Oral Contraceptive Use and Ovarian Cancer - Library

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CDC-EIS: OCs and Ovarian Cancer (811-X11) - Participant’s Guide page 8 Question 6a: What is the null hypothesis in this study? Question 6b: What special information does the odds ratio give that you do not get from Chi square and p value? What additional information do you get from the p value and Chi square? From a confidence interval? Question 7: How might you describe and interpret these results? In many epidemiologic studies, age is a confounding factor. Question 8: What is confounding? Under what circumstances would age be a confounder in this study?
CDC-EIS: OCs and Ovarian Cancer (811-X11) - Participant’s Guide page 9 Part III In the analysis of use of oral contraceptives and ovarian cancer, age was related both to OC use and to case-control status. (OC users were younger than never-users; case-patients were younger than controls.) Therefore, the investigators decided to stratify the data by age and calculate stratum-specific and, if appropriate, summary statistics of the stratified data. The Mantel-Haenszel (MH) procedure is a popular method for calculating a summary odds ratio and test of significance for stratified data. Question 9: What is stratification? Why stratify data? How do you decide on which variables to stratify? Question 10: What is effect modification? How do you look for it?
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