<strong>Michigan</strong> <strong>South</strong> <strong>Asian</strong> <strong>Feb</strong>ruary <strong>2010</strong> Page 18Legal SPCIALTips for Surviving Long Pending Adjustment of Status ApplicationsTips for Surviving Long PendingAdjustment of Status ApplicationsIt is a sad fact that unless Congresspasses legislation to allowrecapture of unused employment-basedvisa numbers, orcomes up with another solution,many foreign nationals willcontinue to be stuck in adjustmentof status limbo. As of<strong>Feb</strong>ruary <strong>2010</strong>, The EB-3 categoryis backlogged to 2002(2001 for Indian nationals) andEB-2 is stuck at 2005 for Indiaand China nationals.Here are some tips (and resources)for those waiting fortheir priority dates to becomecurrent:“Free” I-765 and I-131 renewals.If you paid $1010 (or $930for a child under 14 filing separately,or $600 together with theparent) for your adjustment ofstatus filing fee, there is no feefor extensions on your I-765,and I-131. In order to ensureyou are not charged this fee,include a copy of your I-485receipt notice showing thatyou paid the fee, also provingthe case was filed on or after7/30/2007. Note that you willhave to “paper file” this, as e-filing requires payment of the$340 fee. See the “Renewal”note on page 7 of the USCISinstructions to form I-765here: http://www.uscis.gov/files/form/i-765instr.pdfTwo Year EADs. USCISshould issue your EAD extensionfor two years, when yourpriority date is not currentas of filing the extension application,and your I-140 hasbeen approved. For more detailsfrom USCIS on two yearEAD extensions, see: http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=62ae15d3ffd7a110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=68439c7755cb9010VgnVCM10000045f-3d6a1RCRDProtection for Aging OutChildren. One great concernfor those interminably waitingfor their adjustment of statusapplications to be approved isthe status of their children, andensuring that they do not fallout of status. Congress enactedthe Child Status ProtectionAct (“CSPA”) in recognitionof the fact that long waits forpriority dates caused childrento age out, and consequentlyforced families to make painfuldecisions about splittingup, and relocating. For thosewhose children will turn 21 whiletheir adjustments are pending, theCSPA provides some protectionto their statuses, and “freezes”their age, if certain timeframesand conditions are met.Basically, for an employmentbasedadjustment of status case,the CSPA freezes children’s ageson the date the priority date firstbecomes current. Then, the timebetween filing and approval ofthe I-140 may be subtracted fromtheir age. This protection onlyapplies if the child seeks LPRstatus (files an I-485 or beginsconsular processing) within oneyear of the visa availability date(which is generally the prioritydate on the principal’s petition).For more details on generallyapplying the CSPA formula, seehttp://travel.state.gov/visa/laws/telegrams/telegrams_1369.htmlFor those employment-baseddependent children who do notmeet this criteria, and who doage out according to the formula,there is an automatic conversionprovision, which automaticallyconverts the child to the appropriate2nd preference family-basedcategory, retaining the principal’soriginal priority date. For moredetails on the mechanics of theCSPA, see: http://www.legalactioncenter.org/sites/default/files/pa-cspa_0.pdfChanging Employers WhileAdjustment is Pending. Manyforeign nationals waiting foradjudication of their adjustmentshave already taken advantageof the American Competitivenessin the Twenty-FirstCentury Act of 2000 (“AC21”)“job flexibility” provision (alsoknown as “permanent portability”).This law allows for ultimateapproval of adjustment ofstatus in cases where foreignnationals change jobs. Theconditions are:• The I-485 has beenfiled and remained un-adjudicatedfor 180 days or more;• The new job is in thesame or similar occupationalclassification as the job forwhich the petition was filed;and,• The I-140 for the initialemployer is ultimately approved.You should be sure to analyzethe position description setforth in the original I-140, andcompare it with the “new” position.If you can document thatthe two jobs fall under the sameDictionary of OccupationalTitles or O*Net position, the“same or similar” test shouldbe met.There are differing opinionson whether CIS must be notifiedof the change, or whetherone should wait for an RFErequesting details on the similarityof the jobs. You shouldmore strongly consider addressingthe issue up frontshould an employment changeinvolve changing home addresses(in addition to filingAR-11s for the entire family,and separately notifying US-CIS on each I-485 and relatedcase). Whether you choose tofile at the time you change jobs,or wait for an RFE, a carefullydocumented analysis prior totaking the mew position is thebest protection. See the followingUSCIS AC21 guidance formore details: http://www.uscis.gov/files/pressrelease/AC21Intrm122705.pdfDan Maranci is head of the Immigration& Global MigrationGroup in Verrill Dana’s BostonOffice. He represents nationaland multinational corporations,higher education and healthcareinstitutions, startups, and individualsin a broad variety of immigrationmatters.Effects of Divorce or Separation on your Immigration StatusBy Hanishi T. AliThis article provides basic informationabout the effects ofdivorce or legal separation onone’s immigration status wherea foreigner marries a US citizen(USC) or a legal permanentresident (LPR) and is given animmigrant benefit because ofthe marriage. Where a couple iscontemplating divorce or separation,it is important for theforeign spouse to understandthe impact a divorce or separationcan have on his or herimmigration status. It shouldalso be pointed out that marriageto a USC does not automaticallyconfer any typeof immigration status on theforeign spouse.Divorce decree obtained beforeGreen Card:Where a foreign spouse is attemptingto obtain permanentresidency through the sponsorshipof his or her USCspouse or LPR spouse as a resultof marriage to him or herand a divorce decree is grantedbefore the foreign spouse has obtaineda green card, then the foreignspouse cannot be granted thegreen card because technicallythe divorce has ended the legalmarriage and the foreign spousecannot be granted the green cardbased on marriage.Divorce granted after foreignspouse receives Green Card:a. Where a divorce isgranted after the foreign spouseobtains a green card (now calledan immigrant spouse), it does notchange/ invalidate a grantedgreen card where the immigrantspouse has been married to theUSC for three years or moreand has received an unconditionalgreen card. However, theforeign spouse may have to wait5 years to apply for naturalization.b. Where a foreignspouse is married to the USCfor a short time (two years orless) and a conditional greencard has been granted, the implicationcan be very different.Generally, when the spouse atthe expiry of the conditionalresidency period applies for afull permanent residence it canbe granted, if the spouses arestill married. However, if a divorcedecree has been obtained,then the immigrant spouse’sconditional permanent residentstatus can be terminated and s/he can lose his/her immigrantstatus.(Continued on Page 19)
Page 19 <strong>Feb</strong>ruary <strong>2010</strong> <strong>Michigan</strong> <strong>South</strong> <strong>Asian</strong>Effects of Divorce or Separationon your Immigration Status(Continued from page 18)In certain circumstances, itmay, however, be possible for aspouse to obtain a waiverSeparation:Separation can mean either legalseparation or physical separation.Physical separation, i.e.spouses living apart, or legalseparation, i.e. a court orderor a written agreement directingor authorizing the spousesto live separate and apart, ingeneral, does not in itself constitutetermination of the marriagefor immigration purposes.In some states, however, legalseparation can constitute terminationof marriage for immigrationpurposes and the USCISmay deny a green card in caseswhere the parties entered into avalid marriage, but have sinceobtained a legal separation priorto the final adjudication of thegreen-card.If any of the above describedsituations is applicable to youor whether you are contemplatingseparation or divorce, it isrecommended that you discussyour circumstances with an experiencedimmigration attorneywho can help you understandthe implications and guide youabout your best options.Hanishi Ali is an internationalbusiness and immigration attorneyand can be reached at 617-500-3233.Read <strong>Michigan</strong><strong>South</strong><strong>Asian</strong>DNA/Specific Blood Group Antigen TestingAmerican Association of Blood Banks(AABB) laboratory reporting results(Continued from page 1)These foreign nationals, withfew exceptions**, must presenta valid passport, a validnonimmigrant visa issued byan American Consul, and a current,original approval noticeissued by the Immigration Serviceon Form I-797.There are many situationswhere the expiration date of theConsular-issued visa is earlierthan the expiration date of themost recent I-797 approval notice.The applicant is entitledto be admitted to the expirationdate of the Form I-797 ApprovalNotice provided the passportis valid for at least six monthsbeyond the requested date.This is the date that should beentered by the Customs Officeron the new Form I-94 that is issuedand stapled into the applicant’spassport.Immigration Parentage Testing1-800-996-9016Email: aabbtest@aol.comMaintaining a Valid I-94If the nonimmigrant worker re-USCISmains in the U.S. beyond theperiod of time indicated on theForm I-94 issued at the timeof last entry, he/she will be illegallyin the U.S. with all theattendant consequences. Thisis true even if they have a validForm I-797 with a later expirationdate.Here are a two of the most commonexamples where this islikely to occur-there are others:Example 1: The H-1 applicanthas a Consular-issued visa validonly until <strong>Feb</strong>ruary, <strong>2010</strong>. Becausehe and his employer filedfor and were granted an extensionof stay prior to his departure,he has a new Form I-797Approval Notice valid untilDecember, 2011. However, atCustoms he presents the old approvalnotice with a <strong>Feb</strong>ruary,<strong>2010</strong> expiration date. He willonly be admitted to that date.• If he does not plan totravel abroad again prior to theexpiration of this Form I-94,he and his employer must filea new H-1 petition and requestfor extension of stay right awayin order to maintain legal status.• If he does plan to travelabroad again prior to the <strong>Feb</strong>ruary,<strong>2010</strong>expiration of thisForm I-94, he can seek reentryduring the limited period oftime that the Consular visa remainsvalid, being sure to presentthe correct Approval Noticeupon his return.• If he does travelabroad again prior to the expirationof this Form I-94, but willnot return until after the Consularvisa has expired, he mustmake arrangements to apply fora new entry visa at an AmericanConsulate abroad before returning.Example 2: The H-1 applicanthas a Consular-issued visavalid until July, <strong>2010</strong>. Becausehe changed jobs recently, hepresents a new Form I-797Approval Notice from his newemployer valid until December,2011. He should be admitteduntil December 2011. Ifhis Form I-94 is mistakenlyissued with an expiration dateof July, <strong>2010</strong>, he must have hisemployer apply for an extensionof stay by filing a new H-1Petition prior to July, <strong>2010</strong>,unless, as above, he will betravelling abroad again beforethe Form I-94 expires. If heremains in the U.S. beyondJuly, <strong>2010</strong> in reliance on theForm I-797, he will be in theU.S. illegally.It matters not whether the mistakeis made by the applicant(by presenting the wrong approvalnotice) or the CustomsOfficer (in failing to grant theproper period of time). Ineither case, the applicant isbound by the date on the FormI-94 issued at the time of lastarrival-and must take correctiveaction in order to maintainlegal status.*Form I-94: this is the Arrival-Departure Record whichis filled out by the travelerenroute to the U.S. and thenpresented to the Customs Officerwith their passport andForm I-797 Approval Notice.Once the decision is madeto admit the applicant to theU.S., the Customs Officer willwrite the Class of Admission(e.g. H-1B or L-1A) and thedate to which admitted on thedocument and staple a portionin the passport. Remaining inthe U.S. beyond this date is aviolation of law.**Special rules govern brieftravel to Canada or Mexicoonly.MENCANCOOK!Email your recipe withyour photos and seeyourself in printInfo@<strong>Michigan</strong>southasian.com