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Naval Weapons PrinciplesUnderlying Physics of Today’s Sensor and WeaponsCourse # D211SummaryThis four-day course is designed for students that have acollege level knowledge of mathematics and basic physics togain the “big picture” as related to basic sensor and weaponstheory. As in all disciplines knowing the vocabulary isfundamental for further exploration, this course strives toprovide the physical explanation behind the vocabulary suchthat students have a working vernacular of naval weapons.This course is a fundamental course and is not designed forexperts in the Navy's combat systems.InstructorCraig Payne is currently a principal investigator at the JohnsHopkins Applied Physics Laboratory. His expertise in the“detect to engage” process with emphasis in sensor systems,(sonar, radar and electro-optics), development of fire controlsolutions for systems, guidance methods, fuzing techniques,and weapon effects on targets. He is a retired U.S. NavalOfficer from the Surface Warfare community and hasextensive experience naval operations. As a Master Instructorat the U. S. Naval Academy he designed, taught and literallywrote the book for the course called Principles of NavalWeapons. This course is provided to all U.S. Naval AcademyMidshipmen, 62 colleges and Universities that offer theNROTC program and taught abroad at various nationalservice schools.Dr. Menachem Levitas received his BS, maxima cum laude,from the University of Portland and his Ph.D.from the University of Virginia in 1975, bothin physics. He has forty two years experiencein science and engineering, thirty four ofwhich in radar systems analysis, design,development, and testing for the Navy, AirForce, Marine Corps, and FAA. Hisexperience encompasses many groundbased, shipboard, and airborne radar systems. He has beentechnical lead on many radar efforts including Governmentsource selection teams. He is the author of multiple radarbased innovations and is a recipient of the Aegis ExcellenceAward for his contribution toward the AN/SPY-1 high rangeresolution (HRR) development. For many years, prior to hisretirement in 2011, he had been the chief scientist ofTechnology Service Corporation / Washington. He continuesto provide radar technical support under consultingagreements.What You Will LearnScientific and engineering principles behind systemssuch as radar, sonar, electro-optics, guidance systems,explosives and ballistics. Specifically:• Analyze weapon systems in their environment, examiningelements of the “detect to engage sequence” from sensingto target damage mechanisms.• Apply the concept of energy propagation and interactionfrom source to distant objects via various media for detectionor destruction.• Evaluate the factors that affect a weapon system’s sensorresolution and signal-to-noise ratio. Including thecharacteristics of a multiple element system and/or array.• Knowledge to make reasonable assumptions and formulatefirst-order approximations of weapons systems’performance.• Asses the design and operational tradeoffs on weaponsystems’ performance from a high level.From this course you will obtain the knowledge andability to perform basic sensor and weapon calculations,identify tradeoffs, interact meaningfully with colleagues,evaluate systems, and understand the literature.February 9-12, 2015Columbia, Maryland$2045 (8:30am - 4:00pm)Register 3 or More & Receive $100 00 EachOff The Course Tuition.Course Outline1. Introduction to Combat Systems: Discussion of combatsystem attributes2. Introduction to Radar: Fundamentals, examples, sub-systemsand issues3. The Physics of Radar: Electromagnetic radiations, frequency,transmission and reception, waveforms, PRF, minimum range, rangeresolution and bandwidth, scattering, target cross-section,reflectivities, scattering statistics, polarimetric scattering, propagationin the Earth troposphere4. Radar Theory: The radar range equation, signal and noise,detection threshold, noise in receiving systems, detection principles,measurement accuracies5. The Radar Sub-systems: Transmitter, antenna, receiver andsignal processor (Pulse Compression and Doppler filtering principles,automatic detection with adaptive detection threshold, the CFARmechanism, sidelobe blanking angle estimation), the radar controlprogram and data processor (SAR/ISAR are addressed as antennaexcursions)6. Workshop: Hands-on exercises relative to Antenna basics; andradar range analysis with and without detailed losses and the patternpropagation factor7. Electronic Attack and Electronic Protection: Noise anddeceptive jamming, and radar protection techniques8. Electronically Scanned Antennas: Fundamental concepts,directivity and gain, elements and arrays, near and far field radiation,element factor and array factor, illumination function and Fouriertransform relations, beamwidth approximations, array tapers andsidelobes, electrical dimension and errors, array bandwidth, steeringmechanisms, grating lobes, phase monopulse, beam broadening,examples9. Solid State Active Phased Arrays: What are solid state activearrays (SSAA), what advantages do they provide, emergingrequirements that call for SSAA (or AESA), SSAA issues at T/Rmodule, array, and system levels10. Radar Tracking: Functional block diagram, what is radartracking, firm track initiation and range, track update, trackmaintenance, algorithmic alternatives (association via single ormultiple hypotheses, tracking filters options), role of electronicallysteered arrays in radar tracking11. Current Challenges and Advancements: Key radarchallenges, key advances (transmitter, antenna, signal stability,digitization and digital processing, waveforms, algorithms)12. Electro-optical theory. Radiometric Quantities, StephanBotzman Law, Wein's Law.13. Electro-Optical Targets, Background and Attenuation.Lasers, Selective Radiation, Thermal Radiation Spreading,Divergence, Absorption Bands, Beers Law, Night Vision Devices.14. Infrared Range Equation. Detector Response and Sensitivity,Derivation of Simplified IR Range Equation, Example problems.15. Sound Propagation in Oceans. Thermal Structure of Ocean,Sound Velocity Profiles, Propagation Paths, Transmission Losses.16. SONAR Figure of Merit. Target Strength, Noise,Reverberation, Scattering, Detection Threshold, Directivity Index,Passive and Active Sonar Equations.17. Underwater Detection Systems. Transducers andHydrophones, Arrays, Variable Depth Sonar, Sonobuoys, BistaticSonar, Non-Acoustic Detection Systems to include Magnetic AnomalyDetection.18. Weapon Ballistics and Propulsion. Relative Motion, Interiorand Exterior Ballistics, Reference Frames and Coordinate Systems,Weapons Systems Alignment.19. Guidance: Guidance laws and logic to include pursuit, constantbearing, proportion navigation and kappa-gamma. Seeker design.20. Fuzing Principles. Fuze System Classifications, ProximityFuzes, Non-proximity Fuzes.21. Chemical Explosives. Characteristics of Military Explosives,Measurement of Chemical Explosive Reactions, Power IndexApproximation.22. Warhead Damage Predictions. Quantifying Damage, CircularError Probable, Blast Warheads, Diffraction and Drag loading ontargets, Fragmentation Warheads, Shaped Charges, Special PurposeWarheads.23. Underwater Warheads. Underwater Explosion DamageMechanisms, Torpedoes, Naval Mine Classification.Register online at www.ATIcourses.com or call ATI at 888.501.2100 or 410.956.8805 Vol. 119 – 23