Issue 1 Sep-Dec 2010 - Journal of Chronotherapy and Drug Delivery

JOURNAL OF CHRONOTHERAPY
AND
DRUG DELIVERY
Volume 1; Issue 1 Sep-Dec 2010
www.chronotherapyjournal.net

Editorial / Advisory Board
Editor-in-Chief
Dr GT Kulkarni
Associate Editors
Dr OP Gouda, Maratha Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Belgaum
Mr Rajendra Awasthi, Laureate Institute of Pharmacy, Kangra
EDITORIAL BOARD - NATIONAL
Dr K Gowthamarajan, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund
Dr Ujwala Shinde, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai
Dr Subramanian Arunachalam, NISER, Bhubaneswar
Dr HKS Swamy, SJM College of Pharmacy, Chitradurga
Dr Rajasekar Jaladi, Hyderabad
Dr Vijay D Wagh, YB Chavan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad
Dr Babita Kumar, Dept of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SGIT, Ghaziabad
Dr Bigala Rajkamal, Ganga Pharmacy College, Nizamabad
Dr Jainendra Jain, Depatrment of Pharmacy, RamEesh Institute of Vocational and Technical
Education, Greater Noida
Dr NV Satheesh Madhav, Dehradun Institute of Technology, Dehradun
Dr Rupal Joshi, Zydus Research Center, Ahmedabad
Dr Nagendra Rao, Professor, SCS College of Pharmacy, Harapanahalli
Dr H Shivakumar, Professor, BLDE College of Pharmacy, Bijapur
Dr S Ramachandra Setty, SCS College of Pharmacy, Harapanahalli
Dr TY Pasha, NR Vekaria Institute of Pharmacy, Junagadh
Dr VG Joshi, Maratha Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Belgaum
Dr Y Anand Kumar, VL College of Pharmacy, Raichur
Dr MS Vijay Kanth, Strides Specialities Pvt Ltd, Bangalore
Dr A Ramakrishna Shabaraya, Srinivasa College of Pharmacy, Mangalore
Dr Srinivas Mutalik, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal
Dr V Rajani Kumar, Axis Clinicals Ltd, Hyderabad
Mr J Thimmasetty, Bapuji Pharmacy College, Davangere
Dr Umesh Kumar Sharma, Sir Madanlal Group of Institutions, Etawah
Mr Nitin Sharma, MIET, Meerut
Dr RV Kulkarni, BLDEA's College of Pharmacy, Bijapur
Dr K Krupanidhi, T John's College of Pharmacy, Bangalore
Dr K Venkatesh, AMRI Hospitals, Dhakuria, Kolkata
EDITORIAL BOARD - INTERNATIONAL
Dr Krishna Kumar Veeravalli, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, USA
Dr Nalamolu Koteswara Rao, School of Medicine, Taylor’s University College, Malaysia
Dr Sushruta Koppula, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Chungbuk, Korea
Dr Gorajana Adinarayana, International Medical University, Kualalumupr, Malaysia
Dr Kamal Dua, School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Kualalumpur, Malaysia
Dr MC Sabu, Department of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor,
Malaysia

Dr Rama Sekhara Reddy, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Washington,
USA
Dr Sunil A Agnihotri, Frontage Laboratories Inc, Exton, PA, USA
ADVISORY BOARD
Dr Sunil Jambhekar, LECOM-Brandenton School of Pharmacy, Bradenton, Florida, USA
Prof (Dr) RB Walker, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
Prof VB Desai, Former Drugs Controller of Karnataka, Bangalore
Prof KPR Chaudhary, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University,
Visakhapatnam
Prof S Satyanarayana, Avanthi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vizianagaram
Dr Milind Parle, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University, Hisar
Dr VN Sharma, Dept of Biotechnology, MIET, Meerut
Dr G Vidya Sagar, Veerayatan Institute of Pharmacy, Kutch
Dr PK Manna, Professor, Annamalai Univeristy, Chidambaram
Prof Vijay Bhalla, Spectrum Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Greater Noida

Content
S No
Title / Authors
REVIEW ARTICLES
1 Chronotherapy: an approach to synchronize drug delivery with
circadian rhythm
Vivek Kumar Pawar, Rajendra Awasthi
2 Chronotherapy: science and technology of drug scheduling on the basis
of biological rhythm
Rajendra Awasthi, Pravin Kumar, Vivek Kumar Pawar
3 Nanoparticles as carriers for drug targeting
Subhashis Debnath, Niranjan Babu M, Suresh Kumar R, Radhika G
Page
No
1-8
9-18
26-35
SPECIAL FOCUS ARTICLE: ARTHRITIS
1 Circadian rhythms in arthritis: a review
Rupali Singh, Pramod Kumar Sharma, Rishabha Malviya
19-25
ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPERS
1 Formulation development and evaluation of atenolol fast disintegrating
tablets for treatment of hypertension
Pranati Srivastava, Rishabha Malviya, Sharad Visht
2 Designing and evaluation of aceclofenac niosomes
Saggam Srinivas, Hafsa Mohammedi, Y Anand Kumar
36-42
43-47

JChrDD Vol 1 Issue 1 Sep-Dec 2010
Journal of Chronotherapy and Drug Delivery
Editorial
Dear Readers,
It is my pleasure to launch the first issue of the Journal of Chronotherapy and Drug Delivery.
All organisms, including human beings, exhibit rhythms in all the activities. These rhythms are called biological
rhythms. In other words, all organisms act as ‘living clocks.’ These biological rhythms are in the form of ultradian
(rhythms of less than 20 h duration), circadian (20-28 h duration) and infradian (rhythms of more than one day
duration, such as weekly/ monthly/ yearly rhythms). The basis of biological rhythms is the day-night cycle (or
activity-rest cycle).
Recently, it has been observed that these biological rhythms, particularly, circadian rhythms, have a prominent
role in the manifestation of diseases. A new branch of science, which deals with biological rhythms of disease,
called chronopharmacology, has been evolved. The body clock is found to affect both diagnosis and treatment
methodology of the disease. Symptoms of a various chronic diseases vary as per circadian rhythms. Some of
such diseases include allergic rhinitis, angina, asthma, heart attack, stroke, hypertension, arthritis, ulcer,
epilepsy, etc.
Chronopharmacology is the in-depth study of the manner and extent to which the kinetics and dynamics of
medications are directly affected by endogenous biologic rhythms, and how the dosing time of medications
affect biologic timekeeping and the features (period, level, amplitude, and phase) of biologic rhythms.
Chronotherapeutics is another new area of interest in which the medication is purposefully delivered in unequal
amounts over time (for example, during the 24 h). This needs development of new type of drug delivery
systems, which are capable of releasing the drug according to the chronopharmacology of the disease. Such
formulation development has led to another new area called chronopharmaceutics.
The Journal of Chronotherapy and Drug Delivery is being launched to give scope for the publication of papers
related to chronobiology, chronopharmacology, chronotherapeutics, chronopharmaceutics and drug delivery
systems. These are developing fields of modern medicine in western countries, whereas, Indian system of
medicine, Ayurveda, has taken into account the importance of timing in administration of medication. Papers
are also invited which throw light on chronotherapy in Indian, Chinese, and other such traditional herbal
medicine systems.
In the present issue, there are two review articles that describe two different aspects of chronotherapeutics.
The first article describes different chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems that are in market and the basic
principles underlying these drug delivery systems, whereas, the second article describes chronotherapeutic
approaches for different diseases. There is first article of a special focus series on chronopharmacology of
artiritis. There is another review article on nanoparticulate drug delivery systems. There are two original
research papers.
I request all the pharmaceutical scientists to support the cause of the journal by contributing research as well as
review papers in these areas.
I Wish a Merry Christmas and a very Happy New Year to all in advance
GT Kulkarni
Editor-in-Chief
http://www.chronotherapyjournal.com