Sugarcane Ripener Research
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<strong>Sugarcane</strong> <strong>Ripener</strong><strong>Research</strong>Caleb Dalley, Ryan Viator, and Ed Richard, Jr.USDA-ARSARS<strong>Sugarcane</strong> <strong>Research</strong> LaboratoryHouma, LA

MATURITY STUDIES3503002007 - First Stubble250TRS2001501008/279/109/2510/9LCP 85-384 Ho 95-988 HoCP 96-540 L 97-128L 99-226 L 99-233 HoCP 00-95010/2211/511/1912/3

Varietal Responses:‣AppliedWeatheMAX at 5.3 oz/A on Sept. 11 th*‣Harvested: 4, 5, and 6 WAT*Rainfall – 0.2” occurred 1 HAT, followed by 0.3”on 9/12 and 1.5” on 9/13.

6 WAT ResponseControlTreated280TRS (lbs/T)260240220200384 540 128 988 226 233Variety

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response toGlyphosate <strong>Ripener</strong>- 2006, 2007• Roundup WeatherMAX (5.3 oz/acre)application dates:• August 9, 2006* August 10, 2007• September 5, 2006 September 7, 2007**• October 2, 2006 October 3, 2007• October 30, 2006 November 1, 2007• First-stubble stubble HoCP 96-540 for both tests* Rainfall occurred 7 hours after application (1.8” in 35 min.)** Rainfall occurred 7 hours after application (0.31” in 24 min.)

270250ControlHoCP 540 – First Stubble 2006Roundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)230TRS (lbs/ton)2101901701501301104 5 6 7 4 5 6 7 4 5 6 7 4 5 6 7Weeks after treatmentTreatment date:Aug 9Sep 5 Oct 2 Oct 30

270250ControlRoundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)HoCP 540 – First Stubble 2007230TRS (lbs/ton)2101901701501301104 5 6 7 4 5 6 7 4 5 6 7 4 5 6 7Weeks after treatmentTreatment date:Aug 10Sep 7 Oct 3 Nov 1

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>August 9-109th Application250ControlHoCP 96-540– First StubbleRoundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)TRS (lbs/ton)200150100***+31%***+34% +39%*** ***+25%5004 WAT 5 WAT 6 WAT 7 WAT* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>August 9-109th Application (5 WAT)TRS (lbs/ton)25020015010050ControlHoCP 96-540– First Stubble***+34%+16%Roundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)*** ***+26%***+73%0Whole Stalk Bottom Middle Top* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>August 9-109th Application (7 WAT)250ControlHoCP 96-540– First StubbleRoundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)*** ***TRS (lbs/ton)200150100***+25%***+27%+18%+29%***+94%500Billet Whole Stalk Bottom Middle Top* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01

Yield (lbs sugar/A)<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>August 9-109th Estimated Yield800070006000500040003000200010000ControlHoCP 96-540– First Stubble** ******+31%+16% +21%Roundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)4 5 6 7 Billet* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01Weeks after Treatment**+10%**+10%

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>September 5-75th Application250ControlHoCP 96-540– First StubbleRoundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)TRS (lbs/ton)200150100NS **+9%+6%**+6%5004 WAT 5 WAT 6 WAT 7 WAT* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>September 5-75th Application (5 WAT)TRS (lbs/ton)25020015010050+9%**Control***+12%Roundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)HoCP 96-540– First Stubble***+9%***+24%0Whole Stalk Bottom Middle Top* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>September 5-75th Application (7 WAT)250ControlHoCP 96-540– First StubbleRoundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)****200***+4%+8%TRS (lbs/ton)150100+9%+6%***+17%500Billet Whole Stalk Bottom Middle Top* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01

Yield (lbs sugar/A)<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>September 5-75th Estimated Yield9000800070006000500040003000200010000ControlHoCP 96-540– First StubbleNSNSRoundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)**4 5 6 7 Billet* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01+24%Weeks after TreatmentNSNS

TRS (lbs/ton)<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>October 2 nd -3 rd Application28024020016012080400ControlHoCP 96-540– First Stubble***+15%***Roundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)*** **4 WAT 5 WAT 6 WAT 7 WAT* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01+11% +12%+7%

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>October 2 nd – 3 rdApplication (5WAT)TRS (lbs/ton)28024020016012080400**+11%Control**+7%Roundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)HoCP 96-540– First Stubble**Whole Stalk Bottom Middle Top* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01+7%***+47%

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>October 2 nd – 3 rd Application (7 WAT)TRS (lbs/ton)28024020016012080400HoCP 96-540**+4%Control540 – First Stubble**+7%Roundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)*** ***Billet Whole Stalk Bottom Middle Top* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01+8%+11%***+23%

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>October 2 nd -3 rd Estimated Yield1200010000HoCP 96-540NSControl540 – First RatoonNSRoundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)NSNSNSYield (lbs sugar/A)800060004000200004 5 6 7 Billet* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01Weeks after Treatment

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>November 1 st Application280240200HoCP 96-540NSControl540 – First StubbleNSRoundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)NSNSTRS (lbs/ton)160120804004 WAT 5 WAT 6 WAT 7 WAT* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>November 1 st Application (5WAT)280240200ControlHoCP 96-540– First StubbleNSNSRoundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)NSNSTRS (lbs/ton)16012080400Whole Stalk Bottom Middle Top* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01

<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>November 1 st Application (7(7 WAT)HoCP 96-540– First Stubble280240200NSNSControlRoundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)NSNSNSTRS (lbs/ton)16012080400Billet Whole Stalk Bottom Middle Top* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01

Yield (lbs sugar/A)<strong>Sugarcane</strong> Response to <strong>Ripener</strong>November 1 st Estimated Yield14000120001000080006000400020000NSNSControlHoCP 96-540– First StubbleNSRoundup WeatherMax (5.3 oz/A)4 5 6 7 Billet* = p < 0.10; ** = p < 0.05; *** = p < 0.01Weeks after TreatmentNS**+9%

Late-seasonRipening - Plant-caneResponse (2005/06)TRS ( (Lbs/TC Lbs/TC)255250245240235230225AAAA384 384R 988 988R 540 540R 128 128RTRS 250 250 233 241 251 240 249 246WeatherMAX applied at 5.3 oz/A on October 20 thPlots chopper harvested on Dec. 1 st (42 DAT)AA(p

Late-seasonRipening - Plant-caneResponse (2005/06)Sugar yield (Lbs/A)14000125001100095008000AAAA384 384R 988 988R 540 540R 128 128RSUGAR 9240 8890 10700 10650 13200 12200 11640 12050AA(p

Residue and <strong>Ripener</strong>s

First-Stubble Response to Plant-caneApplications (2006/07) – Combined ResponseSugar yield (Lbs/A)14000130001200011000100009000No ripenerabbc<strong>Ripener</strong>(p

Glyphosate Alternatives – First Stubble220HoCP-9696-540: Applied: Sept 6, 2007 (6 WAT) a210abTRS (lbs/T)200190cbccccbc180170160Nontreated6 oz 1 oz 10.9 oz 13.6 oz 19 oz 5.3 oz 7.1 ozArsenal AccentPalisade WeatherMAX

250240230L 97-128:4 WAT (Oct 3)Applied: Sept 5, 2007220TRS (lbs/T)210200190180170ddcdcdbcdabcaab160150Nontreated10.8 oz 13.6 oz 19 oz 27.2 oz 5.75 oz 7.7 oz 9.6 ozPalisadeTouchdownTotal

250240230L 97-128:6 WAT (Oct 18)Applied: Sept 5, 2007abaa220bcTRS (lbs/T)210200190cdcdd180170e160150Nontreated10.8 oz 13.6 oz 19 oz 27.2 oz 5.75 oz 7.7 oz 9.6 ozPalisadeTouchdownTotal

250240230220L 97-128:8 WAT (Nov 1)Applied: Sept 5, 2007bbbbabaaaTRS (lbs/T)210200190180170160150Nontreated10.8 oz 13.6 oz 19 oz 27.2 oz 5.75 oz 7.7 oz 9.6 ozPalisadeTouchdownTotal

Questions?

Effect of Treatment to Harvest Intervalfor Glyphosate <strong>Ripener</strong>s• Roundup WeatherMAX 5.3 oz/A• HoCP 96-540 first stubble sugarcane• Three harvest dates (chopperharvester)• October 9, 2007• November 14, 2007• December 18, 2007• Four treatment to harvest intervals• Applied 4, 5, 6, 7 weeks before harvestdates• Compared to non-treated sugarcane

Rainfree period following applicationOctober 9 harvest application dates:August 21>24 hoursAugust 28 2 hours (0.58”)September 4 11 hours (0.01”)September 11 2.5 hours (0.18”)November 14 harvest application dates:September 25 3.5 hours (0.37”)October 2> 24 hoursOctober 9> 24 hoursOctober 16 1 hour (0.02”)December 18 harvest application dates:November 1>24 hoursNovember 8>24 hoursNovember 14>24 hoursNovember 22>24hours

1400013000October 9 Harvest (HoCP 96-540 1 st Stubble)Sugar yield (lbs/acre)120001100010000900080007000babaaba6000Treatment date:Control 4 5 6 7Treatment to Harvest IntervalSep 11*Sep4 Aug 28* Aug 21

1400013000November 14 Harvest HoCP 96-540 1 st StubbleSugar yield (lbs/acre)12000110001000090008000aaa a a70006000Control 4 5 6 7Treatment to Harvest IntervalTreatment date: Oct 16Oct 9 Oct 2 Sep 25*

Sugar yield (lbs/acre)1400013000120001100010000900080007000December 18 Harvest HoCP 96-540 1 st Stubblea aa aa6000Treatment date:Control 4 5 6 7Treatment to Harvest IntervalNov 22Nov 14 Nov 8 Nov 1

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