ExamView Pro - CP Bio Chapter 14.tst

Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
ID: A
Chapter 14 - The Human Genome - Practice Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Which of the following are shown in a karyotype?
a. homologous chromosomes c. autosomes
b. sex chromosomes d. all of the above
2. What is the approximate probability that a human offspring will be female?
a. 10 percent c. 50 percent
b. 25 percent d. 75 percent
3. What is the probability that a human sperm cell will carry an X chromosome?
a. 0 percent c. 50 percent
b. 25 percent d. 100 percent
4. A pedigree CANNOT be used to
a. determine whether a trait is inherited.
b. show how a trait is passed from one generation to the next.
c. determine whether an allele is dominant or recessive.
d. none of the above
5. A person who has PKU
a. inherited the allele for the trait from one parent.
b. inherited the allele for the trait from both parents.
c. is heterozygous for the trait.
d. will not pass the allele for the trait to his or her offspring.
6. Which of the following genotypes result in the same phenotype?
a. IAIA and IAIB c. IBIB and IAIB
b. IBIB and IBi d. IBi and ii
7. A change in a single gene causes the protein called CFTR to
a. become less soluble.
b. fold improperly.
c. destroy the cell membrane.
d. transport sodium ions instead of chloride ions.
8. Chromosomes 21 and 22 contain long stretches of repetitive DNA, which
a. contain genes for colorblindness.
b. are able to code for proteins.
c. are unstable sites where rearrangements can occur.
d. contain genes for Lou Gehrig’s disease.
9. Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because
a. fathers pass the allele for colorblindness to their sons only.
b. the allele for colorblindness is located on the Y chromosome.
c. the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the X chromosome.
d. males who are colorblind have two copies of the allele for colorblindness.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 10. A Barr body is
a. a condensed X chromosome that is inactive.
b. a condensed Y chromosome that is inactive.
c. an activated X chromosome.
d. an activated Y chromosome.
____ 11. Because the X chromosome contains genes that are vital for normal development, no baby has been born
a. with one X chromosome. c. without an X chromosome.
b. with three X chromosomes. d. with four X chromosomes.
____ 12. Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes represents a female?
a. XY c. XXXY
b. XXY d. XX
____ 13. The process of DNA fingerprinting is based on the fact that
a. the most important genes are different among most people.
b. no two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA.
c. most genes are dominant.
d. most people have DNA that contains repeats.
____ 14. The human genome was sequenced
a. by sequencing each gene on each chromosome, one at a time.
b. using DNA fingerprinting.
c. by looking for overlapping regions between sequenced DNA fragments.
d. using open reading frames.
____ 15. Which of the following is the first step in gene therapy?
a. splicing the normal gene to viral DNA
b. allowing recombinant viruses to infect human cells
c. using restriction enzymes to cut out the normal gene from DNA
d. identifying the faulty gene that causes the disease
____ 16. How many chromosomes are shown in a normal human karyotype?
a. 2 c. 44
b. 23 d. 46
____ 17. In humans, a male has
a. one X chromosome only.
b. two X chromosomes.
c. one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.
d. two Y chromosomes.
____ 18. Human females produce egg cells that have
a. one X chromosome. c. one X or one Y chromosome.
b. two X chromosomes. d. one X and one Y chromosome.
____ 19. In a pedigree, a circle represents a(an)
a. male. c. child.
b. female. d. adult.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 20. Which of the following is caused by a dominant allele?
a. Huntington’s disease c. Tay-Sachs disease
b. PKU d. none of the above
____ 21. Which of the following is determined by multiple alleles?
a. Rh blood group c. PKU
b. ABO blood group d. Huntington’s disease
____ 22. Sickle cell disease is caused by a
a. small change in the DNA of a single gene.
b. change in the size of a chromosome.
c. change in two genes.
d. change in the number of chromosomes in a cell.
____ 23. Compared with normal hemoglobin, the hemoglobin of a person with sickle cell disease
a. is longer.
b. is shorter.
c. has a different sequence of amino acids.
d. is sickle-shaped.
____ 24. The sequencing of human chromosomes 21 and 22 showed that
a. some regions of chromosomes do not code for proteins.
b. all of the DNA of chromosomes codes for proteins.
c. different chromosomes have the same number of genes.
d. different chromosomes contain the same number of DNA bases.
____ 25. Sex-linked genes are located on
a. the autosomes.
b. the X chromosome only.
c. the Y chromosome only.
d. both the X chromosome and Y chromosome.
____ 26. Which of the following form(s) a Barr body?
a. the Y chromosome in a male cell
b. the X chromosome in a male cell
c. one of the X chromosomes in a female cell
d. both of the X chromosomes in a female cell
____ 27. The failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis is called
a. nondisjunction. c. Turner’s syndrome.
b. X-chromosome inactivation. d. Down syndrome.
____ 28. Scientists test for alleles that cause human genetic disorders by
a. making karyotypes. c. using DNA probes.
b. making DNA fingerprints. d. making pedigrees.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 29. The Human Genome Project is an attempt to
a. make a DNA fingerprint of every person’s DNA.
b. analyze the human DNA sequence.
c. cure human diseases.
d. identify alleles in human DNA that are recessive.
____ 30. The purpose of gene therapy is to
a. cure genetic disorders.
b. determine the sequences of genes.
c. search for genes on chromosomes.
d. identify an individual using DNA.
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
31. People who have sickle cell disease inherited ____________________ copy(ies) of the sickle cell allele.
32. A boy who has hemophilia inherited the disorder from his ____________________.
33. A person with the alleles ii has blood type ____________________.
34. A person who has ____________________ is unable to break down the amino acid phenylalanine.
35. The human genes associated with color vision are located on the ____________________ chromosome.
Short Answer
36. How are human chromosomes 21 and 22 similar?
37. A man who does not have hemophilia and a woman who is a carrier of the disorder have a son. What is the
probability that their son has hemophilia?
38. Why are all X-linked alleles expressed in males, even if they are recessive?
39. Why do scientists use sections of DNA that have little or no known function to do DNA fingerprinting?
40. Why did scientists expect that humans would have more genes than they actually do?
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
The pedigree shows the inheritance of free earlobes and attached earlobes in five generations of a family.
Attached earlobes is caused by a recessive allele (f).
Figure 14–1
41. Inferring Is individual 2 in Figure 14-1 homozygous or heterozygous for free earlobes? Explain.
42. Inferring Can you be certain of the genotype of individual 5 in Figure 14-1? Explain.
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 14–2
43. Applying Concepts In the human karyotype in Figure 14-2, what are the chromosomes in each numbered
group called?
44. Interpreting Graphics In the human karyotype in Figure 14-2, how many chromosomes are shown?
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
45. Inferring Is the individual represented by the karyotype in Figure 14-2 male or female? Explain.
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ID: A
Chapter 14 - The Human Genome - Practice Test
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANS: D REF: p. 341
2. ANS: C REF: p. 342
3. ANS: C REF: p. 342
4. ANS: D REF: p. 342
5. ANS: B REF: p. 345
6. ANS: B REF: p. 344
7. ANS: B REF: p. 346
8. ANS: C REF: p. 349
9. ANS: C REF: p. 350
10. ANS: A REF: p. 352
11. ANS: C REF: p. 353
12. ANS: D REF: p. 342
13. ANS: B REF: p. 357
14. ANS: C REF: p. 358
15. ANS: D REF: p. 359
16. ANS: D REF: p. 341
17. ANS: C REF: p. 342
18. ANS: A REF: p. 342
19. ANS: B REF: p. 342
20. ANS: A REF: p. 346
21. ANS: B REF: p. 344
22. ANS: A REF: p. 347
23. ANS: C REF: p. 347
24. ANS: A REF: p. 349
25. ANS: D REF: p. 350
26. ANS: C REF: p. 352
27. ANS: A REF: p. 352
28. ANS: C REF: p. 355
29. ANS: B REF: p. 357
30. ANS: A REF: p. 359
COMPLETION
31. ANS: two
REF: p. 347
32. ANS: mother
REF: p. 351
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ID: A
33. ANS: O
REF: p. 344
34. ANS: PKU
REF: p. 345
35. ANS: X
REF: p. 350
SHORT ANSWER
36. ANS:
Chromosomes 21 and 22 are the smallest human autosomes, they contain hundreds of genes, and they contain
long stretches of repetitive DNA that do not code for proteins.
REF: p. 349
37. ANS:
The probability that their son has hemophilia is 50%.
REF: p. 351
38. ANS:
Males have just one X chromosome.
REF: p. 350
39. ANS:
These sections of DNA vary widely from person to person.
REF: p. 357
40. ANS:
Scientists expected humans to have more genes because a human is a very complex organism.
REF: p. 358
OTHER
41. ANS:
The individual is heterozygous (Ff), since her daughter has attached earlobes. The daughter inherited one
allele for attached earlobes from individual 2 and another from individual 1.
REF: p. 342
42. ANS:
No, the genotype of individual 5 is uncertain because his children have free earlobes. Thus, individual 5
could be homozygous (FF) or heterozygous (Ff) for free earlobes. If, however, one of his children had
attached earlobes, it would be certain that individual 5 is heterozygous.
REF: p. 342
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ID: A
43. ANS:
The chromosomes in each group are called homologous chromosomes.
REF: p. 341
44. ANS:
Forty-seven chromosomes are shown.
REF: p. 341
45. ANS:
The individual is male. In the presence of the Y chromosome, the human embryo will also develop as a male,
no matter how many X chromosomes are present.
REF: p. 341
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