These results can be used to better understand and monitor meteorological droughts so as toestablish appropriate adaptation and management measures that support food security andsustainable water supply in the catchment.Keywords: Agriculture, impacts, maize yields, meteorological droughts, NDVI, Ruvu RivercatchmentKnowledge, Attitude and Perceptions on malaria by the brick makers on NyabondoPlateauImbahale S 1,2 and Mukabana WR 1,31 International Centre <strong>of</strong> Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772 – 00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya2School <strong>of</strong> Applied Sciences and Technology, Kenya Polytechnic <strong>University</strong> <strong>College</strong>, P.O Box 52428-00200,Nairobi, Kenya3 School <strong>of</strong> Biological Sciences, <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100 GPO, Nairobi, KenyaNyabondo plateau is located in western Kenya and brick-making is the main economic activity inthis area. The main malaria vector in this region, Anopheles gambiae sensu lato, breeds mostly inhabitats (i.e. pits) resulting from brick-making process. Brick-making process involves variousplayers: brick makers (those who make the bricks), land owners (those who lease their land tobrick makings), and the employees (those hired for labor). Therefore, effective control <strong>of</strong> themalaria vector would require involvement <strong>of</strong> all those players. However, there is a need to, first,establish a correlation between brick-making and occurrence <strong>of</strong> malaria. Here, an open-endedquestionnaire was used to establish level <strong>of</strong> knowledge, attitude, and perceptions <strong>of</strong> playersinvolved in brick-making process in respect <strong>of</strong> malaria occurrence. A total <strong>of</strong> 186 persons (i.e.brick makers, land owners, and employees) were interviewed. Majority <strong>of</strong> them (91.4%) weremen. Thirty four percent <strong>of</strong> all respondents‟ perceived malaria as a health risk associated withbrick-making. Brick- makers were 5 and 23 times more likely to associate their activities tomalaria risk than land owners and employees respectively. Twenty three percent perceiveddrainage <strong>of</strong> stagnant water as a measure to manage the health risks associated with brick making.When asked reasons for making bricks it was clear that the majority were making brick as asource <strong>of</strong> income i.e. 89.7% while 11.3% were involved in brick making due to unemployment.These results show that the majority <strong>of</strong> persons involved in brick-making are aware <strong>of</strong> the linkbetween brick-making and mosquito breeding, and that they are willing to take part in mosquitocontrol activities. However, the main drawback is a lack <strong>of</strong> alternative income generationactivities. The results provide an important link between disease control and the socio-economicactivities. As long as the community perceives a lack <strong>of</strong> alternative options for incomegeneration, their participation in malaria vector control remains a challenge and malariatransmission will continue.
Organizing CommitteePr<strong>of</strong>. Hamadi Iddi BogaHabib MruttuJohn LugovaneJoel WaninaMwandoe PongahArthur WainainaZipporah KinyanjuiRosaly WachiraBaraka RaisMary Senewu