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INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRYin conjunction withINTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTECHEMISTRY AND WORLD FOOD SUPPLIES:THE NEW FRONTIERSCHEMRAWN IIInvited Papers Presented at the International Conference onChemistry and World Food Supplies, Manila, Philippines, 6 – 10 December 1982Edited byL.W. SHEMILTMcMaster UniversityHamilton, Ontario, CanadaPERGAMON PRESSOXFORD • NEW YORK • TORONTO • SYDNEY • PARIS • FRANKFURT
U.KU.S.A.CANADAAUSTRALIAFRANCEFEDERAL REPUBLICOF GERMANYPergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall,Oxford OX3 0BW, EnglandPergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park,Elmsford, New York 10523, U.S.A.Pergamon Press Canada Ltd., Suite 104150 Consumers Rd., Willowdale, Ontario M2J 1P9, CanadaPergamon Press (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., P.O. Box 544,Potts Point, N.S.W. 2011, AustraliaPergamon Press SARL, 24 rue des Ecoles,75240 Pans, Cedex 05, FrancePergamon Press GmbH, 6242 Kronberg-Taunus,Hammerweg 6, Federal Republic of GermanyCopyright © 1983 International Union of Pure andApplied ChemistryAll Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may bereproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in anyform or by any means: electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape,mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permissionin writing from the copyright holders.First edition 1983Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication DataInternational Conference on Chemistry and World FoodSupplies (1982: Manila, Philippines) Chemistry andworld food supplies.(IUPAC symposium series)1. Agricultural chemistry – Congresses. 2. Food industryand trade – Congresses. I. Shemilt, L.W. II. InternationalUnion of Pure and Applied Chemistry. III. InternationalRice Research Institute, IV. Title. V. Series.S583.2.I57 1982 630'.2'4 83-8218ISBN 0-08-029243-7ISBN 0-08-029242-9 (soft)British Library Cataloguing in Publication DataInternational Conference on Chemistry and World FoodSupplies ( 1982: Manila )Chemistry and world food supplies – (IUPACsymposium series)1. Agricultural chemistry – Congresses. I. Title. II Shemilt,L.W. III. International Union of Pure and AppliedChemistry. IV. International Rice Research Institute.V. Series.540'.2463 S 584ISBN 0-08-029243-7ISBN 0-08-029242-9 PbkIn order to make this volume available as economically and asrapidly as possible the authors' typescripts have been reproducedin their original forms. This method unfortunately has itstypographical limitations but it is hoped that they in no waydistract the reader.
Page 2 and 3: CHEMISTRY AND WORLD FOOD SUPPLIES:T
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTSOrganizing CommitteePreface
Page 8 and 9: viiAmino Acid Production and Use to
Page 10: CHEMRAWN II COMMITTEEGeneral Chairm
Page 13 and 14: xii- Second, to strengthen scientif
Page 15: xivACKNOWLEDGEMENTSIn addition to t
Page 18 and 19: CONTRIBUTIONS OF CHEMISTRY TO REMOV
Page 20 and 21: REMOVING SOIL CONSTRAINTS TO CROP P
Page 38 and 39: DEVELOPING MORE EFFICIENT FERTILIZE
Page 50: DEVELOPING MORE EFFICIENT FERTILIZE
Page 53 and 54: 36 J. BruinsmaUnlike animals, plant
Page 55 and 56:
38 J. Bruinsmaexerts its effect thr
Page 57 and 58:
40 J. BruinsmaFigure 3.Figure 4: Ef
Page 59 and 60:
42 J. Bruinsmaso that more ears per
Page 61 and 62:
44 J. Bruinsmawatercore. In combina
Page 64 and 65:
IMPROVING THE PRODUCTIVITY OFPROBLE
Page 66 and 67:
IMPROVING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF PROBL
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72:
Page 75 and 76:
58 K. Lal, A.S.R. Juo and B.T. Kang
Page 77 and 78:
60 R. Lal, A. S.R. Juo and B.T. Kan
Page 79 and 80:
62 R. Lal, A.S.R. Juo and B.T. Kang
Page 81 and 82:
64 R. Lal, A.S.K. Juo and B.T. Kang
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 96 and 97:
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN CHEMICAL CONTRO
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Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
CHEMICAL TECHNIQUES FOR MONITORING
Page 108 and 109:
POLLUTION OF SOIL AND WATER RESOURC
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112:
Page 115 and 116:
98 J.C. Daviesconsumption. By 2000
Page 117 and 118:
100 J.C. DaviesTable 2: Yields of S
Page 119 and 120:
102 J.C. DaviesTOWARDS AN INTEGRATE
Page 121 and 122:
104 J.C. Daviesboth of comprehensio
Page 123 and 124:
106 J.C. Daviesit is vital that the
Page 126 and 127:
PRINCIPAL DISEASES OF FOOD CROPSG.
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PRINCIPAL DISEASES OF FOOD CROPS 11
Page 130 and 131:
PRINCIPAL DISEASES OF FOOD CROPS113
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Page 134 and 135:
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Page 140 and 141:
INTERACTION AMONG PESTS, DISEASES A
Page 142 and 143:
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Page 147 and 148:
130 M.D. Pathak and D. Daleare prov
Page 149 and 150:
132 M.D. Pathnk and D. DaleTable 2:
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134 M.D. Pathak and D. Dale(Pal et
Page 153 and 154:
136 M.D. Pathak and D. Daleresistan
Page 155 and 156:
138 M.D. Pathak and D. Dalesignific
Page 157 and 158:
140 M.D. Pathak and D. BileKlun, J.
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14 2 M.D. Pathak and D. Dalebicolor
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144 R.C. Saxenaspecific, nontoxic t
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146 R . C. Saxenaeating caterpi lla
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148 R.C. SaxenaFigure 2: Selected e
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150 R.C. SaxenaTable 1: Selected Ex
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152 R.C. Saxenastandardize commerci
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154 K. C. Saxenaconcept evoked cons
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156 R.C. Saxenaprecocenes induced i
Page 175 and 176:
158 R . C. SaxenaBreeden, G.C., E.C
Page 177 and 178:
160 R.C. SaxenaMian, L.S. and M.S.
Page 180 and 181:
PHEROMONES AND OTHER RECENT DEVELOP
Page 182 and 183:
BIOCHEMICAL PEST MANAGEMENT 165many
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BIOCHEMICAL PEST MANAGEMENT 167Tabl
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BIOCHEMICAL PEST MANAGEMENT 169asse
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BIOCHEMICAL PEST MANAGEMENT 171Hayn
Page 191 and 192:
174 I.N. OkaTable 1. Foodgrain cons
Page 193 and 194:
TABLE 2 Levels of Resistance to Imp
Page 195 and 196:
178 I.N. Okadecomposing the plant r
Page 197 and 198:
180 I.N. Okatanulus, Casnodea inter
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182 I.N. OkaPhilippines in the Masa
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184 I.N. OkaJohn, V.T., K.C. Long a
Page 203 and 204:
186 D. Pimenteldeveloping nations,
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188 D. Pimentelhumans. However, no
Page 207 and 208:
190 D. Pimenteld. Bioconcentration
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192 D. Pimentelaircraft. This metho
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194 D. Pimentelnutrients necessary
Page 213 and 214:
196 D. PimentelJ. Behavioral and Ho
Page 215 and 216:
198 D. PimentelFalcon, L.A. (1978).
Page 217 and 218:
200 D. PimentelPimentel, D. (1961c)
Page 220 and 221:
NITROGEN SOURCES AND ROUGHAGEIN RUM
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NITROGEN SOURCES AND ROUGHAGE IN RU
Page 224 and 225:
NITROGEN SOURCES ANU ROUGHAGE IN RU
Page 226 and 227:
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NITROGEN SOURCES AND ROUWAGE IN RUM
Page 232 and 233:
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222 T.R. PrestonInterval between ha
Page 241 and 242:
224T.R. Prestonperformance.Figure 2
Page 243 and 244:
226 T.R. PrestonTable 6 : Forage Fr
Page 245 and 246:
228 T.R. Prestontechnology has most
Page 247 and 248:
230 T.R. Prestonsupplementing with
Page 249 and 250:
232 T.R. PrestonTable 11: Zebu Bull
Page 251 and 252:
234 T.R. Prestonin this paper, sinc
Page 253 and 254:
236 T.R. PrestonAnim. Prod. 1:150-1
Page 255 and 256:
238E. ZimmerFigure 1contribute subs
Page 257 and 258:
240E. ZimmerFigure 2feeding to that
Page 259 and 260:
242 E. Zimmerecology, some addition
Page 261 and 262:
244 E. ZimmerMoist Hay, Fighting Ag
Page 263 and 264:
246 E. ZimmerCONCLUSIONSConservatio
Page 266 and 267:
RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN FEED ADDITIVE
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Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
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Page 287 and 288:
270 A. AumaitreFIGURE 1 : IMPORTANC
Page 289 and 290:
272 A. AumaitreControl of Pregnancy
Page 291 and 292:
274 A. Aumaitreto 36 and 40-42 g cr
Page 293 and 294:
276 A. AumaitreThese fats should be
Page 295 and 296:
278 A. AumaitreNutritional Balance
Page 297 and 298:
280 A. Aumaitrerelations appears wh
Page 299 and 300:
282 A. AumaitrePion, R. and Fauconn
Page 301 and 302:
284 R.D. Guerrero IIIimportant is t
Page 303 and 304:
286 R.D. Guerrero IIIIn Singapore.
Page 305 and 306:
288 R.D. Guerrero IIIHoltz, W., S.
Page 308 and 309:
CHEMISTRY IN THE CONTROL OF RUMINAN
Page 310 and 311:
CHEMISTRY IN THE CONTROL OF DISEASE
Page 312 and 313:
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320 and 321:
Page 322 and 323:
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Page 327 and 328:
310 A.R. Graytrypanosomes which aff
Page 329 and 330:
312 A.R. Grayof the environment (FA
Page 331 and 332:
314 A.R. Grayprotein are particular
Page 333 and 334:
316 A.R. GrayInternational Centre o
Page 336 and 337:
SYNTHETIC FOODS: TECHNICAL, CULTURA
Page 338 and 339:
Page 340 and 341:
Page 342 and 343:
Page 344 and 345:
Page 346 and 347:
NEW PROTEIN SOURCES OF FOOD AND FEE
Page 348 and 349:
Page 350 and 351:
Page 352:
Page 355 and 356:
338 A. Rutkowskifeeding potential d
Page 357 and 358:
340 A. Rutkowskimany years in Europ
Page 359 and 360:
34 2 A. Rutkowskiexample, while pre
Page 361 and 362:
344 A. RutkowskiWASTE CONVERSION BY
Page 363 and 364:
346 A. Kutkowskieconomically compet
Page 365 and 366:
348 A. RutkowskiKapsiotis, G. D. (1
Page 367 and 368:
350 K. Rajalakshmias in plants and
Page 369 and 370:
352 K. Rajalakshmiby the two differ
Page 371 and 372:
354 R. Rajalakshmionly among the po
Page 373 and 374:
356 R. Rajalakshmiproportions of wh
Page 375 and 376:
358 R. KajalakshmiPilson, M.E.Q. an
Page 377 and 378:
360 J. MoolayilINTRODUCTIONFats are
Page 379 and 380:
362 J. Moolayilthe last 10 years. (
Page 381 and 382:
364 J. MoolayilMAJOR FAT SOURCES OF
Page 383 and 384:
366 J. Moolayilflower has become po
Page 385 and 386:
368 J. Moolayilbound to happen, esp
Page 387 and 388:
370 J. Moolayilfollowing examples:
Page 390 and 391:
RUMEN-PROTECTED AMINO ACIDSHeribert
Page 392 and 393:
RUMEN-PROTECTED AMINO ACIDS 375The
Page 394 and 395:
RUMEN-PROTECTED AMINO ACIDS 377used
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RUMEN-PROTECTED AMINO ACIDS 379meth
Page 398:
RUMEN-PROTECTED AMINO ACIDS 381Ferg
Page 401 and 402:
384 S. AraiEvery protein originates
Page 403 and 404:
386 S. AraiFig. 2:Pictures of a Spi
Page 405 and 406:
388 S. Araiproduct as a methionine
Page 407 and 408:
390 S. AraiArai, S. (1980). In "Che
Page 410 and 411:
EXPANDING AND IMPROVING THE FOOD SU
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414:
Page 417 and 418:
400 J . Solms and M. Baclunannand b
Page 419 and 420:
402 J. Solms and M. BachmannRecent
Page 421 and 422:
404 J. Solms and M. Bachmannlike Sw
Page 423 and 424:
406 J. Solms and M. BachmannSTORAGE
Page 425 and 426:
408 J. Solms and M. BachmannFig. 1:
Page 427 and 428:
410 J. Solms and M. BachmannSlater,
Page 429 and 430:
412 T. Børresen and T. Strømdeman
Page 431 and 432:
414 T. Børresen and T. Strømsatis
Page 433 and 434:
416 T. Børresen and T. Stø r mFER
Page 435 and 436:
418 T. Børresen and T. StrømFA0 (
Page 438 and 439:
PROGRESS IN PRESERVATION OF FOODTHR
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PROGRESS IN PRESERVATION OF FOOD TH
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Page 444 and 445:
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Page 452:
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438 T. AkashiPRESENT APPLICATIONS O
Page 457 and 458:
440 T. Akashia healthy diet. Amino
Page 459 and 460:
44 2 T. AkashiRecombinant DNA and o
Page 461 and 462:
444 R. Liu, Y. Xiong and C. Wangtem
Page 463 and 464:
446 R. Liu, Y. Xiong and C. WangTab
Page 465 and 466:
44 8 K. Liu, Y. Xiong and C. WangTa
Page 467 and 468:
450 R. Liu, Y. Xiong and C. Wangatm
Page 469 and 470:
452 R. Liu, Y. Xiong and C. WangGra
Page 471 and 472:
454 I.E. LienerINACTIVATION OF PROT
Page 473 and 474:
456 I.E. LienerTHE EFFECT OF BLACK
Page 475 and 476:
458 I.E. LienerHCN. Ikediobe and Or
Page 477 and 478:
460 I.E. LienerIt is the production
Page 479 and 480:
462 I.E. LienerBitar, K. and J.G. R
Page 482 and 483:
WATER ACTIVITY AND INTERMEDIATE MOI
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Page 486 and 487:
Page 488 and 489:
Page 490 and 491:
Page 492:
Page 495 and 496:
478 P. Roesslerfoodstuffs, cannot b
Page 497 and 498:
480 P. Roesslerequipment manufactur
Page 500 and 501:
OVERVIEW OF ASSESSMENT AND CONTROLR
Page 502 and 503:
OVERVIEW OF ASSESSMENT AND CONTROL
Page 504 and 505:
Page 506 and 507:
Page 508 and 509:
EFFECTS ON NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
Page 510 and 511:
Page 512 and 513:
Page 514 and 515:
EFFECTS ON NUIRITIONAL QUALITY OF F
Page 516 and 517:
Page 518 and 519:
Page 520:
Page 523 and 524:
506 H.B.S. Conachermany instances w
Page 525 and 526:
508 H. B.S . Conachercan be observe
Page 527 and 528:
510 H.B.S. ConacherTable 3: Typical
Page 529 and 530:
512 H. B. S. Conacherthere is compe
Page 531 and 532:
514 H.B.S. ConacherOchratoxins, Ste
Page 533 and 534:
516 B.O. Julianonutrient content, o
Page 535 and 536:
518 B.O. Julianotryptophan color is
Page 537 and 538:
520 B.O. Juliano(Perez et al., 1973
Page 539 and 540:
522 B.O. Julianospectrophotmetry (N
Page 541 and 542:
524 B.O. JulianoJuliano, B.O., C.M.
Page 544 and 545:
MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF RAW MATERI
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Page 548 and 549:
Page 550 and 551:
Page 552:
Page 555 and 556:
538 A.E. Renderfree diet to deplete
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540 A.E. BenderVitamin EVitamin E p
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542 A. E. BenderEnergyMost of the p
Page 561 and 562:
544 A.E. BenderSUBSTANCES THAT INTE
Page 563 and 564:
546 A.E. BenderAshley, D. and E. He
Page 565 and 566:
548 W. Baltespolitical bodies and n
Page 567 and 568:
550 W. Baltesone should consider a
Page 570 and 571:
OVERVIEW OF THE POTENTIAL AND PROSP
Page 572 and 573:
POTENTIAL & PROSPECTS IN GENETIC EN
Page 574 and 575:
Page 576 and 577:
Page 578 and 579:
Page 580 and 581:
APPLICATIONS OF GENETIC ENGINEERING
Page 582 and 583:
Page 584 and 585:
Page 586 and 587:
THE APPLICATION OF WIDE CROSSES TO
Page 588 and 589:
Page 590 and 591:
Page 592 and 593:
Page 594 and 595:
IMPROVED CONVENTIONAL STRATEGIES AN
Page 596 and 597:
STRATEGIES & METHODS FOR SELECTION/
Page 598 and 599:
Page 600 and 601:
Page 602 and 603:
CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, GENETIC, BIOL
Page 604 and 605:
IMPROVED OR ALTERNATE TECHNOLOGIES
Page 606 and 607:
Page 608 and 609:
Page 610 and 611:
Page 612 and 613:
Page 614 and 615:
Page 616:
Page 619 and 620:
602 L.G. Nickellmore sugar, more pr
Page 621 and 622:
604 L.G. Nickellthe ability of gibb
Page 623 and 624:
606 L.G. NickellNickell, L.G. (1928
Page 625 and 626:
608 O.J.Crocomo and N. Ochoa-Alejom
Page 627 and 628:
610 O.J.Crocomo and N. Ochoa-Alejoo
Page 629 and 630:
612 O.J.Crocomo and N. Ochoa-Alejos
Page 631 and 632:
614 O.J.Crocomo and N. Ochoa-Alejot
Page 633 and 634:
616 O.J.Crocomo and N. Ochoa-Alejoi
Page 635 and 636:
618 O.J.Crocomo and N. Ochoa-AlejoM
Page 638 and 639:
PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY AND PARTITI
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Page 642 and 643:
Page 644 and 645:
Page 646 and 647:
Page 648:
Page 651 and 652:
634 V.W. Haysquestion what remains
Page 653 and 654:
636 V.W. HaysTable 2.Conception Rat
Page 655 and 656:
638 V.W. Haysuse of bovine growth h
Page 657 and 658:
640 V.W. Haysproduction levels as h
Page 659 and 660:
642 V.W. HaysHays, V.W., R.L. Bard,
Page 661 and 662:
644 H. Geissbuhler et albiologist b
Page 663 and 664:
646 H. Geissbuhler et alThe scheme
Page 665 and 666:
648 H. Geissbuhler et altechnical r
Page 667 and 668:
650 H. Geissbuhler et alrapidly ove
Page 669 and 670:
652 H. Geissbuhler et albut which a
Page 671 and 672:
654 H. Geissbuhler et alacquisition
Page 673 and 674:
656 H. Geissbuhler et alMenn, J.J.,
Page 676 and 677:
Subject Indexacid preservationacid
Page 678 and 679:
fish, breedingculturemincednutritio
Page 680 and 681:
663processingfatsfishheatproducer g
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