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224 23 Glossary of Usage Conventions of usage might be called the “good manners” of dis course. Just as our notions of good manners vary from culture to culture and time to time, so do conventions of usage. The word ain’t, for instance, now considered inappropriate in formal discourse, was once widely used by the most proper British speakers and is still used nor mally in some spoken American dialects. So matters of usage, like other choices writers must make, depend on a writer’s purpose and on what is appropriate for a particular audience at a particular time. The Glossary of Usage provides, in brief form, a guide to generally accepted usage in college and professional writing, and a guide for distinguishing between words whose meanings are similar or that are easily confused. USEFUL WEB SITES The American Heritage Book of English Usage http://www. bartleby.com/64/ This online version of the 1996 book aims to inform and help readers with current problems in English usage. The Use of Clichés http://www.nexus.edu.au/teachstud/dexed/docs/cliche.html The account of an English teacher named Ms. English, with an ax to grind, who told her students to avoid clichés like the plague, this piece by Graeden Horsell claims that sometimes clichés are needed, and that one should never say “never.” yourDictionary.com http://www.yourdictionary.com This portal for language products and services advertises “the widest and deepest set of dictionaries on the Web.” The site’s ’Nyms & Such section offers links to many specialty dictionaries and databases, including an online homophone dictionary.
Sentence Style Look: Wear your black some days, and wear your purple others. There is no other rule besides pulling it off. — ZADIE SMITH Sentence Style
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INSTRUCTOR’S NOTES The Everyday W
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Copyright © 2009 by Bedford/St. Ma
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vi Preface the screen, and the use
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viii Ordering Information Ordering
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x Contents Sentence Style 24 Coordi
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INSTRUCTOR’S NOTES The Everyday W
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2 Sample Syllabi Attendance Because
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4 Sample Syllabi you will need to r
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6 Sample Syllabi Final Course Grade
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8 Sample Syllabi 9 Third essay due.
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10 1 The Top Twenty: A Quick Guide
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12 CHAPTER 1 The Top Twenty: A Quic
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22 CHAPTER 2 Expectations for Colle
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28 3 Online and Multimedia Presenta
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30 CHAPTER 3 Online and Multimedia
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38 CHAPTER 4 Design for College Wri
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46 5 Writing Situations No writing
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48 CHAPTER 5 Writing Situations cov
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50 CHAPTER 5 Writing Situations FOR
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52 CHAPTER 5 Writing Situations FOR
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54 CHAPTER 5 Writing Situations pre
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56 6 Exploring Ideas In any work th
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58 CHAPTER 6 Exploring Ideas Keep a
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60 CHAPTER 6 Exploring Ideas At the
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62 7 Planning and Drafting Some wri
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64 CHAPTER 7 Planning and Drafting
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72 CHAPTER 8 Developing Paragraphs
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82 9 Reviewing and Revising “I ne
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84 CHAPTER 9 Reviewing and Revising
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98 10 Editing and Reflecting The di
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100 CHAPTER 10 Editing and Reflecti
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110 11 Critical Reading The peace I
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112 CHAPTER 11 Critical Reading How
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114 CHAPTER 11 Critical Reading sev
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116 CHAPTER 11 Critical Reading Bro
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118 12 Analyzing Arguments Respondi
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120 CHAPTER 12 Analyzing Arguments
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126 13 Constructing Arguments The a
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128 CHAPTER 13 Constructing Argumen
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136 14 Preparing for a Research Pro
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138 CHAPTER 14 Preparing for a Rese
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144 15 Doing Research Knowledge is
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146 CHAPTER 15 Doing Research infor
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148 CHAPTER 15 Doing Research in yo
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150 CHAPTER 15 Doing Research ed ch
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152 16 Evaluating Sources and Takin
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154 CHAPTER 16 Evaluating Sources a
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166 17 Integrating Sources and Avoi
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168 CHAPTER 17 Integrating Sources
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Page 192 and 193: 178 CHAPTER 18 Writing a Research P
Page 199 and 200: Language There is nothing wrong, re
Page 201 and 202: CHAPTER 19 Writing to the World 187
Page 207 and 208: CHAPTER 20 Language That Builds Com
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Page 217 and 218: CHAPTER 21 Language Variety 203 In
Page 219 and 220: Q. What are the rules regarding cap
Page 221 and 222: CHAPTER 21 Language Variety 207 Lun
Page 223 and 224: Word Choice 22 and Spelling The dif
Page 225 and 226: CHAPTER 22 Word Choice and Spelling
Page 233 and 234: notion. When Andrea Lunsford and Ka
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Page 241 and 242: CHAPTER 24 Coordination, Subordinat
Page 243 and 244: On Subordination (24b) CHAPTER 24 C
Page 249 and 250: CHAPTER 25 Consistency and Complete
Page 251 and 252: 1. Hybrid-electric cars operate mor
Page 253 and 254: CHAPTER 26 Parallelism 239 Addition
Page 255 and 256: USEFUL READINGS CHAPTER 26 Parallel
Page 257 and 258: CHAPTER 27 Shifts 243 FOR TEACHING:
Page 259 and 260: Direct discourse The president said
Page 261 and 262: CHAPTER 27 Shifts 247 Halsted, Isab
Page 263 and 264: CHAPTER 28 Conciseness 249 Models),
Page 265 and 266: Sentence Variety 29 All my books li
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Page 271 and 272: Sentence Grammar Most of us don’t
Page 273 and 274: On the Origins of Language and Its
Page 275 and 276: FOR COLLABORATION: Adjectives and A
Page 277 and 278: CHAPTER 30 Basic Grammar 263 . . .
Page 279 and 280: TEACHING WITH TECHNOLOGY: Phrases (
Page 281 and 282: CHAPTER 30 Basic Grammar 267 in sus
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Page 285 and 286: On Verb Forms (31a) CHAPTER 31 Verb
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while the handbook descriptions hav
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dictates the choice of a particular
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CHAPTER 31 Verbs 279 aspectual verb
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On Agreement In “Agreement,” an
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CHAPTER 32 Subject-Verb Agreement 2
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Pronouns 33 A kind of duet — she
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order to be eligible to play it was
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CHAPTER 33 Pronouns 289 4. Even man
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Every driver takes his/her/its/thei
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His art is eccentricity, his aim Ho
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On Overusing Adjectives and Adverbs
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came from the Old English god, whic
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Modifier Placement 35 Modifiers —
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CHAPTER 35 Modifier Placement 301 3
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CHAPTER 35 Modifier Placement 303 r
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Comma Splices and 36 Fused Sentence
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CHAPTER 36 Comma Splices and Fused
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done by hand, my back aches, my han
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CHAPTER 37 Sentence Fragments 311 A
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CHAPTER 37 Sentence Fragments 313 v
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316 38 Commas The commas are the mo
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318 CHAPTER 38 Commas The comma, th
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320 CHAPTER 38 Commas Jetta I don
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322 39 Semicolons Among punctuation
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324 CHAPTER 39 Semicolons several p
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326 CHAPTER 39 Semicolons Sometimes
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328 CHAPTER 40 End Punctuation on w
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330 CHAPTER 40 End Punctuation USEF
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332 CHAPTER 41 Apostrophes On Apost
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334 42 Quotation Marks By necessity
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336 CHAPTER 42 Quotation Marks and
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338 CHAPTER 42 Quotation Marks Quot
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340 CHAPTER 43 Other Punctuation Ma
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342 CHAPTER 43 Other Punctuation Ma
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344 44 Capital Letters In early tex
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346 CHAPTER 44 Capital Letters It o
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348 45 Abbreviations and Numbers As
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350 CHAPTER 45 Abbreviations and Nu
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352 46 Italics Italic is one of the
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354 CHAPTER 46 Italics 3. To stress
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356 CHAPTER 47 Hyphens Greek manusc
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358 CHAPTER 47 Hyphens USEFUL READI
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360 48-51 MLA Documentation The sty
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362 CHAPTERS 48-51 MLA Documentatio
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368 52 APA Style The fifth edition
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370 53 Chicago Style As always, mos
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372 54 CSE Style A must for anyone
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For Multilingual Writers We’re al
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CHAPTER 55 Writing in U.S. Academic
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Clauses and 56 Sentences In “Dict
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CHAPTER 56 Clauses and Sentences 38
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CHAPTER 57 Nouns and Noun Phrases 3
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FOR TEACHING: Poetic Uses of Nonnat
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USEFUL READINGS CHAPTER 59 Preposit
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394 60 Academic Work in Any Discipl
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396 CHAPTER 60 Academic Work in Any
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398 CHAPTER 60 Academic Work in Any
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400 CHAPTER 61 Writing for the Huma
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402 CHAPTER 61 Writing for the Huma
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404 CHAPTER 62 Writing for the Soci
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406 CHAPTER 62 Writing for the Soci
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408 63 Writing for the Natural and
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410 CHAPTER 63 Writing for the Natu
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412 CHAPTER 64 Writing for Business
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414 CHAPTER 64 Writing for Business
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Answers to Exercises in The Everyda
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EXERCISE 22.3: Answers 1. attentive
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EXERCISE 26.3: THINKING CRITICALLY:
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5. Some women worried about osteopo
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ut even stronger is the growing per
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EXERCISE 35.2: Suggested Answers 1.
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2. My mother rarely allowed us to e
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8. A remix of Elvis Presley’s “
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EXERCISE 56.1: Answers 1. The schol
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