Thesis-Anne-Vos-Masters-SBR-and-EU-Law-3

Index
1 Introduction p. 7
1.1 Shale gas p. 7
1.2 Research question p. 8
1.3 Research method p. 9
2 Context p. 10
2.1 About shale gas p. 10
2.1.1 Unconventional gas p. 10
2.1.2 Method of extraction p. 10
2.2 Importance of shale gas in today’s society p. 11
2.2.1 Security of supply and EU competitiveness p. 11
2.2.2 Clean(er) alternative p. 12
2.3 Concerns of shale gas p. 13
2.3.1 Environmental concerns p. 14
• Water quality and use p. 14
• Air emissions p. 15
• Seismicity p. 15
2.3.2 Local impacts p. 16
2.3.3 Transparency and public consultation p. 16
2.4 Conclusion p. 17
3 European legislation p. 18
3.1 The Lisbon Treaty p. 18
3.2 Most recent developments p. 20
3.3 EIA Directive p. 21
3.4 Water Framework Directive p. 25
3.5 REACH Regulation p. 26
3.6 Mining Waste Directive p. 27
3.7 Habitats and Birds Directive p. 29
3.8 Hydrocarbons Directive p. 30
3.9 Seveso III Directive p. 31
3.10 Environmental Liability Directive p. 31
3.11 Overview problems p. 32
3.12 Conclusion p. 32
4 Dutch legislation p. 33
4.1 Current situation p. 33
4.2 Exploration permit p. 35
4.3 Environmental Impact Assessment p. 37
4.4 The integrated environmental permit (Wabo) + Notification (Barmm) p. 38
4.5 Spatial planning (Wro) p. 40
4.6 Other permits p. 42
4.6.1 Nature p. 42
4.6.2 Water p. 43
4.6.3 Soil p. 45
4.6.4 Storage of waste p. 45
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