Material Handling Equipment - Industrial and Systems Engineering

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MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTUnlike the Manufacturer’s Problem, the Distributor’s Problem is nonrepetitive (i.e., it requires aunique solution for each pallet loaded) ⇒ one should be willing to spend more time and effortto find a good solution to the Manufacturer’s Problem as compared to the Distributor’s Problem.Manufacturer’s Problem ⇒ use of automatic stripper plate palletizer possibleDistributor’s Problem ⇒ manual or robotic (pick and place) palletizationBoth problems are difficult optimization problems to solve (they are, in fact, both “NP-hard”),even with the following restrictions that are usually assumed:1. All items and pallets are rectangular.2. Items are placed orthogonally on a pallet (i.e., all item edges are parallel to pallet edges).4. Positioning EquipmentPositioning equipment (see Table 2) is used to handle material at a single location. It can be usedat a workplace to feed, orient, load/unload, or otherwise manipulate materials so that are in thecorrect position for subsequent handling, machining, transport, or storage. In many cases,positioning equipment is required for and can be justified by the ergonomic requirements of atask. As compared to manual handling, the use of positioning equipment can provide thefollowing benefits: 12• raise the productivity of each worker when the frequency of handling is high,• improve product quality and limit damage to materials and equipment when the itemhandled is heavy or awkward to hold and damage is likely through human error orinattention, and• reduce fatigue and injuries when the environment is hazardous or inaccessible.Table 6. Positioning Equipment1. Manual (no equipment)2. Lift/tilt/turn table3. Dock leveler4. Ball transfer table5. Rotary index table6. Parts feeder7. Air film device8. Hoist9. Balancer10. Manipulator(a) Rigid-link manipulator(b) Articulated jib crane manipulator(c) Vacuum manipulator11. Industrial robot1. Manual (no equipment)Under ideal circumstances, maximum recommended weight for manual lifting to avoid backinjuries is 51 lbs.Recommendation based on NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) 199120
4. POSITIONING EQUIPMENTLifting Equation, which uses six multipliers to reduce maximum recommended weight for lessthan ideal lifting tasks2. Lift/tilt/turn tableUsed when positioning involves the lifting, tilting, or turning of aload.Can be used to reduce or limit a worker’s lifting and/or reachingmotions.Pallet load levelers are lift and turn tables used in manualpalletizing to reduce the amount of bending and stoopinginvolved with manually loading a pallet by combining a lifting and turning mechanism with adevice that lowers the table as each layer is completed so that loading always takes place at theoptimal height of 30 in.3. Dock levelerUsed at loading docks to compensate for height differencesbetween a truck bed and the dock4. Ball transfer tableUsed in conveyor systems to permit manual transfer to andfrom machines and conveyors and between differentsections of conveyorsSince loads are pushed on the table, ball friction limits themaximum load weight to 600 lbs.5. Rotary index tableUsed for the synchronous transferof small parts from station tostation in a single workcenterCircular table rotates in discreteintermittent steps to advanceparts between stations locatedalong its perimeterSince each part moves betweenstations at the same time, it isdifficult to put buffers between stations21
Page 3 and 4: 1. OVERVIEW OF MATERIAL HANDLING6.
Page 5 and 6: 1. OVERVIEW OF MATERIAL HANDLING•
Page 7 and 8: 2. MAJOR EQUIPMENT CATEGORIES2. Maj
Page 9 and 10: 2. MAJOR EQUIPMENT CATEGORIESTransp
Page 11 and 12: 3. LOAD FORMATION EQUIPMENT3. Skids
Page 13 and 14: 3. LOAD FORMATION EQUIPMENT12. Inte
Page 17 and 18: 3. LOAD FORMATION EQUIPMENTabreast
Page 19: 3. LOAD FORMATION EQUIPMENTFigure 4
Page 23 and 24: 4. POSITIONING EQUIPMENT8. HoistUse
Page 25 and 26: 5. CONVEYORS5. ConveyorsConveyors a
Page 27 and 28: 5. CONVEYORS3(a) Gravity roller con
Page 29 and 30: 5. CONVEYORS9. Bucket conveyorBulk
Page 31 and 32: 5. CONVEYORSSeries of flexible conv
Page 33 and 34: 5. CONVEYORSindependently and the t
Page 35 and 36: 5. CONVEYORSTilt tray sorters usual
Page 37 and 38: 6. CRANES2. Bridge craneBridge moun
Page 39 and 40: 7. INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS7. Industrial T
Page 41 and 42: 7. INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS1(a) Two-wheele
Page 43 and 44: 7. INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS5(a) Walkie pla
Page 45 and 46: 7. INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS9(a) Operator-d
Page 47 and 48: 7. INDUSTRIAL TRUCKSabsolute positi
Page 49 and 50: 7. INDUSTRIAL TRUCKSPrinciple of Op
Page 51 and 52: 7. INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS0( ) − ( )M
Page 53 and 54: 7. INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS3. Forks: attac
Page 55 and 56: 8. STORAGE EQUIPMENT• Dead-reckon
Page 57 and 58: 8. STORAGE EQUIPMENT3. Drive-in rac
Page 59 and 60: 8. STORAGE EQUIPMENT7. Sliding rack
Page 61 and 62: 8. STORAGE EQUIPMENTOne operator pi
Page 63 and 64: 8. STORAGE EQUIPMENTS/R Machine: An
Page 65 and 66: 9. MH EQUIPMENT SELECTIONTable 12.
Page 67: 10. REFERENCES10. ReferencesThe fol

Material Handling Equipment - Industrial and Systems Engineering

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