Lecture #5 - Alfred's Clay Store - Alfred University

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Pugging• Pugging helps break down any lumps due topoor mixing• Helps homogenize the plastic mass• Ideal when blunging has not taken place(Esp. important when using Soldner mixers)• Most pugmills de-air– Reduce air pockets– Bring particles closer together (increasesworkability)
Page 1 and 2:
Water,Workability,and MixingLecture
Page 3 and 4:
Types of Water
Page 5 and 6:
Water of Plasticity For Clays• Va
Page 7 and 8:
Pore Water• Occupies the pores of
Page 9 and 10: Crystal-Edge Water• Water that is
Page 11 and 12: PlasticityHaving looked at the stru
Page 13 and 14: Initial ResistanceMovementbeforecra
Page 15 and 16: Plastic Flow in a Typical BodyShear
Page 17 and 18: Particle Size• Smaller particle s
Page 19 and 20: • QuantifyingPlasticity• Benton
Page 22 and 23: Flocculation• A Clay particle exh
Page 24 and 25: Flocculation• Clays are usually s
Page 26 and 27: Particle ShapeClay• Flatness of c
Page 28 and 29: Diversity in particle size ensures
Page 30 and 31: Narrow rangeWide range
Page 32 and 33: CPFT = Cumulative Percent Finer Tha
Page 34 and 35: Moisture Content• As we’ve alre
Page 36 and 37: Moisture Retention• Fine clays ho
Page 38 and 39: Souring• Secondary clays tend to
Page 40 and 41: Mixing• Homogenous mixtures are c
Page 42 and 43: Relative scale of materials in a cl
Page 44 and 45: Given what we now know aboutrelativ
Page 46 and 47: Soldner Mixer• The safest clay-mi
Page 49 and 50: Mixing ChronologyFor the Muller•
Page 51 and 52: Blunging• Ensures complete/homoge
Page 54 and 55: • High speed shear head(cuts like
Page 56 and 57: Regular MixingHigh Intensity Mixing
Page 58 and 59: • Pumps (pushes)slip into porouse
Page 62 and 63: Pugmill Stages•Running clay throu
Page 69 and 70: ReferencesCeramics: Industrial Proc
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Lecture #5 - Alfred's Clay Store - Alfred University

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