Thesis for degree: Licentiate of Engineering

3.2 Governing equations for the macroscale model .......................................................................... 24
3.2.1 Mass transport ...................................................................................................................... 25
3.2.2 Heat transport....................................................................................................................... 26
3.2.3 Momentum transport ........................................................................................................... 27
3.2.4 Electrochemical reactions .................................................................................................... 27
3.2.5 Internal reforming reactions ................................................................................................ 28
3.3 Heat and mass transfer limitations of the kinetic model ............................................................. 30
3.3.1 Interparticle transport ........................................................................................................... 31
3.3.2 Interphase transport ............................................................................................................. 32
3.3.3 Intraparticle transport ........................................................................................................... 33
4 Results and discussion ........................................................................................................................ 36
4.1 Microscale model by LBM ......................................................................................................... 36
4.2 Evaluation of kinetics at smaller scales ...................................................................................... 40
4.3 Macroscale model by CFD ......................................................................................................... 43
4.3.1 Case study: Internal reforming reaction rates ...................................................................... 43
4.3.2 Case study: Methane content and steam-to-fuel ratio .......................................................... 46
5 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................ 51
6 Future work ........................................................................................................................................ 52
7 References .......................................................................................................................................... 53
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