Inside the Cold War - Project Gutenberg Consortia Center

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THE LEADERS training and evaluations ever known in flying operations. He used a number of creative techniques to instill competitiveness within the combat crew force: — bombing and navigation competition events — “spot” promotions for combat crew members who excelled and maintained the highest levels of proficiency — long-range demonstration flights by SAC bombers — a war planning process that included aerial reconnaissance, intelligence collection and processing, Soviet target development, and nuclear weapons employment. Over the next several years, SAC participated in the Korean War and received the first all-jet bomber—the B-47. General LeMay continued to drill SAC in the fundamentals of strategic air war proficiency. Long-range demonstration flights were made by B-36s to the United Kingdom and North Africa. B-29 and B-50 units also conducted rotational deployments to England, Japan, Guam, and North Africa. These combat-ready bomber units were capable of launching strike missions against any targets anywhere. In 1954, B-36 bomb wings began to rotate to Guam for 90-day ground alert tours. They, too, were ready for combat, their nuclear weapons loaded for execution. The first B-52 was delivered to SAC on 29 June 1955. In November of that year, SAC was directed to integrate ICBMs into its strategic war plans. General LeMay departed SAC on 30 June 1957 to become Vice Chief of Staff and, later, Chief of Staff, US Air Force. A revered but controversial leader, he retired from active duty in 1964. Some, this author among them, say he was the man for the time. After his death, and in the wave of “Cold War historical revisionism,” many critics maligned General LeMay. His character, intentions, motivation, policies—even his personal appearance—have come under fire from such prominent writers and journalists as Pulitzer Prize winner Richard Rhodes, Northwestern University Professor Michael Sherry, and British documentary filmmaker Paul Lashmar. Their characterizations, and wholly false accounts of events in several instances, were fabricated without them ever having met General LeMay. Nor have they ever understood the necessity for his call to arms and his leadership in a perilous 21
INSIDE THE COLD WAR time. According to one of the most bizarre accusations, LeMay was to have made a secret deal with “another general in New Mexico,” under which the “other general” would “turn over control of nuclear weapons” to LeMay “for his own use in SAC.” Anyone ever associated with, or knowledgeable of, the national accountability and safeguard rules for controlling and managing nuclear weapons will quickly recognize the fraudulence of such a claim. Nevertheless, the accusation went forward as fact. Another myth had LeMay secretly “ordering” clandestine spy plane missions over the Soviet Union early in the Cold War without White House knowledge—a patently absurd proposition! Latter day critics often travel the last mile in their irreverent attempts to denigrate General LeMay (and the US military as a whole). But even LeMay’s harshest critics cannot deny his great achievement in developing for his country the strongest and most enduring defense posture ever known. He did not win the Cold War single-handedly, but he was one of the principal architects of the US deterrence that brought it to an end. Admiral Hyman G. Rickover (1900–86) Admiral Rickover was every bit as controversial as General LeMay. Several biographers have attempted to reach into Rickover’s early life and the lives of his parents, but have had little success. The admiral would seldom sit still for interviews or provide enlightenment about his background. Two different dates reflect his birth: His Naval Academy biography states that he was born on 27 January 1900; other records reflect that he was born eighteen months earlier, on 24 August 1898. By some accounts, his father immigrated to the United States in 1899; others suggest 1904. In any event, Hyman Rickover was born of Jewish parents in the small village of Makow, 50 miles north of Warsaw, Poland. His father, Abraham, a tailor, found work in New York and saved enough money to bring his family to the United States. There is no clear record of exactly when Hyman Rickover, his mother, and his older sister arrived in New York, but it is known that the family relocated to Chicago around 1908. Abraham refused to move into 22
Page 1 and 2: Inside the Cold War A Cold Warrior
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———. The Rocket’s Red Glare
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Donaldson, Robert H. The Soviet Uni
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Hosbawm, Eric. The Age of Extremes.
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Lee, Asher. The Soviet Air Force. N
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Sulzberger, C. L. A Long Row of Can
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