ISSN 2249-6343International Journal of Computer Technology <strong>and</strong> Electronics Engineering (IJCTEE)Volume 2, Issue 2False Acceptance Rate (FAR): Also the first sample of eachfinger in the database is matched against the first sample ofthe remaining fingers to compute the False Acceptance Rate.evaluate the computing efficiency for the two enhancementtechniques are Second Derivative of Gaussian Filter <strong>and</strong> FastFourier Transformation, <strong>and</strong> use the statistical method tocompare with performances of extraction minutiae. Theresult shows the better performance for the fingerprintenhancement is Second Derivative Of Gaussian Filter. All theexperiments are performed in a Intel core I5 2.30GHz PC.We use databases of FVC2004.ACKNOWLEDGMENTThe authors would like to thanks Raymond Thai forproviding a useful report on fingerprint image enhancement.Also I would be very thankful to Shlomo Greenberg, MayerAladjem, Daniel Kogan <strong>and</strong> Itshak Dimitrov, KeokanlayaSihalath, Somsak Choomchuay, Shatoshi Wada, JiangangCheng, Jie Tian, <strong>and</strong> Kazuhiko Hamamoto for their studypapers regarding fingerprint image enhancement. Also theauthor would like to welcome any comments <strong>and</strong> suggestionsfrom the anonymous reviewers.Table 1 False Rejection Rate of <strong>Fingerprint</strong> template matchingusing SDG <strong>and</strong> FFTTable 2 False Acceptance Rate of <strong>Fingerprint</strong> templatematching using SDG <strong>and</strong> FFTVII. CONCLUSIONSA lot of work has been done in the area of fingerprint imageenhancement. But despite the existence of numerouscommercial fingerprint image identification/recognitionsystems there are still important challenges for furtherresearch.The problems such as wet, dry <strong>and</strong> normal conditions offingers, pressure of finger over the device are of significantimportance. This paper provides a recent advances infingerprint image enhancement techniques to improve therobustness of fingerprint image enhancement to change infinger position, finger condition <strong>and</strong> finger pressure. In thispaper, in order to explain various enhancements method, weREFERENCES[1] RaymondThai, “<strong>Fingerprint</strong> <strong>Image</strong> <strong>Enhancement</strong> <strong>and</strong> MinutiaeExtraction” 2003[2] Shlomo Greenberg, Mayer Aladjem, Daniel Kogan <strong>and</strong> ItshakDimitrov, “<strong>Fingerprint</strong> <strong>Image</strong> <strong>Enhancement</strong> using Filtering<strong>Techniques</strong>” .[3] Muhammad Umer Munir <strong>and</strong> Muhammad Younas Javed “<strong>Fingerprint</strong>Matching using Gabor Filters” .[4] Sharat Chikkerur, Alex<strong>and</strong>er N.Cartwright, Venu Govindaraju,“<strong>Fingerprint</strong> <strong>Enhancement</strong> Using STFT Analysis” preprintedsubmitted to Elsevier Science 2May 2006.[5] Keokanlaya Sihalath, Somsak Choomchuay, Shatoshi Wada, <strong>and</strong>Kazuhiko Hamamoto “<strong>Fingerprint</strong> <strong>Image</strong> <strong>Enhancement</strong> with SecondDerivative Gaussian Filter <strong>and</strong> Directional Wavelet Transform” 2010Second International Conference on Computer Engineering <strong>and</strong>Application .[6] Somsak Choomchuay, Keokanlaya Sihalath, “An Application ofSecond Derivative of Gaussian Filters in <strong>Fingerprint</strong> <strong>Image</strong><strong>Enhancement</strong>”, 978-1-4244-4713-8/ 2010 IEEE.[7] G.Z Yang, P. Burger, D.N. Firmin, <strong>and</strong> S.R. Underwood, “Structureadaptive anisotropic image filtering,” <strong>Image</strong> <strong>and</strong> Vision Computing,no.14, pp.135-145, 1996.[8] S. Greenberg, “Adaptive anisotropic filter applied for <strong>Fingerprint</strong>enhancement,” submited for publication, 1999[9] A. K. Jain, S. Prabhakar <strong>and</strong> L. Hong, "A Multichannel Approach to<strong>Fingerprint</strong> Classification", IEEE Transactions on PAMI, Vol.21,No.4, pp. 348-359, April 1999.[10] A. Ross, A. K. Jain, <strong>and</strong> J. Reisman, "A Hybrid <strong>Fingerprint</strong> Matcher",Pattern Recognition, Vol. 36, No. 7, pp. 1661-1673, 2003.[11] Q. Li, L. Zhang, J. You, D. Zhang, <strong>and</strong> P. Bhattacharya,”Dark LineDetection with Line Width Extraction,” Proc. of ICIP2008, pp.621-624.[12] F. Yue, W.Zuo, K.Wang, <strong>and</strong> D. Zhang, “A <strong>Performance</strong> Evaluation ofFilter Design <strong>and</strong> Coding Schemes for Palmprint Recognition,” Proc.Of ICPR 2008.[13] Somsak Choomchuay, Keokanlaya Sihalath, “An Application ofSecond Derivative of Gaussian Filters in <strong>Fingerprint</strong> <strong>Image</strong><strong>Enhancement</strong>:[14] Greenberg, S., Aladjem, M., Kogan, D. & Dimitrov, I. (2000)<strong>Fingerprint</strong> <strong>Image</strong> <strong>Enhancement</strong> using Filtering <strong>Techniques</strong>. 15thInternational Conference on pattern Recognition, Barcelona, vol. III,pp. 326–329.[15] Jiangang Cheng, Jie Tian, “<strong>Fingerprint</strong> enhancement with dyadicscale-space” , Pattern Recognition Letters 25 (2004) 1273–1284189
ISSN 2249-6343International Journal of Computer Technology <strong>and</strong> Electronics Engineering (IJCTEE)Volume 2, Issue 2[16] D. Mario <strong>and</strong> D. Maltoni, “Direct Gray-Scale Minutiae Detection In<strong>Fingerprint</strong>s,” IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis <strong>and</strong> Machine Intelligence,vol. 19, no. 1, pp.27-40, 1997[17] Y. He, J. Tang, X. Luo, <strong>and</strong> T. Zhang, “<strong>Image</strong> enhancement <strong>and</strong>minutiae matching in fingerprint verification,” Pattern RecognitionLetters, 24, 2003.[18] B. G. Sherlock, D. M. Monro, <strong>and</strong> K. Millard. “<strong>Fingerprint</strong>enhancement by directional Fourier Filtering,” IEEE Proceedings inVisual <strong>Image</strong> Signal Processing, 141(2):87– 94, April 1994.Sushama S. Patil is a scholar of M.Tech.(Software Engineering) atS.S.S.I.S.T., Sehore under R.G.T.U. Bhopal, India.She is working as lecturer in J.T.Mahajan College ofEngineering, Faizpur.Gajendra Singh Ch<strong>and</strong>el, H.O.D. of computer department of S.S.S.I.S.T.,Sehore, M.P. He has done his M.Tech. in Computer Scinece <strong>and</strong>Engg. From R.G.T.U., Bhopal, India.Ravindra Gupta Professor in computer department of S.S.S.I.S.T., Sehore,M.P. He has done his M.Tech. in Computer Scinece <strong>and</strong> Engg.From R.G.T.U., Bhopal, India.190
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