Bulletin of the Sea Fisheries Institute 1 (155) 2002 - CEEMaR

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46 Z. Dobrzañski, P. Bykowski, Z. Iwaniuk, Z. Usydus, H. Górecka and T. Trziszka currently being conducted to determine the optimal dosage of both fish oil and meal for poultry, swine, cattle and sheep. FO is currently being tested in the feed of broiler chickens, laying hens, dairy cows, growing-finishing pigs and sows in farrow. Some preliminary results are already in press (Korniewicz et al. 2002; Dobrzañski et al. 2002). This study was conducted as part of project number 5 P06G 01999/C 4076. REFERENCES Anon. Witaminy w ¿ywieniu zwierz¹t [Vitamins in animal nutrition]. 1991. AWT, Bonn (Roche Polska Sp. z o.o., W-wa). Association of official Analytical Chemists. 1990 [In:] official Methods of Analysis. K. Herlich (ed.). 15th Ed. Arlington. VA, USA, Vol. 1. Baer, R. J., J. Ryali, D. J. Schingoethe, K. M. Kasperson, D. C. Donovan, A. R. Hippen and S. T. Franklin 2001. Composition and properties of milk and butter from cows fed fish oil. J. Dairy Sci. 84 (2): 345-353. Baku³a, T., M. Gajêcki, Z. Iwaniuk, R. Malinowski and S. Wajda 1999. Dodatek oleju rybnego w ¿ywieniu trzody chlewnej [Fish oil supplements in porker feed]. Inf. Pasz. 7/8: 32-42. Bimbo, A. P. and J. B. Crowther 1992. Fish meal and oil – current uses. J. Am. Oil Chemist Soc. 145: 221-227. Dobrzañski, Z., D. Jamroz, P. Bykowski, T. Trziszka and S. Tronina 2002. Wp³yw paszowego oleju rybnego na efektywnoœæ tuczu brojlerów i cechy sensoryczne miêsa [Effect of dietary fish oil on the broiler performance and organoleptic properties of meat]. EJPAU. Ser. Anim. Sci. [in press]. Eder, K.1995. Gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acid methyl esters. J. Chromatogr. 671: 113-131. Górecka, H., J. Górecki and Z. Dobrzañski 2001. An application of plasma spectrometry ICP-OES and ICP-MS for metal content analysis in biological and environmental samples. [In:] Pollution control in agriculture and fertilizer industry. H. Górecki and J. Zwozdziak (eds.). Czech-Pol Trade, Praha: 359-364. Judex, S., G. R. Wohl, R. B. Wolff, W. Leng, A. N. Gollis and R. F. Zernicke 2000. Dietary fish oil supplementation adversely affects cortical bone morphology and biomechanics in growing rabbits. Calcif. Tissue Int. 66: 43-448. Kabata-Pendias, A. and H. Pendias 1999. Biogeochemia pierwiastków œladowych [Biogeochemistry of trace elements]. PWN, Warszawa. Konicka-Wocial, E., Z. Usydus and P. J. Bykowski 1996. Attempt of using thermal spills from fish processing for fodder. Proc. Int. Conf. AUZO, Gdañsk, Poland 08-12 Sept.1996: 43-48 (suppl.). Korniewicz, A., Z. Dobrzañski, R. Ko³acz, D. Korniewicz and P. J. Bykowski 2002. Effect of dietary fish oil on fattening performance in pigs. Ann. Anim. Sci. [in press]. Ponnampalam, E. N., A. J. Sinclair, A. R. Egan, S. J. Blakeley, D. Li and B. J. Leury 2001. Effect of dietary modification of muscle long-chain n-3 fatty acid on plasma insulin and lipid metabolites, carcass traits, and fat position in lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 79 (4): 895-903. Ryœ, R., J. Korelski, M. Kuchta, A. Sieradzka and Z. Zegarek 1998. Wp³yw t³uszczu z organizmów morskich w mieszance paszowej dla kur na zawartoœæ wielonienasyconych kwasów t³uszczowych w ¿ó³tku jaja oraz pozom cholesterolu w surowicy krwi [The influence of marine animal fat in hen feed on the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids in egg yolks and on blood serum cholesterol]. Rocz. Nauk. Zoot. 25(1): 75-81. Usydus, Z. and P. Bykowski 1998. The utilization of waste and raw materials contained in wastewater from the fish processing industry. Bull. Sea Fish. Inst., Gdynia, 1(143): 17-29.
BULLETIN OF THE SEA FISHERIES INSTITUTE 1 (155) 2002 Length correction of larval and early-juvenile herring (Clupea harengus L.) and smelt (Osmerus eperlanus L.) after preservation in formalin and alcohol Dariusz P. Fey Sea Fisheries Institute, Ko³³¹taja 1, 81-332 Gdynia, Poland Abstract. The most significant changes in the length of larval and juvenile herring and smelt occurred after two days of preservation in 4% formaldehyde seawater solution. The larvae were then transferred to 96% alcohol, this was followed by additional shrinkage over the next eight days. The subsequent 90 days of preservation did not induce significant shrinkage. There were no differences in shrinkage between smelt and herring and the degree of shrinkage for both species was very much dependent on fish size, i.e. smaller specimens shrunk more (e.g. 12 mm SL: 8-18%) than larger ones (e.g. 28 mm SL: 0-2%). The live length of larvae and juveniles that were initially preserved in formalin and then transferred into alcohol can be back-calculated using an equation that describes the relationship between SL measured prior to and after 10 days of preservation (SL live = 0.910 SL preserved + 2.695; n = 154, R 2 = 0.994). This equation can be used for length correction of fish not larger than 30 mm in size when shrinkage is zero. Key words: Shrinkage, herring, smelt, length correction. INTRODUCTION Larval and juvenile fish length measurements are used to calculate growth rate, condition, mortality, etc. However, one can expect considerable error in these estimates as a result of inaccurate length estimates due to shrinkage as high as 40% during fixation and preservation (Radtke 1989). It has already been shown that the degree of shrinkage depends on the type and strength of the preservative and specimen size and can vary depending on fish species (for review see Butler 1992, Fey 1999). Thus, any length correction should be made with formulas which take into consideration all these factors. The standard procedure for sample storage in many scientific groups and institutes worldwide is to preserve the samples in formalin onboard and to transfer them into alcohol after two to three days. Despite the significant number of papers regarding shrinkage that have already been published, there is no formula available to calculate the live length of larval smelt and herring preserved this way. The goal of this study was to present a length correction formula, including preserved fish length as an independent variable, for larval and juvenile smelt and herring preserved for 100 days initially in 4% formaldehyde solution and transferred after two days into 96% alcohol.
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Page 31 and 32: 32 KORDIAN TRELLA Table 1. Walleye
Page 33 and 34: 34 KORDIAN TRELLA DISCUSSION Walley
Page 35 and 36: 36 KORDIAN TRELLA REFERENCES Bailey
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Page 51 and 52: 54 SVAJUNAS STANKUS There is little
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Page 57 and 58: 60 SVAJUNAS STANKUS Repechka, R., S
Page 59 and 60: 62 NORBERT WOLNOMIEJSKI and IRENA G
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