Lattice QCD with chemical potential
Lattice QCD with chemical potential
Lattice QCD with chemical potential
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What’s the problem?<br />
Z = e −F/T = ∫ DUe −S ∏ f det M(U, m f, µ f ) = ∫ DUe −S(T,µ)<br />
Dirac operator: M = m + i∂ µ γ µ<br />
• If there is a Q such that M † = Q † MQ, then clearly det M is real.<br />
• Q = γ 5 for µ = 0. Nothing for µ ≠ 0.<br />
• Monte Carlo simulations of Z fail.<br />
• Under CP symmetry {U} → {U ′ } such that det M(U) = [det M(U ′ )] ∗ .<br />
• Z remains real and non-negative— thermodynamics is safe.<br />
Chemical <strong>potential</strong>/S. Gupta: IMSc, 2003 to plan, Phases, Reweight, Expansion, QNS, strangeness, EOS, masses, end 3
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