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Katonga Wildlife Reserve 27Bohor reedbuck (Redunca redunca), and crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata), plus ananomalous sighting of a single white-collared mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus). Many ofthese species are too small to be reliably recorded from the air, and all were at low densities,reducing the likelihood that they would be recorded during just a few hours of flying time,and the 1995 aerial survey again recorded very few animals: one black-and-white colobus,three warthog, and one bushbuck (Lamprey & Michelmore, 1996).3.3 MethodsThe survey was conducted in two phases from April to June and July to September 1996.Volunteer research assistants were trained in basic navigation skills (see section 2.3) andlearned to estimate distances up to 200m accurately.They were trained in data recording and the identification of both the animals they were likelyto encounter using Dorst & Dandelot (1972), and their signs using Stuart & Stuart (1994),Liebenberg (1990), and Walker (1988).Direct records were made when an animal was actually seen by an observer (an observation),and indirect records when there was evidence that an animal had visited the site, but was notactually seen by the observer (e.g., dung, footprints, holes or scratchings, remains of a deadanimal, etc.). All footprints were sketched and measured, and all dung samples (other thanelephant) collected and brought back to the base camp, where a basic working referencecollection was established. For elephant dung the diameter of the cylindrical end of all intactdung boli was measured to provide information on the age structure of the group followingJachmann & Bell (1984).In tandem with the vegetation survey, small teams, led by a member of staff, walked througheach 1km UTM grid square of the reserve collecting information on the presence, distributionand behaviour of large mammals within an approximately 100m wide belt transect, giving asampling intensity of about 10%. This information was supplemented by opportunisticrecords made while moving through the reserve or during other survey work.3.4 ResultsThe volunteer research assistants were able navigate and estimate distances accurately.They were able to record data, as well as to identify animals and their signs from the fieldguides available, and recognise them in the field.All 207 1km UTM grid squares within the reserve were sampled.3.4.1 ChecklistTwenty-eight species of large mammals were identified during the course of the survey. Theyare listed in Table 3.1, along with indigenous species recorded by Allan (1995).Frontier-Uganda Wildlife Protected Areas Project September 1997Baseline Surveys Programme Report No. 9
Katonga Wildlife Reserve 28Table 3.1 Checklist of the large mammals of the Katonga Wildlife ReserveVernacular name Specific name Vegetation type Record typeOrder PrimatesFamily CercopithecidaeVervet monkey Cercopithecus aethiops wg, rw FOlive baboon Papio anubis wg, rw OBlack-and-white colobus Colobus guereza wg, rw FOrder CarnivoraFamily CanidaeSide-striped jackal Canis adustus wg RFamily MustelidaeAfrican clawless otter Aonyx capensis ss ID †Family ViverridaeEast African civet Civettictis civetta wg ID †Rusty spotted genet Genetta tigrina wg, rw, ss R*Family HerpestidaeMarsh mongoose Atilax paludinosus ps R*Dwarf mongoose Helogale parvula wg RSlender mongoose Herpestes sanguineus wg RBanded mongoose 1Mungos mungoFamily HyaenidaeSpotted hyena Crocuta crocuta wg, rw, ss IDFamily FelidaeServal Felis serval wg RLeopard Panthera pardus wg, ss R*Order ProboscideaFamily ElaphantidaeAfrican elephant Loxodonta africana wg, ps R*Order PerissodactylaFamily EquidaePlain’s zebra Equus burchelli wg ROrder TubulidentataFamily OrycteropodidaeAardvark/ant bear Orycteropus afer wg IDOrder ArtiodactylaFamily SuidaeWarthog Phacochoerus africanus wg OBushpig Potamochoerus porcus wg, ss, ps R*Family HippopotamidaeHippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius wg, ps R*Family BovidaeAfrican buffalo Syncerus caffer rw, ss IDBushbuck Tragelaphus scriptus wg, ss FSitatunga Tragelaphus spekii ss, ps RBlue duiker Cephalophus monticola wg OCommon duiker Sylvicapra grimmia wg, ss AOribi 1Ourebia ourebiWaterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus wg, rw OBohor reedbuck Redunca redunca wg, rw, ss AOrder PholidotaFamily ManidaeGiant pangolin Manis gigantea wg ID †Order RodentiaFamily HystricidaeCrested porcupine Hystrix cristata wg IDNomenclature and taxonomy follow Davies & Vanden Berghe (1994).Frontier-Uganda Wildlife Protected Areas Project September 1997Baseline Surveys Programme Report No. 9
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