The Sports Goods Sector in Pakistan - TRTA i

More documents

Recommendations

Info

equirements for the components of footwear; test methods and terminology for the wholeshoe; and the environmental aspects of footwear. These standards concern the end use offootwear. ISO/TC 216 is working on extending the CEN/TC 309 Standardisation worldwide.Its work excludes footwear for professional use (already covered by ISO/TC 94) and the sizingsystem designation and marking for boots and shoes (dealt with by ISO/TC 137).In the children's footwear sector, the European industry works with support from medicaland scientific circles on the development of consumer information to identify goodqualitychildren's shoes, in order to avoid health problems.Trade-related environmental, social, health and safety issuesThe following paragraphs concerning environmental, social, health and safety issues arederived from Access Guide, CBI's on-line database on non-tariff trade barriers atwww.cbi.nl/accessguide.Product legislationNow the most important environmental and health issue in the footwear trade is productlegislation. EU product legislation on environmental and consumer health and safety issues iscompulsory, therefore of the utmost importance. For example, legal requirements ondangerous substances such as certain Azo dyes splitting off carcinogenic amines. In theAccess Guide, an analysis of all necessary EU requirements, applicable in all EUcountries, includes Azo dyes in footwear, nickel, cadmium, PCB/PCT and asbestos. Inaddition, legislative requirements in Germany (Azo dyes, formaldehyde, PCP, chromium,disperse dyes, dioxins and furans) and The Netherlands (azo dyes, formaldehyde intextiles with skin contact, PCP) are outlined when they are additional to the EU legislation.These two countries are highlighted because they are relatively pro-active in their legislation.However, one thing important to mention here is that this does not imply there is noadditional relevant legislation in other EU countries.Most of the EU legislation mentioned is directly applicable to foreign firms supplying productsto a European country, for instance through their own foreign sales outlet. However, productsare often put on the market indirectly, through importers. In most cases, this makes theimporter responsible for the product. Importers might therefore encourage or even forceforeign suppliers to meet certain standards, for example through legally binding guarantees.All the above-mentioned product legislation applies to Pakistan manufacturing.Social requirements (labels, codes and management systems)Besides the legal requirements imposed by their own governments, exporters might beconfronted with social requirements that are requested by EU buyers. More and morecompanies have laid down minimum standards in the so-called codes of conduct, or use labelsand management systems to guarantee fair labour conditions. These social requirements aregaining importance in European markets and are becoming a precondition for internationaltrade.In the Access Guide, the most important requirements, including an indication of the marketimpacts, can also be found by typing in the keyword search such as international social22 International Trade Centre
66standards for textile and garments; ILO Conventions; SA8000 (International socialmanagement system).Occupational health and safety (OHS)Standards and methods have been developed because of the growing concern in Europe aboutthe local social conditions in which products are manufactured. OHS or labourconditions are an important issue when looking at the social standards that are more and morerequired for EU markets, especially in leather, occupational health and safety. Moreinformation can be found in the Access Guide.Environmental and consumer health and safety requirements (ESP, labels, codesand management systems)The environmental impact of leather, rubber and textile production is considerable.Environmental criteria are (among others) fire retardants, pigments and heavy metals in thevarious materials used to manufacture footwear. Several measures can be taken to reduce thisenvironmental impact. Environmentally sound production (ESP) measures in the productionprocess are not legally compulsory, as is EU product legislation, but you might be confrontedwith these requirements if they are requested by EU buyers. The environmental effects ofleather can be limited by specifying criteria for chromium emissions to water, emission oforganic solvents (e.g. with water-based finishes) and emission of wastewater (via a biologicalwater treatment plant). This also applies to the criteria with regard to the emission of organicsolvents, bleaching with chlorine-containing agents, treatment of the wastewater for textile andplastic leg and lining materials used. Environmental criteria can also be specified forplastic sole materials and rubber. There are many instruments, which are used like labels,hallmarks, management systems and codes of conduct. The number of ecolabels in thefootwear sector is limited and some of them have only a small market impact. Detailedinformation on these requirements can be found in the Access Guide.Packaging, size marking and labellingPackagingCare must be given to the packaging of products if one intends to export to the EU countries.It is obvious that packaging must be travel-resistant. As required, products should also beprotected against the elements, changes of temperature, rough handling and theft. Besides thesebasic issues, some importers may have specific demands concerning packaging, likeinformation concerning the order printed on the boxes (order number, box number, namedepartment or contact person etc.).For environmental reasons packaging made from materials like PVC is less popular withconsumers and in some cases is or will be forbidden by governments. Exporters in developingcountries should be prepared to discuss this issue with potential clients and should anticipatethe cost of special packaging in their selling price, if required.The European Directive on Packaging and Packaging Waste (94/62/EC) establishesoverall legislation for the treatment of packaging waste, which consists of quantitativeobjectives to be achieved by each of the EU member states. The member states haveresponsibility for translating the directive into national legislation.International Trade Centre 23
Page 1: The Footwear Sector in Pakistan—
Page 7: Table of contentsAcknowledgementsAb
Page 10 and 11: the interest of buyers has dropped
Page 12 and 13: 4 International Trade Centre
Page 14 and 15: • Recommendations aimed at indivi
Page 16 and 17: Production capacitySince the data a
Page 18 and 19: Figure 2.1 Footwear manufacturing p
Page 20 and 21: No. Activity Information Input requ
Page 22 and 23: Table 2.2 Price trade structureRaw
Page 24 and 25: WholesalerIs an importer/stockist w
Page 26 and 27: oth. The employees also enjoy 14 da
Page 28 and 29: Duty drawback rates at 9/11 in 2001
Page 32 and 33: It is becoming increasingly difficu
Page 34 and 35: Table 2.6 Product classifications r
Page 36 and 37: HS codeProduct categoryValueUS$’0
Page 38 and 39: Table 2.10 Pakistan’s major impor
Page 40 and 41: setting design niches. China’s ma
Page 42 and 43: 640320 - Leather slippersLeather sl
Page 44 and 45: Table 2.12 United States tariffs ap
Page 46 and 47: Table 2.14 Japan tariffs applied to
Page 48 and 49: Much of the rubber is sourced from
Page 50 and 51: One needs to keep in mind, of cours
Page 52 and 53: were of Italian origin in 2005. Thi
Page 54 and 55: since the Chinese footwear exports
Page 56 and 57: • To endeavour with other recogni
Page 58 and 59: 3.1.3 Functional scopeThe functiona
Page 60 and 61: correctly in a state of suspended a
Page 62 and 63: Ministerial Decision on Notificatio
Page 64 and 65: Demand for proactive supportive rol
Page 66 and 67: Figure 3.3 Relevance intensity of t
Page 68 and 69: However, all these exceptions are a
Page 70 and 71: Relevance for the footwear sectorTr
Page 72 and 73: include the Ministry of Commerce, M
Page 74 and 75: Agreement on Trade-Related Investme
Page 76 and 77: Agreement on safeguardsThis agreeme
Page 78 and 79: and removal of import quotas, impor
Page 80 and 81:
Table 3.2: Top 10 buyers of Pakista
Page 82 and 83:
GermanyGermany is the fifth export
Page 84 and 85:
4 Obstacles and shortcomings to exp
Page 86 and 87:
Training institute/ human resources
Page 88 and 89:
• The European Union should give
Page 90 and 91:
Marketing• Market research• Fai
Page 92 and 93:
Bilateral trade committeesA large n
Page 94 and 95:
• Sponsors trade delegates to des
Page 96 and 97:
6 Conclusion and recommendations6.1
Page 98 and 99:
6.2 The way forward - if we had a m
Page 100 and 101:
Most of the members do not have an
Page 102 and 103:
SimilarprojectsFDDI: Footwear Desig
Page 104 and 105:
• The upper now needs to be given
Page 106 and 107:
98 International Trade Centre
Page 108:
M/s Five Star Marketing LtdM/s Foot
show all

The Sports Goods Sector in Pakistan - TRTA i

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?