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2.3.4 European Environment Agency (EEA)The EEA is the EU body dedicated to providing sound, independent information onthe environment. It is a main information source for those involved in developing,adopting, implementing and evaluating environmental policy, and for the generalpublic.Indicators are an important tool in the EEA’s work for assessing progress towardsenvironmental protection and sustainable development. The EEA's indicator workcovers the environmental aspect of sustainable development and is based on the socalledDPSIR assessment framework (Driving forces, Pressures, State of theenvironment, Impacts, and societal Responses).The EEA has developed a set of about 25 indicators for energy and environment thatare updated regularly. In line with the EEA’s mandate, these indicators have more ofan environmental emphasis than those of the IEA or Eurostat 9 and, taken together,allow assessment of progress towards environmental integration in Europe by energysector. The indicators describe the development of the sector in Europe andimplications for the environment and related policy actions. The indicators cover notonly the current situation, but also trends and prospects; most importantly, they pointto the conditions for change that are needed for progress towards a more sustainableenergy policy that benefits the environment.9More information on the work of the EEA on energy and environment indicators is available athttp://themes.eea.eu.int/Sectors_and_activities/energy, including the EU’s first report(http://reports.eea.eu.int/environmental_issue_report_2002_31/en).10
3. ENERGY INDICATORS FOR SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTThe indicators in the Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development (EISD) core setare discussed in this chapter according to dimensions, themes and sub-themesfollowing the same conceptual framework used by the United Nations Commission onSustainable Development (CSD). Table 3.1 lists the indicators that make up the EISDcore set. There are 30 indicators, classified into three dimensions (social, economicand environmental). These are further classified into 7 themes and 19 sub-themes.Note that some indicators can be classified in more than one dimension, theme or subtheme,given the numerous interlinkages among these categories. Also, each indicatormight represent a group of related indicators needed to assess a particular issue.Table 3.1: List of Energy Indicators for Sustainable DevelopmentSocialTheme Sub-theme Energy Indicator ComponentsEquityAccessibility SOC1 Share of households(or population)without electricity orcommercial energy,or heavily dependenton non-commercialenergyAffordability SOC2 Share of householdincome spent on fueland electricityDisparities SOC3 Household energyuse for each incomegroup and correspondingfuel mixHealth Safety SOC4 Accident fatalitiesper energy producedby fuel chain– Households (or population)without electricity orcommercial energy, orheavily dependent on noncommercialenergy– Total number of householdsor population– Household income spent onfuel and electricity– Household income (totaland poorest 20% ofpopulation)– Energy use per householdfor each income group(quintiles)– Household income for eachincome group (quintiles)– Corresponding fuel mix foreach income group(quintiles)– Annual fatalities by fuelchain– Annual energy produced11
Page 2 and 3: Photos on the cover:D. Kinley, IAEA
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(d) International Targets/Recommend
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ASSESSMENT OF DATA(a) Data Needed t
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oilers and new electric appliances
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Disaggregated Intensities: Using th
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educe the environmental impacts of
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(d) Alternative Definitions/Indicat
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(c) International Conventions and A
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ECO12: Non-carbon energy share in e
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• IEA, 1990-2001. Energy Statisti
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ASSESSMENT OF DATA(a) Data Needed t
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connection to the electricity or ga
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Further problems include differing
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Re-exports of oil imported for proc
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(c) International Conventions and A
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does not show how much the climate
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• World Bank, various editions. W
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a time frame as possible so that lo
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ENV3: Air pollutant emissions from
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METHODOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION(a) Under
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In the first instance, countries sh
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ENV4-1: Contaminant discharges in l
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downstream. Contamination of fresh
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ENV4-2: Oil discharges into coastal
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(b) Measuring Methods: Estimates of
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Acidification is a priority atmosph
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national authorities under the CLRT
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United Nations Convention to Combat
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• Harcharik, D.A., 1995. Forest R
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indicator, radioactive waste and (s
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(b) Relevance to Sustainable Develo
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more easily available, as in many c
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Agency (IAEA). In 1995, the IAEA pu
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• Low- and intermediate-level rad
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ENV10: Ratio of solid radioactive w
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under development in some countries
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• IAEA, 1997. Joint Convention on
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EEA, 2002. Review of Selected Waste
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FAO, 1988. Energy Conservation in A
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IEA, 2000. The IEA Energy Indicator
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OECD, 2001. Key Environmental Indic
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UNEP/WHO, 1992. Urban Air Pollution
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RELATED INTERNET SITES• CONCAWE (
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• WEC (World Energy Council):http
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Particulates: Terms commonly associ
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TOCTPESTSPVOCtotal organic carbonto
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ANNEX 3: A DECOMPOSITION METHOD FOR
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Total Final ConsumptionHouseholds T
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Thus through calculating the relati
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Annex 4: Units and Conversion Facto
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