Directory of Traditional Building Skills - Mourne Heritage Trust

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Sub-Contractor - JOINERYCastle Contracts – p. 52T Chambers & Sons (Enniskillen) Ltd. –p. 64William Dowling Ltd. – p. 66J S Dunlop Ltd. – p. 56Roy Hanna & Sons – p. 63Francis Haughey – p. 54Noel Killen – p. 61Joseph McClune & Sons – p. 57Felix O’Hare – p. 53Hugh J. O’Boyle Ltd. – p. 55McAleer & Teague – p. 60The Oldbuilders Company – p. 104TA Hewitt Building & Joinery – p. 65Victorian lattice glazed shop-front in need of repair100
6 PLASTERWORK AND RENDERSUntil the 1930s lime based plasters were standard and so most old buildings are plasteredinternally with three coat lime plaster, either directly onto the brick or stone (on the hard) or onhorizontal laths on timber framing or joists. The backing coats were generally reinforced withhair or vegetable fibres (fibrous plaster) especially the fine, run (made in situ) cornices whichwere common even in modest buildings. Decorative plasterwork of the eighteenth andnineteenth century can be quite stunning.Excessive movement in weakening ceiling joists causes cracks, and damp penetration cancrumble the surface. Both problems cause the plaster to detach from the laths and eventuallyfall off. Lath and plaster ceilings and walls are difficult to patch and much fine plasterwork hasbeen lost through lack of timely maintenance. Rot in supporting timbers has long been theexcuse for wholesale stripping out of plaster but non-destructive methods are possiblecombined with the removal of the source of the problem and the insertion, where necessary, ofventilating voids. At the very least cornices and ceiling roses can be securely fixed and repairedin situ.Cornices, roses and other features are all available as pre-formed mouldings and goodplasterers can make up and repair run mouldings. Most fibrous plaster companies can replicatethe patterns of cornices and ceiling roses from damaged work or make models fromcontemporary properties.For repairs to ordinary, as well as more important, historic buildings plaster made from limeputty and fine sand should be used. In certain circumstances, for example where a wall is verydamp, it may, however, be expedient to use a bagged, lime based plaster, such as Limelite fromTilcon which retains some degree of ‘breathability’ and flexibility after setting.External renders vary from simple work lined out to resemble stonework, to elaborate stuccopilaster cornices and mouldings. Early examples are in lime based render but by the midnineteenthcentury ‘Roman Cement’, a naturally occurring clay and lime mix, was the mostcommon material; it is not available today.Renders are subject to thermal stresses and movements in the building fabric. In order toaccommodate such movement without cracking and to allow water which is drawn into thefabric to evaporate off, renders, like plasters, should always be lime based. The addition ofcement as a gauging material, although common place, is not generally regarded as goodconservation practice. In any event, the proportion of cement to lime should not exceed 1:2. Ifthe mix is too cement strong, it will crack, let in water which is unable to escape and eventuallydetach from the wall.Many renders contain a stone aggregate. Dry dash, or pebble dash, where the stones are flungon to the wet base coat, is an inappropriate finish for any historic building. A traditional wetdash, where the aggregate is mixed into the render before it is applied to the wall is moresuitable. The exact size and type of stone and the texture and colour of the sand used is criticaland should be matched to the original work where possible.Traditional smooth rendered walls, sometimes with ‘ashlar’ lines marking the ‘courses’ toresemble stone, were intended to be painted, unless it was already self-coloured by the additionof coloured sands in the render mix.101
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IIThe Square, Killough, County Down
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If you are professionally involved
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CONTENTSForewordIntroductionDos and
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INTRODUCTIONIt is reassuring to rea
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DOS AND DON’TS IN MAINTAINING AN
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Any significant structural problems
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Window maintenance at Belfast City
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MGCMICEMIWEMMRIAINHBCNTPVC-UReg. Ar
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Telephone:Email:Website:Consultant
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Telephone:Email:Consultant - ARCHIT
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Telephone:Consultant - ARCHITECTJoh
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Telephone:Consultant - ARCHITECTLar
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Telephone:Email:Consultant - BUILDI
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Telephone:Email:Consultant - ENVIRO
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Telephone:Email:Consultant - QUANTI
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Telephone:Email:Consultant - MULTI-
Page 67 and 68: Consultant - ARCHITECTStone Conserv
Page 69 and 70: Telephone:Email:Website:MAIN CONTRA
Page 71 and 72: Telephone:Email:MAIN CONTRACTORFeli
Page 73 and 74: Telephone:Email:MAIN CONTRACTORHugh
Page 75 and 76: Telephone:MAIN CONTRACTORJoseph McC
Page 77 and 78: Telephone:Email:MAIN CONTRACTORMart
Page 79 and 80: Telephone:MAIN CONTRACTORNoel Kille
Page 81 and 82: Telephone:MAIN CONTRACTORRoy Hanna
Page 83 and 84: Telephone:Email:MAIN CONTRACTORTA H
Page 85 and 86: 1 MASONRY - STONE AND BRICKDressed,
Page 87 and 88: Whilst building or repairing rubble
Page 89 and 90: e) ConsolidantsChemical consolidant
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Page 95 and 96: 2 ROOFING - SLATING, TILING AND THA
Page 97 and 98: Telephone:Sub-Contractor - SLATING
Page 99 and 100: Sub-Contractor - SLATING &ROOFINGCa
Page 101 and 102: Telephone:Sub-Contractor - LEADWORK
Page 103 and 104: Sub-Contractor - LEADWORKT Chambers
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Page 109 and 110: Sub-Contractor - IRONMONGERY &METAL
Page 111 and 112: Window shutters and glazing in need
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Page 121 and 122: Telephone:Sub-Contractor - PLASTERW
Page 123 and 124: Sub-Contractor - PLASTERWORKCastle
Page 125 and 126: Venetian window with coloured latti
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Page 133 and 134: Sub-Contractor - TILES & TILINGCast
Page 135 and 136: 9 PAINTWORKPaint has long been used
Page 137 and 138: 10 FITTINGSPerhaps in Ireland more
Page 141 and 142: Telephone:Sub-Contractor - WOODCARV
Page 143 and 144: Sub-Contractor - CABINETMAKINGWilli
Page 145 and 146: Large chimneys are divided into mul
Page 147 and 148: Telephone:Sub-Contractor - REMEDIAL
Page 149 and 150: 12 SERVICESThe introduction of any
Page 151 and 152: 13 SPECIALIST SURVEYS & PHOTOGRAPHY
Page 155 and 156: SUPPLIERS137
Page 157 and 158: Telephone:Email:Website:Supplier -
Page 159 and 160: Telephone:Email:Supplier - LIME PUT
Page 161 and 162: Telephone:Email:Supplier - RAINWATE
Page 167 and 168: Appendix 1: FURTHER READINGThe foll
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The Georgian Group6 Fitzroy SquareL
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Historic ScotlandLongmore HouseSali
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Appendix 2: GRANTS AND OTHER ASSIST
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Appendix 3: USEFUL ADDRESSES AND CO
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Building Preservation TrustsAdvice
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Department of Agriculture and Rural
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INDEX OF CRAFTSMEN, FIRMS, PRACTICE
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INDEX OF SKILLS AND SPECIALISMSArch
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Directory of Traditional Building Skills - Mourne Heritage Trust

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