Gaps, Rings )
Chromosomal aberrati<strong>on</strong> assay:<br />
Results<br />
45<br />
40<br />
35<br />
30<br />
% d'AC<br />
25<br />
20<br />
15<br />
10<br />
5<br />
0<br />
c<strong>on</strong>trol Ca 100 Z 8% Z 8% + Ca<br />
25<br />
Z 8% + Ca<br />
50<br />
Z 8% + Ca<br />
100
Chromosomal aberrati<strong>on</strong> assay<br />
Results: percentage <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> chromosome aberrati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
Centric<br />
Fusi<strong>on</strong>s<br />
(%)<br />
Rings<br />
(%)<br />
Breaks<br />
(%)<br />
Gaps<br />
(%)<br />
Total<br />
(%)<br />
C<strong>on</strong>trol 1<br />
2,33<br />
1,67<br />
0,00<br />
0,00<br />
4,00<br />
C<strong>on</strong>trol 2: <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> 100 mg/Kg<br />
3,67<br />
1,67<br />
0,00<br />
0,00<br />
5,33<br />
ZEN 8%<br />
15,33<br />
15,00<br />
5,00<br />
1,67<br />
38,33<br />
ZEN 8% + <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> 25 mg/Kg<br />
9,67<br />
14,33<br />
3,67<br />
1,00<br />
28,67<br />
ZEN 8% + <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> 50 mg/Kg<br />
11,67<br />
7,67<br />
2,67<br />
0,67<br />
22,67<br />
ZEN 8% + <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> 100 mg/Kg<br />
10,67<br />
7,00<br />
1,00<br />
0,00<br />
18,67
DNA damage<br />
Kidney Liver<br />
M M 11 22 3 4 5 66 7<br />
M: MW<br />
1: c<strong>on</strong>trol 1: H2O<br />
2: c<strong>on</strong>trol 2: Ethanol/H20<br />
3: c<strong>on</strong>trol 3: 100mg/Kg du <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
4: ZEN (8%)<br />
5: ZEN (8%) + 25mg/Kg du <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
6: ZEN (8%) + 50mg/Kg du <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
7: ZEN (8%) + 100mg/Kg du <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g>
c<strong>on</strong>firmati<strong>on</strong> results:<br />
- Comet assay<br />
- Frequency <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Micr<strong>on</strong>uclei<br />
C<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong>:<br />
Anti-genotoxic activities <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> cactus caldodes:<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Preventive</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> mic<strong>on</strong>uclei, Abberati<strong>on</strong><br />
chromosomic, DNA damages<br />
Zorgui & al. 2009 Journal Food and chemical Toxicology 47, 662-667
III- Protective effect <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode against <strong>the</strong><br />
Pathological changes induced by Zéaralén<strong>on</strong>e<br />
Liver<br />
C<strong>on</strong>trol<br />
Zen + cactus 25mg<br />
Zen<br />
-Periportal necroticinflammatory<br />
Zen + cactus100 lesi<strong>on</strong> mg<br />
-Pericanalair bilary<br />
inflammati<strong>on</strong><br />
- Microvascular steatosis
III- Protective effect <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> cladode against <strong>the</strong><br />
Pathological changes induced by Zéaralén<strong>on</strong>e<br />
Kidney<br />
C<strong>on</strong>trol<br />
Zen + cactus 25mg<br />
Zen<br />
- necrotic lesi<strong>on</strong>s<br />
- limited inflammatory<br />
Zen + cactus100 mg<br />
around glomerules and<br />
cortico-medullary z<strong>on</strong>es
III- Protective effect <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
cladode against <strong>the</strong> Biochemical,<br />
Hematological induced by<br />
Zéaralén<strong>on</strong>e
General C<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Cactus</str<strong>on</strong>g> (<str<strong>on</strong>g>Opuntia</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>ficus</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>indica</str<strong>on</strong>g>) cladode extract<br />
has a protective effect against toxicity<br />
induced by Zearalen<strong>on</strong>e<br />
Current works (Ongoing Studies)<br />
-Isolati<strong>on</strong> and identificati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> protein(s) and<br />
biomolecule (s) involved in this mecanisme
Our Partners<br />
Faculté des Sciences de Tunis<br />
U.R de Physiologie<br />
Pr. Mohamed AMRI,<br />
INRA, Sophia Antipolis, Nice<br />
Equipe de toxicologie moléculaire<br />
et génomique<br />
Dr. Roger RAHMANI<br />
Faculté de Méd. Dentaire de M<strong>on</strong>astir<br />
Laboratoire de Recherche sur les<br />
Substances Biologiquement Compatibles<br />
Pr. Hassen BACHA<br />
Faculté de Pharmacie de M<strong>on</strong>astir<br />
Laboratoire de Recherche des maladies<br />
transmissibles et substances<br />
biologiquement actives<br />
Pr. Mahjoub OUNI<br />
Faculté de Médecine de Sfax<br />
U.R. Histopathologie<br />
Pr. Tarak REBAI,<br />
Hopital H. Bourguiba Sfax<br />
Labo. Biochimie Pr. F. Ellouze