TRACING ABUNDANCES IN GALAXIES WITH THE SPITZER ...

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BIBLIOGRAPHY Acker, A., Marcout, J., Ochsenbein, F., Stenholm, B., & Tylenda, R. 1992, Stras- bourg - ESO catalogue of galactic planetary nebulae. Part 1; Part 2 (Garching: European Southern Observatory, 1992) Acker, A., Raytchev, B., Koeppen, J., & Stenholm, B. 1991, A&AS, 89, 237 Allamandola, L. J., Tielens, G. G. M., & Barker, J. R. 1989, ApJS, 71, 733 Asplund, M., Grevesse, N., & Sauval, A. J. 2005, in ASP Conf. Ser. 336: Cosmic Abundances as Records of Stellar Evolution and Nucleosynthesis, ed. T. G. Barnes, III & F. N. Bash, 25–+ Bailey, M. E., Butler, C. J., & McFarland, J. 2005, Astronomy and Geophysics, 46, 26 Ballero, S. K., Matteucci, F., Origlia, L., & Rich, R. M. 2007, A&A, 467, 123 BBC. 2001 Beaulieu, S. F., Dopita, M. A., & Freeman, K. C. 1999, ApJ, 515, 610 Benjamin, R. A., Skillman, E. D., & Smits, D. P. 1999, ApJ, 514, 307 Bensby, T. & Lundström, I. 2001, A&A, 374, 599 Bernard-Salas, J. 2003, Physics and Chemistry of Gas in Planetary Nebulae (The- sis, University of Groningen) Bernard-Salas, J., Pottasch, S. R., Beintema, D. A., & Wesselius, P. R. 2001, A&A, 367, 949 Bernard-Salas, J., Pottasch, S. R., Gutenkunst, S., Morris, P. W., & Houck, J. R. 2008, ApJ, 672, 274 113
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TRACING ABUNDANCES IN GALAXIES WITH
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TRACING ABUNDANCES IN GALAXIES WITH
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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Shannon was bor
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost
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thank my husband Ryan. The rest of
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3 Chemical Abundances and Dust in P
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LIST OF FIGURES 1.1 Diagram of the
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ditionally we find that these nebul
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seed nuclei relative to the β deca
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shape (Carollo et al., 2007). These
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Boltzmann velocity distribution cha
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etween recapture and photoionizatio
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a whole. Additionally, abundances f
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at the appropriate temperature and
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(a) 3.37 eV 1.40 eV 0.10 eV 0.04 eV
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(Iion), the radiative transition ra
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lines. For example, changing the ad
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Figure 1.4 Starburst99 synthetic sp
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Figure 1.5 Example of crystalline s
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H H H H H H H H H Anthanthrene C H
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year lifetime. Spitzer is in an Ear
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CHAPTER 2 THE SPITZER IRS INFRARED
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these elements than previous studie
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dust is seen in the spectrum. We se
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Figure 2.2 Close-ups of emission li
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2.4 Optical and UV Data We compleme
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2.5 Data Analysis Our goal is to ca
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2.5.2 Electron Density We assume an
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Table 2.6 Electron temperatures ass
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O, N, and C. The helium ionic abund
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Barlow (1994) use UV lines for impo
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is a spherical nebula with a low ma
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CHAPTER 3 CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES AND D
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essential data on important ionizat
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are members of the Bulge, (Acker et
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Table 3.2 Properties of observed GB
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nod-averaged line fluxes. Uncertain
Page 75 and 76: Table 3.3 Multiplicative scaling fa
Page 77 and 78: Table 3.4 Observed infrared line fl
Page 79 and 80: 3.5 Data Analysis 3.5.1 Abundances
Page 81 and 82: Table 3.6 Comparison of the derived
Page 83 and 84: from the most reliable line(s), and
Page 85 and 86: Table 3.7 Electron temperatures and
Page 87 and 88: Table 3.9 Ionic abundances Ion x a
Page 89 and 90: 3.5.2 Crystalline Silicates Crystal
Page 91 and 92: argon, neon, and sulfur tend to be
Page 93 and 94: Figure 3.2 Continuum subtracted spe
Page 95 and 96: Figure 3.3 Profiles of PAH features
Page 97 and 98: mean argon and sulfur abundances ar
Page 99 and 100: of two smaller than that of Simpson
Page 101 and 102: towards the Galactic Center. On the
Page 103 and 104: Table 3.14 Parameters of linear fit
Page 105 and 106: models that show how a binary compa
Page 107 and 108: y an outer dense O-rich torus, indi
Page 109 and 110: CHAPTER 4 ABUNDANCES IN H II REGION
Page 111 and 112: expect their abundance ratio to rem
Page 113 and 114: We extract spectra processed throug
Page 115 and 116: Figure 4.2 IRS spectra of H II regi
Page 117 and 118: IRS slits from these WIRC observati
Page 119 and 120: S IV) we employ is equal to Te(O +2
Page 121 and 122: Figure 4.3 M51 H II region Ne III/N
Page 123 and 124: Figure 4.4 shows a plot of the (Ne
Page 125: James Webb Space Telescope (JWST);
Page 129 and 130: Edgar, R. G., Nordhaus, J., Blackma
Page 131 and 132: Hummer, D. G., Berrington, K. A., E
Page 133 and 134: Matsuura, M., Zijlstra, A. A., Mols
Page 135 and 136: Pradhan, A. K., Montenegro, M., Nah
Page 137: Vassiliadis, E. & Wood, P. R. 1993,
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TRACING ABUNDANCES IN GALAXIES WITH THE SPITZER ...

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