inside• Trucking freight rate pressurebuilding as Peak Season nears• Court puts the brakes on Fed’spush for “black boxes”• USPS proposes changes toimprove bottom lineCongress agrees to extend federaltransit funding though MarchShort-term fix provides funding atcurrent levels, but the need for along-term bill remains.By Jeff Berman, Group News EditorWASHINGTON, D.C.—Fundingfor federal highway, transit, and highwaysafety will remain intact at currentlevels through March 31, 2012,with Congress passing H.R. 2887,The Surface and Air TransportationProgram Extension Act of <strong>2011</strong>. Thismarks the eighth extension of federaltransit funding since the previoussix-year, $285 billion authorization(SAFETEA-LU) expired on September30, 2009.While this legislation clears theway for transportation projects tobe funded through March 2012,larger problems remain when itcomes to funding these efforts ona meaningful, long-term basis. Thefederal gasoline tax, which has beenat 18.4 cents for gasoline and 23.4cents for diesel and has not beenincreased since 1993, has served asthe primary funding mechanism fortransportation.“Most people in transportationwould agree that gasoline taxesneed to be increased…in orderto avoid the Highway Trust Fundbeing bankrupt,” said Leslie Blakey,executive director of the Coalition ofAmerica’s Gateways and Trade Corridors.“The schedule needs to beaccelerated,” she added. “The longtermstimulus effect of this wouldThe “American Jobs Act” would call for $50 billion to be allocated fortransportation spending and $10 billion for an infrastructure bank—whichPresident Obama has pushed for several times.more than offset the relatively minimaleconomic drag that an increasedfuel tax would have.”Along with the repeated call byfreight transportation stakeholdersto increase the gasoline tax hascome the vital need for a new surfacetransportation reauthorization, ratherthan the continued slate of shorttermextensions.Janet Kavinoky, vice president ofAmericans for Transportation MobilityCoalition and executive directorof Transportation and Infrastructurefor the United States Chamber ofCommerce, made this clear. “Now,Congress must turn to passage of amulti-year reauthorization measure,”said Kavinoky. “The longer it takesto pass a multi-year bill, the moreexpensive the problems are to solve.Highway and transit investmentsfacilitate national, regional, and localeconomic growth in the long term,and create direct jobs in the shortterm. The longer we wait, the longerthe United States forgoes theseopportunities.”Kavinoky added that a multi-yearreauthorization bill must reform andrefocus surface transportation policiesand programs so that Americansget the greatest return on highwayand transit investments.Investment in transportation infrastructurewas prominently mentioned<strong>October</strong> <strong>2011</strong> | WWW.LOGISTICSMGMT.COM <strong>Logistics</strong> <strong>Management</strong> 13
in a speech President Obama made toCongress last month, which focusedon job creation and the economy. Inhis wide-ranging speech centered ona piece of legislation—the $447 billion“American Jobs Act”—transportationinfrastructure was one of thePresident’s key themes for job growth.“Everyone here knows we have badlydecaying roads and bridges all over thecountry,” he said. “Our highways areclogged with traffic. Our skies are themost congested in the world. It’s anoutrage.”He went on to say that building aworld class transportation system is whatmade the U.S. an economic superpower,while other countries like China are nowbuilding newer airports and faster railroadsat a time when millions of unemployedconstruction workers could buildthem right here in America.In pushing the urgent need for moreinfrastructure spending, the bill wouldcall for $50 billion to be allocated fortransportation spending and $10 billionfor an infrastructure bank—which hehas pushed for multiple times duringhis term as president.Regarding the infrastructure bank,he explained it in simple but directterms. “We’ll set up an independentfund to attract private dollars and issueloans based on two criteria: how badly aconstruction project is needed and howmuch good it will do for the economy,”said the President. “This idea camefrom a bill written by a Texas Republicanand a Massachusetts Democrat.The idea for a big boost in constructionis supported by America’s largest businessorganization and America’s largestlabor organization. It’s the kind of proposalthat’s been supported in the pastby Democrats and Republicans alike.”The infrastructure bank legislationcited by Obama was drafted in March bySenators John Kerry (D-MA), Kay BaileyHutchison (R-TX), and Mark Warner(D-VA) and is entitled the BUILD (theBuilding and Upgrading Infrastructurefor Long-Term Development) Act. Themain objective of the legislation is tosupport the establishment of an AmericanInfrastructure Bank in the U.S. toleverage private investment.But unlike other calls for an infrastructurebank in the past, this oneis different in the sense that it wouldrequire a lower up-front investment,which would subsequently be supportedby private sector investment. MratesTrucking freight rate pressure buildingas Peak Season nearsHARRISBURG, Pa.—Trucking ratesare rising and will continue to outstripthe pace of inflation as carrier capacitytightens, say experts and industryofficials.One key indicator of tight capacity isthe spot market. TransCore, which analyzesspot rates versus contract rates,has discovered a shift in freight buyinghabits that could be a harbinger of thispredicted, future rate environment.Usually, the spot market rates areabout 15 percent lower than contractrates. But this year, according to Trans-Core’s analysis, on a national average,about 24 percent of lanes had spot marketrates that were higher than contractrates during the second quarter.Geography seemedto play a role as well.In April, nearly half ofthe lanes with higherspot market rates originatedin the Midwest.But in May and June,the action shifted to theSoutheast where half ofthe higher rates originatedin Southeasternstates.Where spot marketrates were higher thancontract rates, the averagedifference was 19cents a mile in April and24 cents in June. Whencontract rates exceeded spot rates, thedifference was between 30 cents and33 cents in April-May but only 22 centsin June.That’s because dry van rates rosein June across the board, according toMark Montague, TransCore’s industryrate analyst who has spent decadesdeveloping and analyzing marketdrivenrate structures for transportcompanies.“What we know is that the spot markethas had a robust year and continuesto be a great source of freight,” saidMontague. “Things are tracking nicely.”For shippers this means that tightercapacity across the board can becomeultra-tight in some geographic regions,depending on time of year. But it’sworth analyzing the spot rate trendssince they usually dictate what’s aheadfor contract rates. About 75 percent ofall truck freight moves under contracts,usually one year in length, but occasionallylonger.“The spot market is leading edge forthe contract world,” Montague says.“Some of the contract shippers areholding back to see what develops. Thatcreates more activity in spot market.”David Schrader, TransCore’s seniorvice president for operations, said theheadlines about a slowdown belie whathis data says is happening on the loadingdocks.“What we’ve seen is very robust,”Schrader said. “There is a 40 percentincrease in freight volume year over14 <strong>Logistics</strong> <strong>Management</strong> WWW.LOGISTICSMGMT.COM | <strong>October</strong> <strong>2011</strong>