Oberon Class Submarine Occupational Hygiene Project Final Report

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phenolic compounds ·phosgene ·phosphine · PH 3polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons PAHspotassium hydroxide ·KOH - residue in spent oxygen candlespotassium perchlorate in oxygen candles1,2-propylene glycol dinitrate (PGDN) propellant in Otto Fuelphenolic compounds in 'smoke' ·refrigerant (R-12 ) ·refrigerants - othersewage gases ·soda lime ·stibine ·styrene ·substituted cyclohexanes ·toluene ·torpedo 'hot running'torpedo tube internal painting ·1,1,1-trichloroethane ·venting of outboard diesel tanks inboardvinyl chloride ·vinylidene chloride ·volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ·white spirits ·xylene ·Electricity Hazardselectric and magnetic fields from electric equipment·electric shock ·electrostatic shock · - during cable transferEnvironment - Climateclimatic factors within the submarine ·odour - general submarine·re-entrainment of diesel exhaust emissions ·relative humidity ·snorting- emissions re-circulated back to submarine air environment- sufficient time to rejuvenate air to normaltemperature ·Ergonomic Factorscircadian rhythm ·continuously variable watchkeeping and lack of external zeitgebers alteringbiological rhythm ·desynchronisation of circadian cycles ·ergonomic- posture- lifting/manual handling- standing long periods50
- performance of tasks in cramped conditions- turning valves close togetherfalls ·falls from submarine into seahead injury from bumping into objects·interior design (multi levels, ladder use, passage dimensions, movementproblems )·ladders & stairsslipstrips ·unknown factors, other than toxic contaminants ·watch keeping (fatigue, high work loads, circadian rhythm) ·work-rest schedules ·General <strong>Hygiene</strong>disposal of wastes ·faecal contamination ·household dust and black soot emanating from ventilation ports ·hygiene personal (availability of water for washing, control on sanitation aids)·sanitation ·sludge tanks ·Medical Factorsanalgesics ·- uncontrolled usebody odour – by absorption from submarine atmospherecarbon dioxide – high concentration exposures – ureteral calculidemineralised drinking water – balanced mineral intake·dermal problems- from chemicals used- microbiological origins- insufficient washing water·diet (calorific intake and exercise -Relatively unlimited rich diet )·headache ·hypoxia ·lack of exercise ·lack of normal physical, psychological and sensory stimuli ·no sunlight for long periods·potable water- not suitable quality- lack of mineralssonar - eye soreness through focus/poor resolutionstorage of food ·- freshness or lack oftrauma ·Microbiological Hazardsbacteria ·close physical and microbiological contact among crew ·microfungi ·micro-organisms from the bowel ·51
Page 1 and 2: Oberon Class SubmarineOccupational
Page 3 and 4: ContentsExecutive Summary..........
Page 7 and 8: There is strong anecdotal evidence
Page 10: decommissioned) in 1992. The five r
Page 13 and 14: Ventilation Arrangements(from Kane
Page 15 and 16: Approach Adopted in this StudyIn or
Page 17 and 18: Departmental DocumentsDefence Scien
Page 19 and 20: of diesel-electric propulsion and a
Page 21 and 22: 4. Gan & Mazurek (~ 2005), “Expos
Page 23 and 24: to avoid short and long term effect
Page 25 and 26: from the air vents, in excess of 65
Page 27 and 28: Overseas Studies Relating to Oberon
Page 29 and 30: For the compounds identified with *
Page 31 and 32: pollution by 33%. There is a length
Page 33 and 34: Air Quality Standards1. In his brie
Page 35 and 36: Continuous Exposure Guidance levels
Page 37 and 38: ClothingStandard orders refer to th
Page 39 and 40: occupational health exposure studie
Page 41 and 42: Issues of body absorption of diesel
Page 43 and 44: eading time is 10 minutes. The 0.2
Page 45 and 46: Comment. This study is cited as the
Page 47 and 48: • secrecy associated with submari
Page 49: 3-methyl hexanedimethylcyclohexane1
Page 53: smoke candles ·torpedo 'hot runnin
Page 56 and 57: The control room onONYX, looking af
Page 58: Committee and the University of Que
Page 61 and 62: Many references were made to a sens
Page 63 and 64: safety was compromised for speed an
Page 65 and 66: Health HazardsThe health hazards id
Page 67 and 68: Psychological• Stress caused by n
Page 69 and 70: Tar epoxiesJason pistols?berylliumE
Page 71: Some of the psychological effects i
Page 75 and 76: Table 3: Rank and job description b
Page 77 and 78: Junior SailorsEngineeringTradespers
Page 79 and 80: Seaman- maintainerelectricalLeading
Page 81 and 82: Table 4: Exposure Profile and Quali
Page 83 and 84: DiscussionThis project appears to b
Page 85 and 86: in surface vessel engine rooms. The
Page 87 and 88: exceeded the guideline of 50 microg
Page 89 and 90: ConclusionIn conclusion, the occupa
Page 91 and 92: AnnexesAnnex A: The Project TeamAnn
Page 93 and 94: Annex B toOberon Class SubmarineOcc
Page 95 and 96: locked cabinets at CMVH and accesse
Page 97 and 98: THIS PAGE WILL BE DETACHED FROM YOU
Page 99 and 100: • What were the specific tasks co
Page 101 and 102:
List of Documents not AvailableAnne
Page 103 and 104:
ReferencesLiterature ReviewAdelson
Page 105 and 106:
Gorman R., Liss G.M., (1985), “Oc
Page 107 and 108:
McKinnery, W. N., Jr. and Moore, R.
Page 109 and 110:
Aeronautical and Maritime Research
Page 111:
111
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Oberon Class Submarine Occupational Hygiene Project Final Report

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