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Table 4.6 continuedFamilySpeciesSATYRIDAEContinuedNYMPHA LIDAELYCAENIDAEHESPERIDAEBicyclus safitza safitzaBicyclus angulosus angulosusHenotesia perspicuaMelanitis leda ledaAcraea eponina eponinaAcraea zetes zetesAmauris niavius dominicanusByblia ilithya ilithyaByblia anvatara acheloiaCharaxes achaemenes achaemenesCharaxes aubyni eckettiCharaxes baumanni grantiCharaxes bohemani bohemaniCharaxes brutusCharaxes castorCharaxes cithaeron kennethiCharaxes cithaeronCharaxes cynthia parvicaudatusCharaxes etisipe tavetensisCharaxes guderiana guderianaCharaxes lasti magomberoCharaxes macclounii maclouniiCharaxes protoclea azotaCharaxes saturnus saturnusCharaxes varanes vologesesCharaxes violetta melloniCharaxes zoolina zoolinaEuphaedra neopphron littoralisEurytela dryope angulataHarma theobene blassiHypolimnas anthedon anthedonJunonia hierta cebreneJunonia natalica natalicaJunonia tereaNeptidopsis ophione velledaPhalanta eurytis eurytisPhalanta phalanthaPrecis antilopeSallya amulia rosaTirumala petiveranaAnthene indefinita indefinitaAnthene liguresHemiolaus coeculus littoralisLeptotes pirithous pirithousPentila pauliSpialia diomos diomos4.3.5 BatsTwenty six individuals representing six species were captured (Table 6). Fourteenwere fruit bats (Epomorphorus and Rousettus) and 12 insectivorous. Eighteenspecimens were taken for taxonomic verification25
Table 4.7. Summary of the bats found in Nambiga Forest Reserve during the 1999 wet season.CapturefrequencyVESPERTILIONIDAEScotophilus leucogaster 4HIPPOSIDERINAEHipposideros caffer 4MOLOSSIDAEChaerophon pumila 3Chalinolobus variegatus 1PTEROPODIDAERousettus aegyptiacus 2Epomorphorus wahlbergi 124.4 DiscussionMany of <strong>Tanzania</strong>’s forest-dependent species have limited distributions and are underincreasing threat from habitat degradation. Describing the biodiversity of small forestreserves is therefore a conservation priority.4.4.1 Small mammalsThe Beamys hindei (lesser pouched rat) and Cricetomys gambianus (giant pouchedrat) were unexpected captures in ground traps because both species are predominantlyclimbers (Kingdon 1974). C. gambianus is widely distributed across Africa (Kingdon1997), but B. hindei is restricted to dense forests in East Africa (Kingdon 1997).Given that these records, in addition to the Graphiurus sp. (African dormouse), werethe first for Kilombero the valley, the small mammal trapping indicates the need tocomprehensively document all major habitat types in the reserve.4.4.2 Large mammalsNambiga F. R. is locally considered as an area of high importance for large mammalsbecause it supports populations of forest specialists and provides suitable habitat inthe wet season for the floodplain animals. The several large game trails runningthrough the reserve may act as seasonal migration routes between the floodplain andmiombo woodland for animals such as buffalo and elephant. Although no formalassessment of the species composition or habitat use was made during this survey, theoccasional observations provide a sample of the reserve’s large mammal communityin the wet season. Nambiga F. R. was found to have 27 species of large mammal, withparticularly high antelope (8) species richness.The species composition recorded during this survey was similar to that found in thereserve by Hinde (2000). Evidence of crested porcupine, lion, common genet,hippopotamous, hartebeest and bush duiker were found during this present surveyonly.4.4.3 AmphibiansThe species list for Nambiga F. R., though indicative of the diversity, was by nomeans complete. The capture of Leptopelis flavomaculatus was significant becausethis is a species dependent on primary forest (Howell 1993).Amphibians were readily caught in bucket pitfall traps and by opportunisticcollection, and are potentially suitable for ecological monitoring. However, thetaxonomy of many East African amphibian genera is incompletely understood and26
Page 1 and 2: Frontier Tanzania Savanna ResearchP
Page 3 and 4: PREFACEThis section outlines the re
Page 5 and 6: SUMMARY1. Nambiga Forest Reserve is
Page 7 and 8: 4. FAUNAL BIODIVERSITY SURVEY (Grah
Page 9 and 10: Figure 1.1. Sketch map showing the
Page 11 and 12: 2. RESOURCE USE SURVEY2.1 Aims and
Page 13 and 14: y the highest density of farmland a
Page 15 and 16: 3. FOREST COMPOSITION AND DISTURBAN
Page 17 and 18: Figure 3.1 Timber trees (see method
Page 19 and 20: Figure 3.3. Total cut timber trees
Page 21 and 22: Illegal trapping activities were fo
Page 23 and 24: Table 3.1 (continued).Plant species
Page 25 and 26: Table 3.2. KiSwahili names and uses
Page 27 and 28: 4. FAUNAL BIODIVERSITY SURVEY4.1 In
Page 29 and 30: 4.3.4 ReptilesIn total there were 4
Page 31: Table 4.5 continuedSpecies Common n
Page 35 and 36: forests such as Nambiga F. R. are i
Page 37 and 38: populations in Nambiga F. R. are of
Page 39 and 40: Kremen, C. (1992). Assessing the in

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