roposal - The Center for Research and Learning - IUPUI

Date of submission: s 03/08/2011 0 

Proposed d project title e: Design Li ithium-Air Battery B 

Principal l mentor’s na ame: Young gsik Kim 

Principal l mentor’s tit tle: Assistan nt Professor r 

Department 

and Scho ool: Mechan nical Engine eering, Purddue 

School of Engineerring 

and 

Technolo ogy 

Phone nu umber: 317-2 274-9711 

E-mail: yk35@iupui 

y i.edu 

Principal l mentor’s na ame: Rongrong 

Chen 

Principal l mentor’s tit tle: Associat te Professor r 

Department 

and Scho ool: Mechan nical Technology, 

Purddue 

School oof 

Engineering 


Technolo ogy 

Phone nu umber: 317-2 274-4280 

E-mail: rochen@iup 

r pui.edu 

The proje ect will be carried 

out an nd completed d (check onlyy 

one): 

Academic 

year 

Summerr 

(Note e: The academ mic year ends May 2) (Summer runns 

June 1 – Juuly 

31) 

This is i a block gr rant project but b not carrie ed out in a cclass. 

(Note e: Block grant t projects invo olve more tha an six studentts. 

The requireement 

for incclusion 

of mulltiple 

discip plines is not as 

stringent for 

this type of proposal but, , neverthelesss, 

preference wwill 

be givenn 

to 

propo osals that inclu ude multidisc ciplinary team ms.) 

This is i a block gr rant project for f a class, designated d ass 

an IUPUI SStudent 

Multiidisciplinary 

Research Team projec ct. (Note: Block 

grant prop posals to be caarried 

out witthin 

a class reequire 

the signnature 

of the dep partment chair r. Block grant t projects involve 

more thaan 

six studentts. 

The requirrement 

for 

inclusion of multiple disciplines d is not n as stringen nt for this typpe 

of proposall; 

but neverthheless, 

prefereence 

will be giv ven to propos sals that inclu ude multidisci iplinary teamss.) 

Total num mber of stud dents request ted: 4 

(Note: Th he total numbe er of students s must exceed d by two the nnumber 

of meentors) 

Total Nu umber of fres shmen and/o or sophomore es to be recru ruited: 1 

(Note: Pre eference will be given to projects p that in nclude freshmmen 

and sophoomores) 

MURI Mentor’s 

Project Propos sal Form, Updated d: 7-5-2010 

Cov ver Pagge 

1

Disciplin nes or majors s of students s (at least two o disciplines oor 

majors): 

Mechani ical Enginee ering, Chem mistry, and Mechanical M l Engineerinng 

Technoloogy 

Skills exp pected from students: 

Chemica al Synthesis; 

Mechanical 

engineeri ing design aand 

fabricattion 

Names of o students you y request to work on this projecct. 

(Mentors s are invited to recomme end students that they woould 

prefer tto 

work on thhe 

proposed 

project. Please P provid de an email address and a rationale; for examplee, 

a student mmay 

have ann 

essential skill, may already a be wo orking on a similar projeect, 

or may bbe 

intendingg 

to apply to 

graduate school to pu ursue the sam me area of re esearch.) 

The Cent ter for Resea arch and Lea arning will consider 

the sstudents 

requ quested beloww, 

but cannoot 

guarantee e placement of specific students s on teams. t 

Name of f Student: 

2)______ __________ ___ 

3)______ __________ ___ 

4)______ __________ ___ 

*Please Note: N All stu udents must t have compl leted the Cennter 

for Ressearch 

and LLearning 

MMURI 

Applicati ion Form du ue on Septem mber 3, 2010 0 to be conssidered 

for fi financial suppport 

duringg 

AY 

2010-201 11. Once the e award winning 

MURI I projects aree 

posted (app pprox. Septemmber 

16) 

students will then be e asked to fil ll out a shor rt additional lform due onn 

Septemberr 

22 that rannks 

their proj oject choices s. 



Student’s Email: E 

_________ ______ 

_________ ______ 

_________ ______ 

Rationale: 

1)_Moon nsik Chung_ ___ chu ungmoo@im mail.iu.edu Knowledgee 

of organicc 

chemistry 

____________________ 

_______ 

____________________ 

_______ 

____________________ 

_______ 

2

The developmen nt of electric vehicles (EVs) 

and elecctrical 

energgy 

storage (EEES) 

has reqquired 

the highe er energy de ensity of the Li-ion rechargeable 

batttery 

technollogy. 

Howeever, 

their ennergy 

density is i limited be ecause the number n of Li-ions thatt 

correspondd 

to the nummber 

of eleectron 

charge ar re limited to be intercala ated in the pr resent solid ssolution 

matterials 

for annode 

and cathhode. 

The use of lithium metal m as ano ode and air as a cathode pproduces 

an extremely hhigh 

capacityy, 

ten 

times hig gher than tha at of the pres sent lithium ion battery. Although vvery 

high eneergy 

densitiees 

are 

achievable, 

there are challenges associated with w the desiign 

of a pracctical 

Li-Air cell. Emplooying 

an inorga anic solid ele ectrolyte wit th a thin and d dense mechhanical 

propperty 

is a keyy 

to the desiign 

of 

the Li-Ai ir cell. The purpose of this t project is i to design a rechargeabble 

Li-Air battery 

and teest 

its 

electroch hemical prop perties includ ding voltage, 

capacity, cyycle-life, 

annd 

rate capabbility. 

1) Obje 

T 

Li + ectives 

The first obje ective of this s research will 

be to design 

a testingg 

battery cell 

that uses a fast- 

-ion conducting c solid electro olyte. Li metal m and aair 

will be uused 

as anoode 

and cathhode, 

respectiv vely, for the cell. The an node part of f the cell, whhich 

consistss 

of Li metaal, 

should bee 

well 

designed d to protect it tself from being 

exposed 

to air and moisture diirectly. 

The second objeective 

of this re esearch will be focused on o the desig gn of the cathhode 

part off 

the cell, whhich 

is compposed 

of an aqueous a electrolyte 

for r providing Li-ion conductivity, 

carbon papper 

for eleectron 

conductiv vity, and a medium fo or the oxyg gen pathwayy. 

The finaal 

objectivee 

will be too 

test 

electroch hemical prop perties of the e constructed d Li-Air celll, 

including voltage, cappacity, 

cyclee-life, 

and rate capability. The compo onents of th he cell such as the aqueeous 

electrollyte 

and eleectron 

conducto ors will be modified to o improve th he cell propperties. 

Thhrough 

this multidiscipllinary 

research activity, stu udents will learn l the con ncepts behinnd 

Li-Air annd 

Li-ion baatteries 

incluuding 

how their r critical com mponents aff ffect their ele ectrochemicaal 

propertiess 

from both a mechanicaal 


a chemic cal point of view. v 

2) Resea arch Meth hodology 

The stated objec ctives of the e research will w be achievved 

through a number oof 

interactivee 


iterative Research Activities A (RA A), which ar re summarizzed 

as followws: 

RA-1: Design D of a la aboratory-s 

In th he first phase e of the proj 

× 1 inch, 150μm thic ck). Its chem 

its ionic conductivity c y is 10 

students will seal th 

separator r. The chal 

organic liquid l electro 

be caused d by even a 

-4 sized Li-Air cell 

ject, we will l purchase a Li 

mical compo osition is bel 

S/cm m. To protec ct the Li met 

he anode par rt consisting g of Li meta 

llenge will be b to find a suitable se 

olyte and str rong acidic or basic wat 

small leakag ge of air or water, w resulti 

+ -ion connducting 

ceraamic 

film (11 

inch 

ieved to be LLi1+x+yAlxTii2-xSiyP3-yO122, 


tal anode froom 

exposuree 

to air and wwater, 

al, an organiic 

liquid eleectrolyte, 

annd 

the 

ealing agentt 

that is stabble 

both with 

an 

ter. Seriouss 

damage to the Li metaal 

can 

ing in impropper 

data fromm 

our test ceells. 



Pr roposall 

3

+ 

Rubber 

balloon 

Current collector c 

Figure 1. Schematic di iagram of the e cell designed d for Li metall 

anode and aair 

as cathode. . 

RA-2: Test T of the electrochemi 

ical propert ties of the ceell 

The electrochem mical proper rties of the test cell designed 

in RRA-1 

will bee 

evaluated. . The 

voltage, discharge, d an nd charge ca apacities of the cell willl 

be the mainn 

focus of innvestigation. 

The 

aqueous electrolyte, current coll lector (thick kness, surfacce 

area, andd 

type of materials), 

cattalyst 

material, and other cell c compon nents will be e investigateed 

to producce 

repeatablee 

electrochemmical 

data. 

RA-3: Cell 

optimiza ation and ev valuation 

The promising cell component 

materi ials to emerrge 

from RRA-2 

will bee 

subjected to a 

thorough h characteriz zation in term ms of their more detaileed 

electrochhemical 

perfformance 

unnder 

a 

range of conditions. Electrochem mical charac cterization (inn 

terms of eenergy 

and ppower 

densityy 


long-term m cyclability y/stability) will w be made e using the mmore 

interessting 

materiaals 

which emmerge 

from RA A-2. 

3) Team m Organiz zation 

A multidisciplin 

m nary team of f undergradu uate students, 

three fromm 

mechanicall 

engineeringg 


one from m chemistry will w be assem mbled to con nduct the prooject 

under the supervission 

of the MMURI 

mentors. Two mento ors, Dr. Yo oungsik Kim m and Dr. RRongrong 

CChen 

will wwork 

closely with 

students to guide them m in their ex xpertise area as. 



Air A 

Li L 

- 

Aqueeous 

electrolytee 

Silicon rubbber 

Laminate fillm 

Solid electroolyte 

Polymer sepparator 

Organic elecctrolyte 

Polyethylenne 

O ring 

Teflon 

Stainless Steeel 

4

a) Th he principal mentor, Dr r. Youngsik Kim, will ttake 

the leaad 

in supervvising 

studennts 

to 

perform 

all st teps of the re esearch activ vities (RA) pproposed 

aboove. 

b) Th he co-mentor(s) 

will be available to o students too 

provide stuudents 

assistance 

as follows. 

Dr. D Rongrong g Chen will supervise s the e specifics oof 

RA2 and RRA3. 

c) Gr raduate stude ents (if appli icable) will train t studentts 

to __________N/A. 

d) Po ostdoctoral re esearchers (i if applicable e) will providde 

leadershipp 

to ___________N/A. 

e) Co onsultants (if f applicable) ) will provid de _________ __________NN/A. 

f) Th hree students s in mechani ical engineer ring will takke 

the leadersship 

in role iin 

RA-1 andd 

RA- 

3. 

g) On ne student in n Chemistry will take the e leadership in role in RAA-2. 

h) Stu udents majo oring in all fields f will co ollaborate inn 

discussing the experimmental 

resultts 


th he data analy ysis 

i) Stu udents majo oring in each 

separate field will prepare mmaterials 

for presentatioon 

by 

em mphasizing the specifics s of the respe ective majorr 

field. 

4) Exp pected Out tcomes 

The outcome o of this project will be the design of a rechargeabble 

battery ssystem 

to tesst 

the 

effectiven ness of air as a a cathode e and lithium m metal as an anode. IIt 

is anticipaated 

that thee 

cell 

develope ed in this pro oject will pro oduce a volta age of ~ 2.5 V and a largge 

capacity oof 

~ 5000 mAAh/g, 

which is more than te en times larg ger than the capacity of tthe 

present llithium 

ion bbattery. 

Thee 

high 

energy density d Li-Ai ir battery co ould be used d in the electtrical 

energyy 

storage forr 

next-generration 

electroch hemical devi ices. Howev ver, the com mmercializatiion 

of Li-Airr 

battery tecchnology 

reqquires 

further re esearch and developmen d nt in solid ele ectrolytes annd 

their cost and mechannical 

propertiies. 

5) Ben nefits 

We anticipate a tha at the results s of the prop posed researcch 

project wwill 

be used bby 

undergraduate 

students to learn th he chemistr ry, electroch hemistry, annd 

engineerring 

design of recharggeable 

batteries by collabor rating with an a interdisci iplinary reseearch 

group. . Further, tthey 

will become 

scientific cally productive 

by und dertaking the ese research activities. Thus, at leaast 

one scieentific 

paper wi ill be co-aut thored by th he students, and they wiill 

gain expeerience 

of RR&D 

in the “real 

world”. This will no ot only bene efit them in their future career but also motivatte 

them to aattend 

graduate school. The T success of this research 

projecct 

will provvide 

a new direction foor 

the 

ongoing Li-ion batter ry research at a the Lugar Center for RRenewable 

EEnergy 

in ouur 

university. . 



5

6) Tim me Table 

Research 

Activit ty Q1 

Purch hase items an nd 

do lit terature work ks 

Desig gn the anode e 

part of o the cell 

Desig gn the cathod de 

part of o the cell 

Test of o the cell 

voltage 


capac city 

Cell optimization 

o n 

and evaluation e 

7) Item mized Budg 

get (The max ximum budge et allowance iis 

$2,000 for eequipment 

annd/or 

suppliess 

neede ed for the rese earch team. Please P justify each e item in tthe 

budget. NNote 

that geneerally 

speakinng, 

expen nditures for co omputers and d/or travel are e not approveed 

by the revieew 

committeee 

at this time ddue 

to fina ancial constra aints.) 

Items s 

Solid electrolytes, 4 pieces (1 in nch × 1 inch) 

Teflon n 

Stainl less steel bar 

Carbo on paper 

Chem micals for elec ctrolytes 

Li me etal 

Epoxy y 

Air fa an 

Acryl lic plate 

Mech hanic shop ser rvice 

Total 

$2,000 of f the proposed d budget will be b covered fr rom MURI buudget. 

The resst 

will be covvered 

from owwn 

funds. 



Q2 

Jun 

Q3 Q Q44 

Q5 

Projeected 

Expensse 

($) 

$ 10000 

($250 per eeach) 

$ 1500 

$ 50 

$ 30 

$ 2000 

$ 2000 

$ 1000 

$ 50 

$ 30 

$ 2000 

$ 2,010 

Jully 

Q6 

Q7 

Q8 

6

8) Bibl liography 

[1] John n B. Goode 

Chem mistry of Ma 

[2] You ungsik Kim, 

“Acc cess to M 

Li-io 

[3] You 

suita 

Solid 

[4] You 

Na, 

[5] You 

Stru 

Chem 

[6] You 

prep 

(200 

[7] You 

incr 

163 

3+ enough and 

aterials, 22 ( 

Kyu-sung P 

/M / 

on Batteries, 

ungsik Kim 

able electrol 

d-State Lette 

ungsik Kim 

Ag),” Electr 

ungsik Kim, 

ucture of a 

mistry of Ma 

ungsik Kim 

pared by me 

06) 2881-288 

ungsik Kim 

rease in Li2S 

18-16325. 

2+ Youngsik Kim, K “Challlenges 

for Li Recharggeable 

Batteries,” 

(2010) 587 - 603. 

Park, Sang-h hoon Song, Jiantao Hann, 

and John B. Goodenoough, 

redox couple c in lay yered LiMS22 

sulfides (MM 

= Ti, V, CCr) 

as Anodees 

for 

,” Journal of f the Electro ochemical Soociety, 

156 (22009) 

A703-A708. 

and John B. 

Goodenou ugh, “Reinveestigation 

off 

Li1-xVyTi1-yS2 

electroddes 

in 

lytes: Highl ly improved d electrochemmical 

propeerties,” 

Elecctrochemicall 


ers, 12 (2009 9) A73-A75 

and John B. . Goodenoug gh, “Lithiumm 

Intercalatiion 

into ATi2(PS4)3 

(A = Li, 

rochemistry Communica ation, 10 (20008) 

497-501. 

, Nachiappa an Arumuga am, and Joohn 

B. Gooodenough, 

“3D Frameework 

New Lithiu um Thiopho osphate, LiTTi2(PS4)3 

ass 

Lithium IInsertion 

Hoosts,” 

aterials 20 (2 2008) 470-4 474. 

and Steve W. W Martin, “Ionic “ conduuctivities 

off 

various GeeS2-based 

gllasses 

elt-quenchin ng and mech hanical millling 

methodds,” 

Solid SState 

Ionics, , 177 

87. 

m, Jason Sai ienga, and Steve W. MMartin, 

“Annomalous 

Ioonic 

conducctivity 

S + GeS2 + GeO2 G glasses s,” Journal oof 

Physical Chemistry BB, 

110(33) (22006) 

9) Shor rt Resume 

Attached d below 

10) App pendix 

es (maximum two-page res sumes of the PPM 

and all thhe 

Co-Ms) 

Two MU URI projects have been su upervised by y Dr. Rongroong 

Chen. 

1. Project 

entitled d "Novel cat talyst for dir rect ethanol ffuel 

cells" wwas 

conducte 

Reed R (Chem/ ME/Phys) an nd Diego Qu uevedo (MEE) 

in the fall of 2006 to th 

The T students prepared cat talysts and electrodes e for 

studying ooxygen 

reduc 

fo or direct met thanol fuel cells. c The re esults were ppresented 

in tthe 

215 

Hawaii H by Michael 

Reed. . 

th ed by Michaeel 

he spring 20007. 

ction reactionns 

ECCS 

meeting aat 



7

2. Project 

entitled d “Developm ment of nove el catalytic laayers 

for dirrect 

ethanol ffuel 

cells” wwas 

co onducted by Alan Bened dict (ME), Michael M Reedd 

(ME/Physiics) 

during thhe 

spring 20006. 

The T students established reliable r char racterizationn 

methods to characterizee 

electrocataalytic 

ac ctivities of catalysts c for oxygen redu uction reactioons 

and ethaanol 

oxidatioon 

reactions. The 

work w paved a ground for future fundi ing and publlication. 



8

Signatures 

Name and Signatu ure of the Principal 

Me entor: 

(writing g the full name 

suffices as signature s for electronic coopies) 

Youngs sik Kim____ _______ __ ___________ ___________________________08/277/2010 

Name 

Signatu ure 

Date 



9

Education 

Youngsik Kim 

• 2006, Ph.D., Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. 

• 2003, M.S., Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. 

• 2000, B.S., Materials Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. 

Positions Held at IUPUI 

• 2010-Present, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering. 

Other Related Experience 

• 2006-2010, Postdoctoral Fellow, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin. 

Research Interests 

Identifying and developing advanced functional materials 

Understanding the chemistry-structure- physical property relationships in materials 

Li and Na rechargeable batteries for high power and energy storage applications 

Asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor for high power supply applications 

Fast-ion conducting solid membranes 

Honors and Awards 

Norbert J. Kreidl Award, May 2007 

Research Excellence Award, August 2006 

Selected Publications 

[1] John B. Goodenough and Youngsik Kim, “Challenges for Li Rechargeable Batteries,” 

Invited Review Paper for Chemistry of Materials, 22 (2010) 587 - 603. 

[2] John B. Goodenough and Youngsik Kim, “Locating Redox Couples in the Layered 

Sulfides with Application to Cu[Cr2]S4,” Journal of the Solid-State Chemistry, 182 

(2009) 2904-2911. 

[3] Youngsik Kim, Kyu-sung Park, Sang-hoon Song, Jiantao Han, and John B. 

Goodenough, “Access to M 3+ /M 2+ redox couple in layered LiMS2 sulfides (M = Ti, V, 

Cr) as Anodes for Li-ion Batteries,” Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 156 (2009) 

A703-A708 

[4] Youngsik Kim and John B. Goodenough, “Reinvestigation of Li1-xVyTi1-yS2 electrodes 

in suitable electrolytes: Highly improved electrochemical properties,” Electrochemical 

and Solid-State Letters, 12 (2009) A73-A75 

[5] Jian-Tao Han, Dong-Qiang Liu, Sang-Hoon Song, Youngsik Kim and John B. 

Goodenough, “Lithium Ion Intercalation Performance of Niobium Oxides: KNb5O13 

and K6Nb10.8O30,” Chemistry of Materials, 21 (2009) 4753-4755. 

[6] Youngsik Kim and John B. Goodenough, “Lithium Insertion into Transition Metal 

Monosulfides: Tuning the Position of the Metal 4s Band,” Journal of Physical 

Chemistry C, 112 (2008) 15060-15064.

[7] Youngsik Kim and John B. Goodenough, “Lithium Intercalation into ATi2(PS4)3 (A = 

Li, Na, Ag),” Electrochemistry Communication, 10 (2008) 497-501. 

[8] Youngsik Kim, Nachiappan Arumugam, and John B. Goodenough, “3D Framework 

Structure of a New Lithium Thiophosphate, LiTi2(PS4)3 as Lithium Insertion Hosts,” 

Chemistry of Materials 20 (2008) 470-474. 

[9] Youngsik Kim, Haesuk Hwang, Katherine Lawler, Steve W. Martin, and Jaephil Cho, 

“Electrochemical Behavior of Ge and GeX2 (X = O, S) Glasses: Improved Reversibility 

of the Reaction of Li with Ge in Sulfide Medium,” Electrochimica Acta, 53 (2008) 

5058. 

[10] Youngsik Kim, Haesuk Hwang, Chong S. Yoon, Min G. Kim, and Jaephil Cho, 

“Reversible Lithium Intercalation in Teardrop-shaped Ultrafine SnP0.94 Particle: An 

Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries,” Advanced Materials, 19 (2007) 92-96. 

[11] Youngsik Kim and Steve W. Martin, “Ionic conductivities of various GeS2-based 

glasses prepared by melt-quenching and mechanical milling methods,” Solid State 

Ionics, 177 (2006) 2881-2887. 

[12] Youngsik Kim, Hyun Soo Kim, and Steve W. Martin, “Synthesis and electrochemical 

characteristics of Al2O3-coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material for lithium ion 

batteries,” Electrochimica Acta 52 (2006) 1316-1322. 

[13] Youngsik Kim, Jason Saienga, and Steve W. Martin, “Anomalous Ionic conductivity 

increase in Li2S + GeS2 + GeO2 glasses,” Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110(33) 

(2006) 16318-16325. 

[14] Hyun Soo Kim, Youngsik Kim, Seong-Il Kim, and Steve W. Martin, “Enhanced 

electrochemical properties of the LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material by coating with 

LiAlO2 nanoparticles,” Journal of Power Sources, 161(1) (2006) 623-627. 

[15] Youngsik Kim, Jason Saienga, and Steve W. Martin, “Glass formation in and structural 

investigation of Li2S + GeS2 + GeO2 composition using Raman and IR spectroscopy,” 

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 351 (2005) 3716-3724. 

Invited Lectures 

[1] “Correlation between local structure and anomalous ionic conductivity increase in Li2S + 

GeS2 + GeO2 glasses”, invited lecture as a Norbert Kreidl award winner, American 

Ceramic Society Annual Meeting, Rochester, NY, 2007 

[2] “Challenge and further development of Li rechargeable batteries” Department of 

Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, 2010

Rongrong Chen 

a. Education 

Major Degree & Year 

Xiamen University, Xiamen, China Physical Chemistry B.S., 1983 

Case Western Reserve University 

Cleveland, Ohio, USA 

Electrochemistry Ph.D., 1993 

b. Appointments 

8/2008- present, 

Associate Professor, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, USA 

10/2005-7/2008, 

Associate Research Professor, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, USA 

3/1995-9/2005, 

Group Leader at Delphi’s Indiana Technical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 

5/1993-2/1995, 

Post-doctoral Fellow, E. Yeager Electrochemical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 

Cleveland, Ohio 

1/1987-4/1993, 

Graduate Teaching/Research Assistant, E. Yeager Electrochemical Center, Case Western Reserve 

University, Cleveland, Ohio 

c. Publications 

1. Hui He, Lu Zhang, Andrew Hsu and Rongrong Chen, “The influence of LiCoO2 with spinel 

symmetry on lithium-ion battery performance and electrochemical properties”, to be submitted to 

JECS, Aug. 2010. 

2. Qingmin Xu, Ruihua Cheng, Deryn Chu and Rongrong Chen, “In Situ STM investigation on 

stability of Pt-nanoparticles in acid and alkaline solutions”, to be submitted to JACS, Aug. 2010. 

3. Wei Sun, Andrew Hsu and Rongrong Chen, “Carbon supported tetragonal manganese oxide 

catalysts for oxygen reduction in alkaline media”, in press, Journal of Power Sources, 2010. 

4. Luhua Jiang, Andrew Hsu, Deryn Chu, Rongrong Chen, “A highly active Pd coated Ag 

electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reactions in alkaline media”, Electrochimica Acta, 55 (2010) 

4506-4511. 

5. Luhua Jiang, Andrew Hsu, Deryn Chu, Rongrong Chen, “Ethanol electro-oxidation on Pt/C and 

PtSn/C catalysts in alkaline and acid solutions”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35 

(2010) 365-372. 

6. Junsong Guo, Andrew Hsu, Deryn Chu, Rongrong Chen, “Factors Affecting Ag/C Catalyst 

Activity for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Solutions”, J. Phys Chem C, 2010, 114, 

4324-4330. 

7. Guigui Wang, Yiming Weng, Jun Zhao, Deryn Chu, Dong Xie and Rongrong Chen, 

“Developing a novel alkaline anion exchange membrane derived from poly(ether-imide) for 

improved ionic conductivity”, Polymer Advanced Technology, 21 554–560, 2010. 

8. Guigui Wang, Yiming Weng, Deryn Chu, Dong Xie and Rongrong Chen, “Preparation of 

alkaline anion exchange membranes based on functional poly(ether-imide) polymers for potential 

fuel cell applications”, Journal of Membrane Science, 326,4-8, 2009. 

9. Guigui Wang, Yiming Weng, Jun Zhao, Rongrong Chen and Dong Xie, “Chloromethylation of a 

functional poly(ether-imide) membrane”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 112, 721-727, 

2009. 

1

10. Guigui Wang, Yiming Weng, Deryn Chu, Rongrong Chen, Dong Xie, “Developing a 

polysulfone-based alkaline anion exchange membrane for improved ionic conductivity”, Journal 

of Membrane Science, 332, 63-68, 2009. 

11. Luhua Jiang, Andrew Hsu, Deryn Chu and Rongrong Chen, “Oxygen reduction reaction on 

carbon supported Pt and Pd in alkaline solutions”, Journal of Electrochemical Society, 156 (3) 

B370-376 (2009). 

12. Luhua Jiang, Anderew Hsu, Deryn Chu and Rongrong Chen,“ Oxygen reduction on carbon 

supported Pt and PtRu catalysts in alkaline solutions“, Electroanalytical Chemistry, 629,87-93 

(2009). 

13. Luhua Jiang, Andrew Hsu, Deryn Chu and Rongrong Chen, “Size-dependent activity of 

palladium nanoparticles for oxygen electroreduction in alkaline solution”, Journal of 

Electrochemical Society, 156 (5) B643-B649 (2009). 

14. Lihong Huang, Jian Xie, Rongrong Chen, Deryn Chu, Andrew T. Hsu, “Iron-promoted nickelbased 

catalysts for hydrogen generation via auto-thermal reforming of ethanol”, Catalysis 

Communications, 10 (5)502-508 (2009). 

15. Lihong Huang, Jian Xie, Rongrong Chen, Deryn Chu, Andrew T. Hsu, “Fe promoted Ni- 

Ce/Al2O3 in auto-thermal reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production”, Catalysis Lett., 130, 

432-439(2009). 

16. Lihong Huang, Jian Xie, Rongrong Chen, Deryn Chu, Andrew T. Hsu, “Nanorod aluminasupported 

Ni¨CZr¨CFe/Al2O3 catalysts for hydrogen production in auto-thermal reforming of 

ethanol”, Materials Research Bulletin, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 6 September 

2009. 

17. Rongrong Chen, Haoxia Li, Deryn Chu, Guofeng Wang, “Unraveling Oxygen Reduction 

Reaction Mechanisms on Carbon Supported FePhthalocyanine and Co-Phthalocyanine Catalysts 

in Alkaline Solutions”, J Phys Chem C, 2009, 113, 20689. 

18. Lihong Huang, Jian Xie, Rongrong Chen, Deryn Chu, Andrew T. Hsu, “Effect of iron on 

durability of nickel-based catalysts in auto-thermal reforming of ethanol for hydrogen 

production”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33 7448-7456(2008). 

19. Guofeng Wang, Nitia Ramesh, Andrew Hsu, Deryn Chu and Rongrong Chen, “Density 

Functional Theory Study of the Adsorption of Oxygen Molecule on Iron Phthalocyanine and 

Cobalt Phthalocyanine”, Molecular Simulation, 34, 1051-105(2008). 

20. Naiping Hu., Rongrong Chen and Andrew Hsu, “Molecular Simulation of the Glass Transition 

and Proton Conductivity of 2, 2’-benzidinedisulfonic acid (BDSA) and 4, 4’diaminodiphenylether-2, 

2’-disulfonic acid (ODADS) Based Copolyimides as Polyelectrolytes 

for Fuel Cell Applications,” Polymer International, 55, 872-882 (2006). 

d. Patents: 

1. Rongrong Chen, Lihong Huang, Jian Xie, and Andrew Hsu, “New Catalyst for Ethanol 

Autothermal Reforming”, 11/21/08. 

2. Guigui Wang, Dong Xie, Andrew Hsu and Rongrong Chen, “Functionalization and Membrane 

Preparation of Polyimides and/, or Polyethers for Alkaline Anion Exchange”, 1/15/08. 

3. Guigui Wang, Dong Xie, Andrew Hsu and Rongrong Chen, “Improvement of Proton Exchange 

Membranes by Addition of Sulfonated Super Porous Polystyrene Particles”, Jan. 15 th , 2008. 

4. Rongrong Chen and Junsong Guo, “New Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction”, July, 2010. 

5. Rongrong Chen and John L. Ayres, US patent 6,803,151, “Improved Positive Electrode,” 

October, 2004. 

6. Rongrong Chen, Shay Harrison and W. Kwok, US patent 6,755,874, “Plate Making Process for 

Lead Acid Battery,” June, 2004. 

7. Rongrong Chen and W. Kwok, US patent 6,617,071, “Active Material for High Power and High 

Energy Lead Acid Batteries and Method of Manufacturing,” September, 2003. 

2

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