Lecture #5 - Alfred's Clay Store - Alfred University

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Water of Plasticity• The excess water between surfacesof kaolinite particles• What we are most familiar with– We add this when we add water to ourdry powdered clay• A.K.A. Lubricant water / Free water• Acts like a suspension system– Water completely surrounds each clayparticle– Promotes lubrication between clayparticles• Is completely removed during drying
Water of Plasticity For <strong>Clay</strong>s• Varies widely between clay types based on surface area• Fine grained clays may require up to 40%• Coarse grained clays - as low as 15%% Water of Plasticity37 OM-4 Ball <strong>Clay</strong>30 XX Sagger Stoneware26.2 Tile 6 Kaolin15 Hawthorn Bond Fireclay• These numbers do not tell us how plastic a clay will be;they simply tell us how much water they need to achievetheir respective optimum plasticity
Page 1 and 2: Water,Workability,and MixingLecture
Page 3: Types of Water
Page 7 and 8: Pore Water• Occupies the pores of
Page 9 and 10: Crystal-Edge Water• Water that is
Page 11 and 12: PlasticityHaving looked at the stru
Page 13 and 14: Initial ResistanceMovementbeforecra
Page 15 and 16: Plastic Flow in a Typical BodyShear
Page 17 and 18: Particle Size• Smaller particle s
Page 19 and 20: • QuantifyingPlasticity• Benton
Page 22 and 23: Flocculation• A Clay particle exh
Page 24 and 25: Flocculation• Clays are usually s
Page 26 and 27: Particle ShapeClay• Flatness of c
Page 28 and 29: Diversity in particle size ensures
Page 30 and 31: Narrow rangeWide range
Page 32 and 33: CPFT = Cumulative Percent Finer Tha
Page 34 and 35: Moisture Content• As we’ve alre
Page 36 and 37: Moisture Retention• Fine clays ho
Page 38 and 39: Souring• Secondary clays tend to
Page 40 and 41: Mixing• Homogenous mixtures are c
Page 42 and 43: Relative scale of materials in a cl
Page 44 and 45: Given what we now know aboutrelativ
Page 46 and 47: Soldner Mixer• The safest clay-mi
Page 49 and 50: Mixing ChronologyFor the Muller•
Page 51 and 52: Blunging• Ensures complete/homoge
Page 54 and 55:
• High speed shear head(cuts like
Page 56 and 57:
Regular MixingHigh Intensity Mixing
Page 58 and 59:
• Pumps (pushes)slip into porouse
Page 61 and 62:
Pugging• Pugging helps break down
Page 63:
The shredder stage• Air pockets a
Page 70:
ReferencesThe Chemistry and Physics
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Lecture #5 - Alfred's Clay Store - Alfred University

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