Development of...Continued from page 41FBRs, which are planned to be built alsoat the Kalpakkam site at later date.Japan just completed the Monjumodification work, the functional testingof the modified systems as well as theSafety Vessel of Indian PrototypeFast Breeder Reactor Lowered intoReactor Vault in Kalpakkam, Indiaentire system functional testing. Basedon a Japanese policy decision, the FastReactor Cycle Technology Development(FaCT) Project was launched aiming atthe commercialization of fast reactorcycle technology. The main developmentissues were identified (13 fast reactortechnology issues and 12 fuel cycleissues). Design studies and R&D ofinnovative technologies are in progress,with the twofold objective of providing,by 2010, the basis for deciding whichinnovative technologies to adopt, anddelivering, by 2015, the conceptualdesigns of demonstration and commercialfacilities.In Russia, the construction of theBN-800 fast reactor at Beloyarsk isprogressing. BN-800 commissioningis planned for 2014. In addition, R&Dprograms are pursued in several areassuch as the design of the BN 800 MOXfuelmanufacturing pilot plant, thedevelopment of advanced sodium cooledfast reactors development and the R&Don fast reactors with heavy liquid metalcoolant (lead-bismuth-cooled SVBR-100,lead-cooled BREST ОD 300, lead-cooledresearch fast reactor BIRS).Within the framework of a distincttrack in the GIF sodium-cooled fastreactor system research plan, the USAis preparing a small-size sodium-cooledmodular fast reactor concept whosecharacteristics are long life, proliferationresistance, inherent safety and potentialfor remote locations deployment. As faras lead-cooled fast reactor R&D, theUS focuses on a small-size concepts,like the lead-cooled secure transportableautonomous reactor (STAR) fuelled withnitride fuel.ConclusionsWith a 14% share, nuclear powercontributes significantly to the world’selectricity supply and has great potentialto expand, and to contribute to emergingneeds such as seawater desalination,hybrid electric vehicles and hydrogenproduction. Considerable developmentis on-going for new, advanced nuclearpower plants with competitive economicsand very high safety levels.References[1] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Energy, Electricityand <strong>Nuclear</strong> Power Estimates for thePeriod up to 2030, IAEA ReferenceData Series No. 1, IAEA, Vienna(2008).[2] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, HWRs: Statusand Projected Development, IAEATechnical Reports Series, TRS-407,IAEA, Vienna (2002).[3] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Status of AdvancedLight Water Reactor Designs:2004, IAEA-TECDOC-1391, IAEA,Vienna (2004).[4] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Liquid MetalCooled Reactors: Experience inDesign and Operation, IAEA-TEC-DOC-1569, IAEA, Vienna (2007).[5] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Review of NationalAccelerator Driven SystemProgrammes for Partitioning andTransmutation, IAEA-TECDOC-1365, IAEA, Vienna (2003).[6] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Current Statusand Future Development of ModularHigh Temperature Gas Cooled ReactorTechnology, IAEA-TECDOC-1198, IAEA, Vienna (2001).[7] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Design Features toAchieve Defence in Depth in Smalland Medium Sized Reactors (SMRs)IAEA <strong>Nuclear</strong> Energy Series No.NP-T-2.2 (2009).[8] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Status of SmallReactor Designs Without On-siteRefuelling, IAEA-TECDOC-1536(2007).[9] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Innovative Smalland Medium Sized Reactors: DesignFeatures, Safety Approaches,and R&D Trends, IAEA-TECDOC-1451, Vienna (May 2005).[10] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Advanced <strong>Nuclear</strong><strong>Plant</strong> Design Options to Cope withExternal Events, IAEA-TECDOC-1487, Vienna (February 2006).[11] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Status of InnovativeSmall and Medium Sized ReactorDesigns 2005: Reactors withConventional Refuelling Schemes,IAEA-TECDOC-1485, Vienna (March2006).[12] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Advanced Applicationsof Water-Cooled Reactors,IAEA-TECDOC-1584 (2008).[13] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, Improving Economicsand Safety of Water-CooledReactors: Proven Means and NewApproaches, IAEA-TECDOC-1290,IAEA, Vienna (2002).[14] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN-ERGY AGENCY, EvolutionaryWater-Cooled Reactors: StrategicIssues, Technologies and EconomicViability, Proceedings of a symposiumheld in Seoul, 30th November-4th December 1998, IAEA-TEC-DOC-1117, IAEA, Vienna (1999).Contact: Sama Bilbao y León,International Atomic Energy Agency,Wagramer Strasse 5, PO Box 100, A2569,1400 Vienna, Austria; telephone: 43 (1)2600-22865 or 22803, fax: 43 (1) 2600-29598, email: S.Bilbao@iaea.org. 42 www.<strong>Nuclear</strong><strong>Plant</strong><strong>Journal</strong>.com <strong>Nuclear</strong> <strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Journal</strong>, September-October 2009
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