Scrubber Chemistry - Wpca.info

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Chemical Reaction Steps in FGDProcess• SO 2 absorption in absorber• Neutralization of the absorber SO 2 to keep theSO 2 vapor pressure low so that more SO 2 canbe absorbed• Dissolution of the limestone or lime reagent toprovide alkalinity for neutralization andcalcium ion for precipitation• Oxidation of absorbed SO 2 to form sulfate(SO 4 )• Precipitation of calcium and sulfate or sulfiteto form byproduct
Wet Limestone Forced Oxidized Process<strong>Chemistry</strong>SO 2 Absorption:SO 2 + H 2 O H 2 SO 3H 2 SO 3 H + + HSO 3Limestone Dissolution:CaCO 3 + H 2 O Ca ++ + HCO 3 + OH -Oxidation:HSO 3 + O 2 H + + SO=4Precipitation:Ca ++ + SO=4 + 2H 2 O CaSO 4 * 2H 2 O
Page 1 and 2: Duke Energy SeminarSeptember 3 - 5,
Page 3 and 4: Presentation Outline• FGD Chemist
Page 5 and 6: Types of SolutionsGas-Liquid(CO 2an
Page 7 and 8: Acids and BasesDefinition: Acid = p
Page 9: Overall Chemistry of a Limestone Fo
Page 13 and 14: Mass Transfer and Reaction Steps Oc
Page 15 and 16: Mass Transfer and Reaction Steps Oc
Page 17 and 18: Acid-Base Equilibrium ReactionsSO 2
Page 19 and 20: Liquid-Phase Alkalinity (cont.)Exam
Page 21 and 22: Solid-Phase AlkalinityExamples:Abso
Page 23 and 24: Sulfite OxidationDepends On:• Rat
Page 25 and 26: What is Present in the Liquid Phase
Page 27 and 28: Q: Will Gypsum (CaSO 4.2H 2 O)Preci
Page 29 and 30: Factors that Determine Type of Gyps
Page 31 and 32: Gypsum Crystal: Triclinic System(No
Page 33 and 34: FGD Gypsum Solids From Different Pr
Page 35 and 36: Performance Variables That RequireC
Page 37 and 38: SO 2 Removal Efficiency (cont.)Key
Page 39 and 40: Causes of ScalingKey Factors• Oxi
Page 41 and 42: pH / Utilization / SO 2 RemovalRela
Page 43 and 44: Explanation of Effect of Slurry Den
Page 45 and 46: Effect of Dissolved CalciumConcentr
Page 47 and 48: Effect of Soluble Aluminum onLimest
Page 49 and 50: Effect of Limestone Grind(Different
Page 51 and 52: Chemical Process Problems -How To I
Page 53 and 54: Scaling and Solids BuildupCommon ar
Page 55 and 56: Causes of Scaling in FGD SystemsHig
Page 57 and 58: Causes of Scaling in FGD SystemsWet
Page 59 and 60: Mist Eliminator Pluggage• Chemica
Page 61 and 62:
Considerations For ME Wash System
Page 63 and 64:
Limestone Blinding• In forced oxi
Page 65 and 66:
Poor SO 2 Removal as Result ofMecha
Page 67 and 68:
Poor Gypsum Byproduct Quality• Hi
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Scrubber Chemistry - Wpca.info

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