Community-based Tourism as a Gateway to Social Justice and ...
Community-based Tourism as a Gateway to Social Justice and ...
Community-based Tourism as a Gateway to Social Justice and ...
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<strong>Community</strong>-<strong>b<strong>as</strong>ed</strong> <strong>to</strong>urism <strong>as</strong>a gateway <strong>to</strong> empowerment<strong>and</strong> social justice?Julia JänisInstitute of Development StudiesUniversity of HelsinkiFinl<strong>and</strong>
Introduction<strong>Community</strong>-<strong>b<strong>as</strong>ed</strong> <strong>to</strong>urism (CBT)Local community plans, manages <strong>and</strong>owns the <strong>to</strong>urism enterprise or product<strong>Tourism</strong> product is <strong>b<strong>as</strong>ed</strong> on local social,cultural <strong>and</strong>/or environmental traits
Introduction<strong>Social</strong> justice & empowermentMultidimensional process in local contextOpportunity <strong>to</strong> learn <strong>and</strong> make decisionsOpportunity <strong>to</strong> directly <strong>and</strong> equallybenefit from <strong>to</strong>urism activity which istransparent <strong>and</strong> not conflicting localinterests
CBT in NamibiaPolicy on CBT in 1995More than 30 active CBTEsCraft centres, camp sites, restcamps,<strong>to</strong>urs, cultural villages etc.More than 50 conservancies, CBNRMNACOBTA since 1995CBT recognised in national <strong>to</strong>urismpolicy
CBT in NamibiaSpecific significance in rural are<strong>as</strong>Jobs, income, public facilities, businessskills & self confidenceChallengesInexperience, lack of business skills <strong>and</strong>contacts, mismanagement of funds,dependency on external support, lack ofmarketing channels <strong>and</strong> mechanisms
Cultural <strong>to</strong>urism in TanzaniaCultural <strong>Tourism</strong> Programme 1995SNV, TTB <strong>and</strong> villages in Northern TZLocal economic significanceBetter purch<strong>as</strong>ing power, infr<strong>as</strong>tructure,access <strong>to</strong> education <strong>and</strong> health servicesMicro finance systems, women’s incomeChallengesInstitutional capacity, mismanagement offunds, reliance on <strong>to</strong>ur opera<strong>to</strong>rs
ConclusionsCBT important for rural developmentCBT, <strong>to</strong>ur opera<strong>to</strong>rs & philanthropy?Partnerships vs. exploitationRural communities not inherentlybusiness entitiesWhat is the capacity?What is the need for help <strong>and</strong> whendoes it end?Who markets <strong>and</strong> lobbies for CBTEs?
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