The cosmological constant
The cosmological constant
The cosmological constant
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How can the universe be expanding, yetcontinue to look the same?Proposed in 1948 by Hermann Bondi, Thomas Gold, and Sir FredHoyle, the Steady-State <strong>The</strong>ory held that the universe is infiniteand expanding, and matter is continuously created with net<strong>constant</strong> density.Only a few atoms per cubic meter per century would be required,so no one would ever notice.Unfortunately, no mechanism has ever been found for mattercreation, as required by the Steady-State theory.Also, the universe should look the same at all distances, but itdoesn’t. We don’t see galaxies forming nearby. Quasars existonly a billion light-years away or more.So the universe doesn’t actually look the same as it expands.