Promotion of HIV/AIDS mitigation and wildlife conservation through ...

Mitigation of HIV/AIDS Impactand Wildlife Conservation throughImproved Village PoultryProduction in Southern AfricaRobyn Alders and Filomena dos AnjosAcknowledgementsThanks to:• AHEAD - for getting me here!• ACIAR - Australian Centre forInternational Agricultural Research• AusAIDAID - Australian Agency forInternational Development• FAO - Food and AgricultureOrganization of the United Nations• WCS - Wildlife Conservation Society &Community Markets for Conservation• Farmers, extension workers,veterinarians, researchers and NGOsMalnutrition, Food Insecurity andHIV/AIDSWhy village poultry?In mixed farming systems in SouthernAfrica: very few households h own cattle (~10-20%) some own small ruminants (~30-40%),but most own village poultry (70-80%)United Nations World Food Programme. Interactive Hunger Map 2003

Newcastle Disease (ND) Major constraint where ND is endemic 50 – 80 % annual mortality Control requires both vaccination andbiosecurity Thermotolerant, avirulent I-2 vaccinefacilitates ND control in rural areas beyondthe cold chain, administered by eye-dropevery 4 months I-2 ND vaccine master seed availablefree of charge from ACIARComponents of a sustainable NDcontrol program in rural areas Coordination of activitiesiti Appropriate vaccine & vaccine technology Efficient extension material &methodologies Simple M&E systems with both technical andsocio-economic indicators Economic sustainability – commercializationof the vaccine (~USD 1.00/250 doses) &vaccination services (community vaccinatorcharges ~USD 0.02/bird), & marketing ofsurplus birds and eggsProject componentsApproximately 50% femalevaccinators Community development – governmentveterinary & extension services, communityleaders & groups, community vaccinators,NGOs Vaccine production, quality control anddistribution – Animal Disease ResearchInstitute, Veterinary Services (VICs) & LocalCouncils Extension & training – facilitateunderstanding d and communication ca o at all levelse

ND control extension materials Field manual – veterinarians &supervisors Training manual – trainers of communityvaccinators, 3-day training course Laboratory manual – vaccine productionand quality control staff Extension worker & vaccinatormanuals Flip chart – extension workers, vaccinators& farmers Vaccination calendar Radio programs, posters, pamphlet &videoGeneral extension/communication materials“Healthy chickens, healthypeople” flip chart“Chicken reproduction” flipchartVillage chicken health andproduction field manualHIV/AIDS information Rural poultry eNewsletter –published every 6 monthsImpact monitoring & assessmentVillage chickens and HIV/AIDSmitigation in Mozambique Baseline studies Participatory ruralappraisals Vaccination records- N o . birds vaccinated-N o . farmers participating-N o . active vaccinators- N o . vials distributed &sales Passive diseasesurveillanceSenhoraJoaquinaGuente(Grandmotherwith threegrandchildren)

Community-based ND control & village chickenrestocking of HIV/AIDS affected households ND control program at village level l implemented bycommunity vaccinators (who are also volunteercarers) with vaccination vouchers for vulnerableHHs Restocking of vulnerable HHs with one rooster andthree hens purchased in the local area Poultry for restocking were held in quarantine forone week and vaccinated against ND prior todistribution Beneficiaries received training in ND control andlow cost village poultry husbandry Funded d by FAOImpact of pilot activities after12 monthsTotal # of participating HHs 98- # Female-headed HHs 63- # Grandparent-headed HHs 29- # Child-headed HHs 6Total number chickens 364% HHs with chickens after 12months58Triple benefits of the villagechicken & HIV/AIDS project1. Direct support to the peopleaffected or infected by HIV/AIDS2. Income generation for the carersand the community-basedorganizations3. An increase in the carrying capacityof the communities in terms ofsupporting welfare activitiesVillage chickens and wildlifeconservation in ZambiaFarmers and their chickens …….

Village chickens and wildlifeconservation in Zambia… and the wildlifeImprovement of village poultry production bycommunities surrounding South LuangwaNational Park Tsetse fly infested area → No cattle; very fewgoats; village chickens are very important ND outbreaks occur most frequently fromAugust to October Pilot project commenced in May 2007 in fiveChiefdoms funded by WCS and implementedin collaboration with COMACO ND vaccination campaigns implemented bycommunity vaccinators in July and November2007 using imported NDV4-HR vaccine COMACO promotes biodiversity conservationby promoting sustainable developmentResults to date in vaccinating areasPreliminary analysis# Chicke ns302520151050Vaccinating areas 2007: Av. # chickens per HH1 2 3 4 5ChiefdomsJulyNovemberThe July 2007 ND vaccination campaign wasimplemented in the face of an outbreak in onechiefdomBest to start new control activities well in advance ofthe period when ND outbreaks occur more frequentlyMore chiefdoms are requesting to join the ND controlprogramLow-cost village poultry husbandry activities can nowbe promotedFurther study is required to determine if increasedchicken numbers will translate into decreased bushmeat sale and consumption

ConclusionsHealthy poultry, healthy peopleIncreased village chickenproduction also has thepotential to: Improve food security, assistin poverty alleviation, Assist with HIV/AIDSmitigation, and Decrease bush meatconsumption in ruralpopulations.Thank you !Zikomo !Obrigada !Asante sana !