ANIMAL TISSUE - Career Point

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CAREER POINT .– In each 26.5 crores molecules of Hb are present– Molecular weigth of each molecule of haemoglobin 67,200.– In composition of RBC 60% H 2 O & 40% solid part is present. Only Hb. Constitutes 36% of total weightof RBC and 90% on of dry weight.HaemoglobinIt is composed of two components1. Heam - 5% Lipid part2. Globin - 95% Protein partHeam (Iron and Porphyrin)Iron Present in the form of Fe +2While in muscles myoglobin is present where iron is present in the form of Fe +3– Prophyrin is composed of Acetic acid and Glycene amino acid.– Each molecule of Hb carries 4 molecules of O 2– 1 gm Hb carries 1.34 ml O 2– 100 ml blood contain 15 gm Hb– 100 ml blood transport 20 ml O 2Globin: Each molecule of globin protein is composed of 4 polypeptide chains. Polypeptide chains are of 4 types.1. α polypeptide chain having 141 Amino Acids2. β polypeptide chain having 146 Amino Acids3. γ polypeptide chain having 146 Amino Acids4. δ polypeptide chain having 146 Amino AcidsOn the basis of these polypeptide chains 3 type of Hb are formed in human– Hb A (Adult Hb) – 2α + 2β– Hb A 2 (Adult-2) – 2α + 2δ– HbF (Foetal Hb) – 2α + 2γ(Oxygen binding capacity of foetal Hb is more than adult Hb)Size of RBCHuman – 7.5 µRabbit – 6.9 µFrog – 35 µ– Largest RBC– Amphiuma 75-80 µ (Class Amphibia)– Smallest RBC–Musk Deer 2.5µ. (Class Mammalia)– Largest RBC among all mammals in Elephant 9-11 µCorporate Office: CP Tower, IPIA, Road No.1, Kota (Raj.), Ph: 0744-3040000 (6 lines) ANIMAL TISSUE 32
CAREER POINT .– Change in the size of RBC is called as Anisocytosis– Due to Vit. B 12 deficiency RBC become larger in size called as Macrocytes. These are immatureRBC which are destroyed in spleen. In these RBCs amount of haemoglobin is normal.– Due to Fe deficiency RBC become smaller in size called as Microcytes. They are also destroyed inspleen. In these RBCs amount of haemoglobin is less.Shape of RBC –– Biconcave– Change in the shape of RBC is called as Poikilcoytosis.– Uremia-RBC become irregular in shape.– Sickle cell anaemia-RBC become sickle shaped.– If RBC is kept in Hypertonic solution it will shrink (crenation).– In Hypotonic solution it will burst.– 0.8-1% NaCl solution is isotonic for RBC. (0.9% of NaCl)– 80-100 mg% of glucose is also isotonic.Life span of RBCRBC countHuman – 120 daysNew Born Baby – 100 daysRabbit – 80 daysFrog – 100 daysAvg. life span of RBC in all mammals 120-127 days.Radioactive chrominum method is used to estimate life span of RBCNumber of RBC in per cubic mm of blood is called RB count.Human (Male) 5.5 million 15.5 ± 2.5 g/dlHuman (Female) 4.5 million 14.0 ± 2.5 g/dlNewly born babyRabbitFrog6.8 million7 million0.4 million16.5 ± 3.0 g/dl– Increase in the RBC count condition is called polycythemia. This condition occurs at hill station.– Decrease in RBC count condition is called Anaemia.1. Macrocytic Normochromic anaemia – Due to Vit. B 12 deficiency macroytes are formed which aredestroyed in spleen. In Macrocytes % of Hb is normal.2. Microcytic/Hypochromic anaemia – Due to Fe deficiency microcytes are formed.3. Normocytic/Normochromic Anaemia – Excess blood loss.Corporate Office: CP Tower, IPIA, Road No.1, Kota (Raj.), Ph: 0744-3040000 (6 lines) ANIMAL TISSUE 33
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Page 15 and 16: CAREER POINT .In Rabbit seat glands
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Page 44 and 45: CAREER POINT .RH FACTOR- Discovered
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ANIMAL TISSUE - Career Point

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