Exolit

Pigments & Additives Division
Specialties Business
Exolit ® for Polyurethane
Application areas for Exolit grades
Exactly your chemistry.

Exolit for Polyurethane
Contents
Exolit for polyurethane 2
Flame retardants for polyurethane 4
Flexible polyether foam
(slabstock and molded foam) 6
Flexible polyester foam
(slabstock foams) 8
Rigid PU foam 10
Rigid PIR foam 12
Integral skin foam 13
Cast resins 14
2
> Application areas for Exolit grades

Exolit for polyurethane
With its Exolit grades the Pigments
& Additives Division offers an extensive
range of flame retardants for
polyurethane on a non-halogen basis.
The Exolit grades exhibit following
characteristics:
Exolit in the case of fire
Low smoke gas corrosivity
> Reduced damage of installations
and buildings
Low smoke density
> Extended escape time
Exolit-compatibility
Highly effective, low dosage,
high polymer compatibility
> Only slight influence on mechanical
properties
Excellent incorporation into matrix
> No migration
Good recyclability of FR-Polyurethanes
> Meet current and future consumer
recycling requirements
Exolit-in final product
Excellent ageing stability
> Low dosage, no migration, high
quality during life cycle
Attractive price/performance ratio
> Competitive systems
Optimal emission behaviour
> Minimization of the exposition risk
of volatile organic compounds (VOC)
Because of these properties Exolit
flame retardants contribute to meeting
the customer requirement regarding
environmental impact and image.
Polyurethane systems which incorporate
Exolit flame retardants can obtain
the most demanding fire tests, whilst
retaining good mechanical properties.
These features allow the materials to
be used in new and demanding fields
of application.
3

Flame retardants for polyurethane
Under the brand name Exolit, Clariant
supplies non-halogenated environmentally
friendly flame retardants with
an assured future in polyurethane
applications.
Application area Test Description Classification
* = Federal motor vehicle safety standard
4
Their advantage lies in their effectiveness,
which enables very low concentrations
to be used, while at the
same time meeting the most stringent
requirements. In the event of fire
involving Exolit-containing systems,
a reduction in smoke density is apparent.
Since no halogen-containing flame
retardants are required, no corrosive
gases such as HCl or HBr are released.
These properties are of great importance
in modern vehicle manufacture.
Automotive FMVSS 302* Flammability SE > SE/NBR > SE/B > B
California Techn. Bulletin 117 Fire resistance
PBT VWT 709 VOC Emission Value
DIN 75201 Fogging characteristics Value
Construction DIN 4102 (Germany) Chimney test B1 > B2
NF P 92-501 (France) Epiradiateur M1 > M2 > M3
Electrical & UL 94 (International) Burning time after ignition V0 > V1 > V2
electronics HF1 > HF2 > HBF

Polyurethane product overview
Products Supply form Flexible polyurethane foams Rigid polyurethane foams PU
Polyether Polyester Integral PUR PIR Integral Casting/
skin skin moulding
Exolit AP 422 White powder
Exolit AP 462 White powder
Exolit AP 750 White powder
Exolit OP 550 Medium-viscosity liquid
Exolit OP 560 Medium-viscosity liquid
Exolit RP 6520 Red thixotropic dispersion
Exolit RP 6580 Red thixotropic dispersion
5

Flexible polyether foam (slabstock and molded foam)
Advantages of Exolit:
> Liquid reactive,
incorporable flame retardants
> Low migration
> Low emissions (e.g. low
fogging and VOC-values)
> High flame retardant efficiency
through product life cycle
> Only slight influence on
mechanical foam properties
> Usable in conventional production
facilities by adding directly at
the mixing head
> Good performance in flame
laminating processing (low smoke
emission, good adhesion)
> In the case of fire,
low smoke gas corrosiveness
6
(mg)
16
12
8
4
0
TCPP 1) TDCPP 2) Cl-
Diphosphate
3)
Exolit
OP 550
Figure 2: DIN 75201: Fogging condensates of flexible polyether foams
containing 7.5 php flame retardant.
1) = Tris(chloroisopropyl)phosphate
2) = Tris(dichloroisopropyl)phosphate
3) = Tetrakis(2-Chloroethyl)dichloroisopentyldiphosphate
Exolit
OP 560
1mg
(php)
20
15
10
5
0
22.5 25.0 27.5 30.0 32.5 35.0
Foam Density (kg/m 3 )
Figure 1: MVSS 302: Minimum FR levels to achieve class SE of flexible polyether
foams at different foam densities.
(ppm)
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Cl-
Diphosphate
3)
Exolit OP 550 TDCPP 2)
Exolit
OP 550
Exolit
OP 560
Figure 3: VOC-Emissions of flexible polyether foams containing 6 php flame retardant,
head space examination (5 h / 120 °C).

Products
Exolit OP 550 Liquid, medium viscosity, reactive phosphorus polyol (functionality approx. 2)
Exolit OP 560 Liquid, medium viscosity, reactive phosphorus polyol (functionality approx. 2)
Application area Classification Addition rate
Automotive FMVSS 302 2-10 parts of Exolit OP 550 or
Class SE OP 560/100 parts polyol
DIN 75201 2-10 parts of Exolit OP 550 or
(Fogging-test G) with

Flexible polyester foam (slabstock foams)
Advantages of Exolit:
> No emissions
(e.g. low fogging and VOC-values)
> Solid easily dispersible in polyol
(Exolit AP)
> Usable in conventional production
facilities by adding directly into the
mixing head (Exolit OP)
Products
> Highly effective
> Only slight influence on
mechanical properties
> No contribution to corrosive
gases in the case of fire
> Reduced foam dripping
in the case of fire (Exolit AP)
Exolit AP 422 White powder D50 15 µm, standard product
Exolit AP 462 White powder D50 20 µm, microencapsulated for moisture sensitive applications
Exolit OP 560 Liquid, medium viscosity, reactive phosphorus polyol (functionality approx. 2)
Application area Classification Addition rate
Construction DIN 4102 8-10 parts Exolit AP 422 in combination
Class B2 with 8-10 parts Exolit OP 560 /
100 parts polyol
Automotive FMVSS 302 5-10 parts Exolit AP 422 or 2-10 parts
Class SE Exolit OP 560/100 parts polyol
DIN 75201 G (no fogging) 5-10 parts Exolit AP 422/100 parts polyol
DIN 75201 G < 1 mg 2-10 parts Exolit OP 560/100 parts polyol
PBT VWT 709
no VOC or FOG contribution
5-10 parts Exolit AP 422/100 parts polyol
Electrical UL 94 10-20 parts Exolit AP 422/
Class HF1 100 parts polyol
The addition rate to achieve a specific fire classification depends heavily on the polyol, blowing agent and foam density.
8

(ppm)
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
TDCPP 1)*
(8 php)
Exolit OP 560
(4 php)
Figure 4: PBT VWT 709: Emission behaviour of flexible polyester foams
in fire classification SE (FMVSS 302).
1) = Tris(dichloroisopropyl)phosphate
* = Federal motor vehicle safety standard
Exolit AP 422
(9 php)
VOC FOG
no FR
9

Rigid PU foam
Advantages of Exolit AP:
> Enables non-halogenated,
pentane based DIN 4102 B2
formulations
> Easily dispersible in polyols
> Perfectly incorporated
> No migration, no emissions
> Only slight influence on
mechanical foam properties
> Reduced smoke values
10
(DS) Flaming conditions
250
200
150
100
50
0
1 2 3 4 5 6
Time [min]
halogenated FR Exolit AP 422 no FR
CO HCI HCN
Advantages of Exolit RP:
> Highly efficient
> Meet high requirements
halogenated FR
no Fr
Exolit AP 422
Figure 5: NBS Smoke chamber (ASTM-E 662): Specific optical smoke densities of burning rigid, n-pentane based DIN 4102 B2 foams
(ppm) Smoke gas analysis
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Figure 6: NBS Smoke chamber (ASTM-E 662): Combustion gas analysis of burning rigid,
n-pentane based DIN 4102 B2 foams (flaming conditions)
(DS) Smoldering conditions
100
80
60
40
20
0
Advantages of Exolit OP:
> Liquid, reactive (graftable)
phosphorus polyol
> Compatible with conventional
production equipment by adding
directly into the mixing head
halogenated FR
1 2 3 4 5 6
Time [min]
no Fr
Exolit AP 422

Products
Exolit AP 422 White powder D 50 15 µm, standard product
Exolit AP 462 White powder D 50 20 µm, microencapsulated for moisture sensitive applications
Exolit OP 550 Liquid, medium viscosity, reactive phosphorus polyol (functionality approx. 2)
Exolit OP 560 Liquid, medium viscosity, reactive phosphorus polyol (functionality approx. 2)
Exolit RP 6520 Red thixotropic dispersion of highly stabilized red phosphorus, carrier: castor oil
Exolit RP 6580* Red thixotropic dispersion of highly stabilized red phosphorus, carrier: TCPP
Application area Classification Addition rate
Construction DIN 4102 15-50 parts of Exolit AP 422
Class B2 or AP 462/100 parts of polyol
(depending on the polyols and
blowing agents used)
DIN 4102 15-30 parts of Exolit OP 550
Class B2 or OP 560/100 Parts of polyol
(depending on the polyols and
blowing agents used)
DIN 4102 10-30 parts of Exolit RP 6520
Class B2 or RP 6580/100 parts of polyol
(additional parts of TCPP are
depending on the systems used)
The addition rate to achieve a specific fire classification depends heavily on the polyol, blowing agent and foam density.
* = Contains halogen
11

Rigid PIR foam
Advantages of Exolit AP:
> Easily dispersable in polyols
> Perfectly incorporated
> No migration, no emissions
> Only slight influence on
mechanical foam properties
> Reduced smoke values
Products
12
Advantages of Exolit RP:
> Highly efficient
> Meets high requirements
(e.g. DIN 4102 B1)
Exolit AP 422 White powder D50 15 µm, standard product
Exolit AP 462 White powder D50 20 µm, microencapsulated for moisture sensitive applications
Exolit RP 6580 Red thixotropic dispersion of highly stabilized red phosphorus, carrier: TCPP
Application area Classification Addition rate
Construction DIN 4102 5-10 parts Exolit AP 422 /
Class B2 100 parts polyol (blowing agent
pentane, NCO index 250, combined
with other non-halogenated liquid
flame retardants)
Class B1 15 parts Exolit RP 6580/100 parts
polyol (blowing agent R 141b,
high NCO index combined with
additional TCPP)
NF P 92-501 10-15 parts Exolit RP 6580/100 parts
Class M1 polyol (blowing agent R 141b,
high NCO index combined with
additional TCPP)
The addition rate to achieve a specific fire classification depends heavily on the polyol, blowing agent and foam density.

Integral skin foam
Advantages of the Exolit AP:
> Fine cell foam structure
> Solid material,
easily dispersible in polyol
> No migration
> Highly effective
> No influence on mechanical
properties
Products
> No plasticizing effects
> Low smoke gas corrosivity in
the case of fire
> No influence on foam recycling
(e.g. on glycolisis)
Exolit AP 422 White powder D50 15 µm, standard product
Exolit AP 462 White powder D50 20 µm, microencapsulated for moisture sensitive applications
Exolit AP 750 White powder, intumescent flame retardant system based on Exolit AP 422
Exolit RP 6520 Red thixotropic dispersion of highly stabilised red phosphorus, carrier: castor oil
Application area Classification Addition rate
Construction DIN 4102 10-15 parts Exolit AP 422 /
Class B2 100 parts polyol,
rigid integral skin foam
Electrical UL 94 10-15 parts Exolit AP 422 /
Class 5V 100 parts polyol,
rigid integral skin foam
The extremely demanding requirements of railway and aircraft standards (e.g. DIN 5510, ABD 031)
can be achieved with these highly effective flame retardants in special developed rigid and flexible
integral skin formulations
The addition rate to achieve a specific fire classification depends heavily on the polyol, blowing agent and foam density.
13

Cast resins
Advantages of the systems:
> Low smoke gas corrosiveness
in the case of fire
> Low filler content
> Low processing viscosity and
good flow properties
> Exolit RP 6520 does not affect the
electrical properties
14
(php) UL 94 V-0 (1.6 mm)
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
ATH ATH + AP 422 ATH + RP 6520
ATH Exolit AP 422 Exolit RP 6520
Figure 7: Flame retardant concentrations in cast resins: Exolit combined with ATH
compared to pure ATH (aluminia trihydrate)

Products
Exolit AP 422 White powder D 50 15 µm, standard product
Exolit AP 462 White powder D 50 20 µm, microencapsulated for moisture sensitive applications
Exolit RP 6520 Red thixotropic dispersion of highly stabilized red phosphorus, carrier: castor oil
Application area Classification Addition rate
Electrical UL 94 10-15 parts Exolit AP 422 /
Class V-1, 1.6 mm 100 parts polyol
Class V-0, 1.6 mm 20-30 parts Exolit AP 422 combined
with 70-120 parts ATH
Class V-0, 1.6 mm 15-25 parts Exolit RP 6520 combined
with 50-100 parts ATH /100 parts polyol
Transportation DIN 5510 25-35 parts Exolit AP 422 combined
Class S4 SR2 ST2 with 20 parts Exolit RP 6520
and 100 parts ATH
The addition rate to achieve a specific fire classification depends heavily on the polyol, blowing agent and foam density.
15

Please note
This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide
general notes on our products and their uses. It should not therefore be construed
as guaranteeing specific properties of the products described or their suitability for
a particular application. Any existing industrial property rights must be observed.
The quality of our products is guaranteed under our General Conditions of Sale.
® = Trademark of Clariant registered in numerous countries
Edition: June 2007
www.pa.clariant.com
www.exolit.com
Clariant International Ltd.
Pigments & Additives Division
Marketing Specialties Business
Rothausstrasse 61
4132 Muttenz
Switzerland
Phone: +41- 61- 469-7974
Fax: +41- 61- 469-7555
Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH
Pigments & Additives Division
Marketing Flame Retardants
65926 Frankfurt am Main
Germany
Phone: +49-69 -305-18429
Fax: +49-69 -305-17188
Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH
Pigments & Additives Division
R&D Flame Retardants
Application Technology
50351 Hürth-Knapsack
Germany
Phone: +49- 22 33- 48-6512
Fax: +49- 22 33- 412 36
Exactly your chemistry.
DA 4004 E_06/07