The EAR Anatomy
The EAR Anatomy
The EAR Anatomy
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<strong>The</strong> <strong>EAR</strong><br />
Chapter Thirteen<br />
Medical Terminology<br />
HIT # 141<br />
<strong>Anatomy</strong><br />
• Auricle, pinna = bilateral of the head, directs<br />
sound waves in the external auditory meatus.<br />
• External auditory meatus = short tube ends at<br />
the tympanic membrane.<br />
• Tympanic membrane = eardrum semitransparent<br />
membrane that separates the external meatus<br />
and the middle ear cavity.<br />
• Eustachian tube = connects the middle ear and<br />
the pharynx (throat). Regulates air pressure.<br />
• Ossicles = bones of the middle ear, carry sound<br />
vibrations, malleus (hammer), incus (anvil),<br />
stapes (stirrup).<br />
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<strong>Anatomy</strong><br />
• Inner ear Labyrinth = bony spaces within the<br />
temporal bone of the skull.<br />
– Cochlea =snail shaped and contains the organ of<br />
hearing.<br />
– Semicircular canals & vestibule = contains<br />
receptors and endolymph that help the body<br />
maintain its balance or equilibrium.<br />
• Mastoid bone and cells = located in the skull<br />
bone behind the external auditory meatus.<br />
Combining Forms for the <strong>EAR</strong><br />
•Acou/o audi/o = hearing<br />
•Aur/i aur/o = ear.<br />
• Labyrinth/o = labyrinth.<br />
• Mastoid/o = mastoid bone.<br />
•Myring/o = tympanic membrane (eardrum).<br />
•Ot/o = ear.<br />
•Staped/o = stapes (middle ear bone).<br />
•Tympan/o = tympanic membrane, eardrum.<br />
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Disease and Disorder Terms<br />
• Labyrinthitis = inflammation of the labyrinth.<br />
• Mastoiditis = inflammation of the mastoid bone.<br />
• Myringitis = inflammation of the eardrum.<br />
• Otalgia = pain in the ear.<br />
•Otomycosis= fungus in the ear.<br />
• Otopyorrhea = discharge of pus from the ear.<br />
• Tympanitis = inflammation of the middle ear.<br />
Otitis Meida.<br />
•Ceruminoma= tumor of the glands that secrete<br />
earwax.<br />
Disease and Disorder Terms<br />
• Meniere’s disease = chronic disease of the inner<br />
ear, dizziness and ringing in the ear.<br />
• Otitis externa = inflammation of the outer ear.<br />
• Otitis media = inflammation of the middle ear.<br />
•Tinnitus= ringing in the ears.<br />
•Vertigo= dizziness.<br />
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Surgical Terms<br />
• Labyrinthectomy = excision of the labyrinth.<br />
• Mastoidectomy = excision of the mastoid bone.<br />
• Myringoplasty = surgical repair of the tympanic<br />
membrane.<br />
• Myringotomy = incision of the tympanic<br />
membrane, performed to release pus and relieve<br />
pressure in the middle ear.<br />
• Tympanoplasty = surgical repair of the eardrum.<br />
Procedural Terms<br />
• Acoumeter = instrument used to measure,<br />
acuteness of hearing.<br />
• Audiogram = graphic record of hearing.<br />
• Audiometry = measurement of hearing.<br />
•Otoscopy= visual examination of the ear.<br />
• Tympanometer = instrument to measure middle<br />
ear functions.<br />
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Complementary Terms<br />
• Audiologist = one who is skilled in and<br />
specializes in audiology.<br />
• Audiology = study of hearing.<br />
• Otologist = physician who studies and treats<br />
diseases of the ear.<br />
•Otology= study of the ear.<br />
• Otorhinolaryngologist = ENT physician who<br />
studies and treats diseases and disorders of the<br />
ear, (ear, nose, & throat).<br />
Abbreviations<br />
•AD= right ear OD = right eye<br />
•AS= left ear OS = left eye<br />
•AU= both ears OU = both eyes<br />
•ENT= ear, nose, throat<br />
• EENT = eye, ear, nose, throat<br />
•OM= otitis media<br />
•Oto= otology<br />
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End of Chapter # 13<br />
Speak up, I can’t hear you!<br />
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