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Transactions of the VŠB - Technical university of OstravaSafety Engineering SeriesVol. VI, No. 2, 2011p. 65 - 70Locations of at-grade and grade separatedintersections (level crossings, bridges, underpasses)of railway tracks and roads and culverts are marked.crashed into the structure of a road bridge beingrepaired, which had fallen on the railway trackseveral seconds ago (see Fig. 4).Fig. 4 Photo of Studénka train accidentlevel crossingroad bridgerailway bridgeculvertFig. 3 Map of selected hazards on the railway routewith marked critical pointsOn the Česká Třebová - Přerov - Bohumínrailway route, on the Ostrava-Svinov - Jistebníkstretch, altogether 14 danger points, at which anaccident may occur, were identified. They are 3 levelcrossings, 4 road bridges, 6 culverts and 1 railwaybridge.Level crossings are places where a highway isintersected with a railway or another track lyingon a separate bed, and have relevant traffic signsand markings (Zákon, 2000). At level crossings,collisions between trains and road vehicles(i.e. automobile, lorry, bus, etc.) occur most frequently.A common cause of these collisions is above all notrespecting markings and signs and safety devices,placed in front of level crossings, by drivers of roadvehicles who thus generally gamble with their lives,with the lives of fellow travellers and of other roadusers. One of the causes of collisions between a trainand a car can also be an unfortunate coincidence, whena road vehicle remains standing due to mechanicalfailure at the level crossing/on the track.Another way of intersecting railway tracks withroads and motorways is represented by road bridgesleading over railway tracks. A typical example ofwhat can happen is a rail accident that took placeat Studénka on the 8 th August 2008, where a trainRailway bridges are structures that are part oftransport infrastructure. These structures serve aslinking elements of the railway, e.g. over watercoursesand roads. Thus they can compensate for differencein terrain height (i.e. viaducts). One of the causes offrequent traffic accidents is a bad estimation of theheight of the bridge itself (especially in the case oflorries) and subsequent trapping the vehicle underthe bridge structure. Railway bridges can also bedamaged by floods harming the structures of thebridges.Culverts are tunnel-type structures witha diameter of less than 2 m, which are used to allowwater to pass underneath embankments or to allowsmaller animals to migrate underneath railwaytracks, roads and other structures. These structuresare becoming increasingly important above all infloodplains where, however, failures of culverts andsubsequently damage to the railway track may occurowing to an increased discharge of water.A significant factor is the presence ofwatercourses and hydraulic structures in the vicinityof the railway track. In the immediate vicinity ofthe chosen railway route (Česká Třebová - Přerov -Bohumín, Ostrava-Svinov - Jistebník stretch), thereare both several watercourses crossing the railwaytrack (e.g. Porubka, Polančice, Bílovka, Mlýnka,and others) and hydraulic structures (e.g. poolsNádražní rybník, Polárkový rybník, Křivý rybník,Průtočný rybník, and others).On the chosen railway stretch, a whole series ofother accidents able to affect the course of travel mayoccur; they can involve the release of transporteddangerous substances. To these accidents belongaccidents caused by rail tank wagon failures (e.g.69
Transactions of the VŠB - Technical university of OstravaSafety Engineering SeriesVol. VI, No. 2, 2011p. 65 - 70technical failures, mechanical failures of rail tankwagons), accidents due to human factor failuresand accidents caused by natural infl uences (e.g.a fallen tree on the track as a result of unfavourableatmospheric conditions, sliding the land below thetrack or to the track, snow fallen on the track, etc.).ConclusionThis contribution focuses, in the framework ofthe Moravian-Silesian Region, on the identificationof danger points on the specific stretch of a railwayroute (Česká Třebová - Přerov - Bohumín, Ostrava-Svinov - Jistebník stretch) for the transport ofdangerous substances. To the identified criticalpoints on the selected railway stretch, levelcrossings, road and railway bridges and culvertsbelong. All these structures were plotted on a map.Subsequently, causes of accidents that could occurat the designated danger points were determined. Asa part of the mapping of hazards on any stretch ofthe railway route, it is also necessary to deal withhazards indirectly associated with the danger points(e.g. failures, errors, human factor, etc.).The mapping of risks associated with the railtransport of dangerous substances will be furtherused for the preparation of the module “Railway”being just created for the prototype software systemFLOREON + .AcknowledgementsThis contribution was prepared as a part of theproject of Student Grant Competition - projectNo. SP 2011/142 titled “Preparation of Module“Railway” for the FLOREON + System“.ReferencesJANOTA, Aleš, et al. (2008). Analýza a řízení rizik v dopravě: Pozemní komunikace a železnice. BEN - technickáliteratura, 2008. 528 s. ISBN 978-80-7300-214-5.KRÖMER, Antonín, MUSIAL, Petr, FOLWARCZNY, Libor (2010). Mapování rizik. 1. vyd. Ostrava: Sdruženípožárního a bezpečnostního inženýrství, 2010. 126 s. ISBN 978-80-7385-086-9.ORAVEC, Milan (2009). Posudzovanie rizík. Ostrava: SPBI Ostrava, 2009. 106 s. ISBN 978-80-7385-043-2.ŠIMÁK, Ladislav, et al. (2006). Terminologický slovník krízového riadenia. Žilina: Fakulta špeciálného inžinierstvaŽilinskej univerzity v Žilině, 2006. 44 s. ISBN 80-88829-75-5.ROUDNÝ, Radim (2008). Rozhodování a analýza rizik. In Sborník příspěvků z mezinárodní konference Ochranaobyvatel 2008. Ostrava: Vysoká škola báňská-Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2008. s. 347-354. ISBN 978-80-7385-034-0.Ministerstvo dopravy. Ročenka dopravy České republiky 2009 (2010). Praha: Centrum dopravního výzkumu,v. v. i., 2010. 165 s. ISSN 1801-3090.United States of America. Standard practice for system safety: MIL-STD-882D. 2000, s. 31.Zákon č. 361/2000 Sb., o provozu na pozemních komunikacích a o změnách některých zákonů (zákon o silničnímprovozu) ve znění pozdějších předpisů.České dráhy, a.s. Mapa tratí s vyznačením hranic krajů. [online]. 2010 [cit. 2011-10-06]. Available at WWW:Ministerstvo dopravy ČR [online]. 2011 [cit. 2011-10-01]. Available at WWW: .70
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