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6. REFERENCESBeentje, H. (1994). Kenya Trees, Shrubs and Lianas. National Museums of Kenya,Nairobi.Blaustein, A. R. and Wake, D. B. 1990. Declining amphibian populations: a globalphenomenon? Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 5, 203-204.Doggart, N. H., Dilger, M. S., Cunneyworth, P., Kilenga, R., Beale, N. and Fanning,E. (1999)a. Mtai Forest Reserve. A biodiversity survey. East Usambara ConservationArea Management Programme Technical Paper No. 40. Forestry and BeekeepingDivision, and Finnish Forest and Park Service, and Society for EnvironmentalExploration, Dar es Salaam, Vantaa & London.Doggart, N. H., Joseph, L., Bayliss, J. and Fanning, E. (1999)b. Manga ForestReserve. A biodiversity survey. East Usambara Conservation Area ManagementProgramme Technical Paper No. 42. Forestry and Beekeeping division, and FinnishForest and Park Service, and Society for Environmental Exploration, Dar es Salaam,Vantaa & London.Gibbs, J. P. (1998). Distribution of woodland amphibians along a forest fragmentationgradient. Landscape Ecology, 13, 263-298.Hinde, R. J. (2000) A Comparison of the Relative Zoological Diversity andAbundance, for Selected Taxa, Between Teak Plantations, Miombo Woodland andLowland Tropical Forest. M.Sc. thesis. Unpublished. South Bank University, London.Howell, K. M. H. (1993). Herpetofauna of the eastern African Forests. In J. C. Lovettand S. K. Wasser (eds). Biogeography and Ecology of the Rain Forests of East Africa.Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Pp 173-201.International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) (1992). TheEnvironmental Impact of the Proposed Kilombero Valley Hardwood Project,Tanzania. An Assessment of a Project Proposed by the Commonwealth DevelopmentCorporation. The International Institute for Environment and Development, Londonand The Institute of Resource Assessment (IRA), University of Dar es Salaam,Tanzania. June 1992.Jenkins, R. K. B, Brady, L. D., Huston, K. R., Kauffmann, J. L. D., Rabearivony, J.,Raveloson, G. and Rowcliffe, M. (1999). The population status of chameleons withinRanomafana National Park, Madagascar. Oryx, 33, 38-47.Kielland, J. (1990). Butterflies of Tanzania. Hill House. Melbourne / London.Kingdon, J. (1974). East African Mammals. An Atlas of Evolution in Africa. VolumeII Part B (Hares and Rodents). The University of Chicago Press.Kingdon, J. (1989). East African Mammals. An Atlas of Evolution in Africa. Volume2A Insectivores and bats. The University of Chicago Press.Kingdon, J. (1997). The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals. Academic Press.31
Kremen, C. (1992). Assessing the indicator properties of species assemblages fornatural areas monitoring. Ecological Applications, 2, 203-217.Lovett, J. C. and Pócs, T. (1993). Assessment of the Condition of the CatchmentForest Reserves: a botanical appraisal. Catchment Forestry Report 93.3. CatchmentForestry Project. Dar es Salaam.Lovett, J. C. and Wasser, S. K. (1993). Biogeography and Ecology of the Rain Forestsof East Africa. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Pp 173-201.Mbuya, L. B., Msanga, H. P., Ruffo, C. K., Birnie, A. and Tengnas, B. (1994). Usefultrees and shrubs for Tanzania. Identification, Propagation and Management forAgricultural and Pastoral Communities. Technical Handbook No. 6. Regional SoilConservation Unit, SIDA.Murcia, C. (1995). Edge effects in fragmented forests: implications for conservation.TREE, 10, 58-62.Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (1998). The Catchment Forestry Project.Proposal for phase II sector agreement between Ministry of Natural Resources andTourism and Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation. Dar es Salaam,Tanzania. May 1998.Palgrave, K. C. (1983). Trees of Southern Africa. Second Edition. Struik Publishers,Cape Town.Poynton, J. C. (1998). Tanzanian bufonid diversity: preliminary findings.Herpetological Journal, 8, 3-6.Raxworthy, C. J. and Nussbaum, R. A. (1994). A rainforest survey of reptiles,amphibians and small mammals in Montagne d’Ambre National Park, Madagascar.Biological Conservation, 69, 65-73.Society for Environmental Exploration (1998). Methodology Report. Society forEnvironmental Exploration, UK.Sutherland, W. J. (1996). Ecological Census Techniques. A handbook. CambridgeUniversity Press.Ulanga District Department of Natural Resources (1997). Wildlife and ForestryInventory Report. Rainy season, April-May 1997. Ulanga District SupportProgramme. Unpublished Report.UNEP (1998) Tanzania. Country Study on Biological Diversity. Government of theUnited Republic of Tanzania. Vice President’s Office. Sponsored by the UnitedNations Environment Programme (UNEP) with funding from the GlobalEnvironmental Facility (GEF) and the Norwegian Agency for DevelopmentCooperation (NORAD). June 1998.32
Page 1 and 2: Frontier Tanzania Savanna ResearchP
Page 3 and 4: PREFACEThis section outlines the re
Page 5 and 6: SUMMARY1. Nambiga Forest Reserve is
Page 7 and 8: 4. FAUNAL BIODIVERSITY SURVEY (Grah
Page 9 and 10: Figure 1.1. Sketch map showing the
Page 11 and 12: 2. RESOURCE USE SURVEY2.1 Aims and
Page 13 and 14: y the highest density of farmland a
Page 15 and 16: 3. FOREST COMPOSITION AND DISTURBAN
Page 17 and 18: Figure 3.1 Timber trees (see method
Page 19 and 20: Figure 3.3. Total cut timber trees
Page 21 and 22: Illegal trapping activities were fo
Page 23 and 24: Table 3.1 (continued).Plant species
Page 25 and 26: Table 3.2. KiSwahili names and uses
Page 27 and 28: 4. FAUNAL BIODIVERSITY SURVEY4.1 In
Page 29 and 30: 4.3.4 ReptilesIn total there were 4
Page 31 and 32: Table 4.5 continuedSpecies Common n
Page 33 and 34: Table 4.7. Summary of the bats foun
Page 35 and 36: forests such as Nambiga F. R. are i
Page 37: populations in Nambiga F. R. are of

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